交叉配筋连梁抗震性能试验研究

为研究交叉配筋连梁在小跨高比条件下的抗震性能，验证两种配筋方式（对角暗撑配筋和集中对角配筋）的等效性，对6根钢筋混凝土交叉配筋连梁进行周期反复荷载试验. 试验考虑配筋方式和跨高比对连梁性能的影响. 试验装置采用双墙肢加载，使连梁实现“等双曲率弯曲”. 试验结果表明：随跨高比减小，连梁的破坏模式从受弯控制变为受剪控制，破坏转角由4.89%降低至1.98%；两种配筋方式的交叉配筋连梁受力性能接近；我国高规对于剪压比限值是合理的；基于交叉配筋连梁数据库分析得到新的受剪承载力计算公式，相比现行规范更能反映连梁的受力机理，同时更准确.     

钢纤维混凝土板冲切强度及塑性解

通过试验，探讨了钢纤维配筋混凝土简支方板的冲切性能，并采用塑性法分析了钢纤维混凝土板的极限强度，理论计算结果与实测值吻合良好．由于钢纤维的增强阻裂的作用，较之普通混凝土板，钢纤维混凝土板的冲切破坏呈现较大的延性，斜裂缝推迟产生，极限荷载得到提高．     

小跨高比钢纤维高强混凝土连梁延性和耗能研究

基于9根小跨高比(l/h≤2.5)钢纤维高强混凝土连梁和4根高强混凝土对比连梁试验,考察了跨高比、钢纤维体积掺率和配箍率对高强混凝土连梁位移延性和耗能能力的影响.结果表明:随着跨高比、钢纤维体积掺率和配箍率的增大,连梁的位移延性和耗能性能得到明显改善.当配箍率提高到一定程度后,由于剪压区混凝土破碎引起剪切滑移坡坏,箍筋不能完全发挥作用,配箍率对连梁的延性和耗能能力的影响不再明显.而在按非抗震要求配置箍筋的高强混凝土连梁中掺入ρf=1.0%的钢纤维,可使连梁达到与按抗震要求配置箍筋的连梁相当的位移延性系数,而当ρf=1.5%时,试件发生了弯曲破坏,从根本上改变了小跨高比高强混凝土连梁破坏的脆性性质.     

普通/钢纤维混凝土混合配筋梁裂缝和挠度计算分析

为了研究玻璃纤维增强复合材料(GFRP)筋与普通钢筋混合配筋混凝土梁(以下简称"混合配筋梁")的受弯性能,选取普通混凝土和钢纤维混凝土,设计制作8根混合配筋梁和5根纯钢筋/GFRP筋梁.通过受弯试验,重点探讨普通/钢纤维混凝土混合配筋梁的平均裂缝间距、短期最大裂缝宽度和跨中挠度等的变化.同时,基于混合配筋梁的相关计算理...     

钢纤维掺量对陶粒混凝土早期自收缩的影响

采用自制的悬挂波纹管自收缩测定装置,研究钢纤维陶粒混凝土1 d龄期内的自收缩性能.研究表明,在陶粒混凝土中掺入钢纤维以后,钢纤维会阻碍陶粒混凝土水泥石的收缩变形,进而可以有效减少陶粒混凝土的早期自收缩;但随着钢纤维掺量的增加,其对早期自收缩减少的程度却减小了.     

