一种混合稀疏置零的自适应声回波对消算法

对稀疏路径的自适应声回波对消算法进行了讨论,提出一种稀疏置零归一化解相关LMS自适应滤波算法(简称SSKNDLMS).该算法综合了稀疏算法,置零算法及归一化解相关算法的优点,在增加少量计算量的情况下,其收敛速度和稳态失配比常用的LMS算法都有明显的改善.计算机仿真证实了这一结果.     

高效DSP自适应声回波对消系统的实时实现

报道了自主开发的基于作者提出的一种高效自适应声回波对消算法的DSP实时系统.该系统实时实现扬声器-房间-麦克风(LRM)通道中声回波的自适应对消,且声回波抑制比超过25dB.着重研究了算法的DSP软件实时实现问题,及硬件设计和系统性能的测试.     

自适应回波抵消器的算法分析与比较

在简单介绍回波产生背景及回波抵消器的基本原理后，详细阐述了当前普遍采用的各种自适应回波算法，并比较了各算法的性能，指出了各算法的适用场合．LMS算法是所有算法的基础，NLMS算法