塑性铰区采用SFRC的高架桥墩抗震性能

为了改善高架桥墩的抗震性能,提出了在其潜在塑性铰区采用钢纤维增强钢筋混凝土(SFRC)进行增强的方法。对普通混凝土(NC)和钢纤维混凝土(SFC)棱柱体试块进行轴压试验,获得2种混凝土的本构关系曲线。基于结构分析软件建立全墩身采用普通钢筋混凝土(RC)和桥墩塑性铰区采用SFRC的高架桥分析模型,分析不同桥墩关键部位的地震需求。利用UCFyber程序建立桥墩截面纤维单元模型,计算桥墩抗弯能力。对比分析全墩身采用RC和桥墩塑性铰区采用SFRC的高架桥墩的抗弯能力需求比。结果表明:SFC的强度和变形能力较NC更具优势;在纵桥向地震动输入下,塑性铰区采用SFRC的桥墩比RC桥墩具有更强的塑性变形和地震耗能能力;塑性铰区采用SFRC的桥墩抗弯能力需求比平均比RC桥墩增大25.5%,具有更好的抗震安全性。     

跨高比l/h≤1.5钢筋钢纤维混凝土连梁受剪性能分析

小跨高比连梁在地震作用下易于发生剪切破坏,为了研究小跨高比钢筋钢纤维混凝土连梁的受剪性能,对低周水平反复荷载作用下的跨高比l/h≤1.5钢筋钢纤维混凝土连梁的试验结果进行了分析.运用拉压杆模型理论,分析了跨高比l/h≤1.5钢筋钢纤维混凝土连梁的受剪机理,提出了受剪承载力的计算模型和计算方法.研究结果表明:跨高比l/h≤1.5的钢筋钢纤维混凝土连梁主要通过对角混凝土主斜压杆机制与竖向拉压杆机制传递梁端剪力,其中竖向拉压杆机制由钢筋钢纤维拉杆与混凝土次斜压杆组成.基于拉压杆模型计算方法得到的受剪承载力计算值与试验值吻合较好,采用该计算方法能够较为准确的预测跨高比l/h≤1.5的钢筋钢纤维混凝土连梁的受剪承载力.     

梁端塑性铰外移的型钢混凝土节点的抗震性能

通过对两个足尺节点试件的低周反复荷载试验,研究了梁端塑性铰外移的型钢混凝土节点的抗震性能.试件按“强节点”原则进行设计,对节点核心区附近梁端工字形型钢的上、下翼缘采取狗骨式削弱,并适当增加梁端根部到型钢翼缘最大削弱部位的纵向钢筋的配筋量.试验结果表明:两个节点试件的位移延性系数在5.27以上,均符合抗震设计的延性要求;在最大荷载时,两个试件的等效粘滞阻尼系数均超过0.30,耗能能力强.理论分析表明:在型钢混凝土节点中采用塑性铰外移的构造措施,不仅能够降低节点核心区所受的剪力以及梁柱连接焊缝的应力,而且能够增强节点试件在塑性铰区的转动能力和抗剪性能,从而提高节点的延性和耗能能力.     

二级抗震等级异形柱框架结构抗震性能评价

通过计算一座二类场地八度（0．2g）抗震设防的异形柱框架在罕遇地震作用下的弹塑性时程响应，对国家现行行业标准《混凝土异形柱结构技术规程》二级框架柱的设计规定进行了初步验证，结果表明除框架底层柱根和T形截面边柱外，该规程的相关设计规定基本上能起到“强柱弱梁”的控制效果．对底层柱根和T形截面边柱的弯矩增强系数取值和配筋形式提出了建议．建议的方案增加配筋量不多，既能达到结构预期的塑性铰分布结果，又方便施工．     

钢纤维陶粒轻骨料混凝土受拉性能试验

采用工程中常用的陶粒作为轻骨料,制成界面粘结强度较高的陶粒轻骨料混凝土,研究不同钢纤维掺量的钢纤维轻骨料混凝土的受拉性能.根据试验数据得出钢纤维轻骨料混凝土立方体劈拉强度随钢纤维体积率变化的规律,拟合出其劈拉强度与立方体抗压强度的关系式.试验结果表明,其抗拉强度提高幅度较大.当钢纤维体积率为2.5%时,试件的劈拉强度和抗折强度值分别提高55.9%和77.31%,钢纤维轻骨料混凝土的拉压比也随着钢纤维体积率的增加而增大.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.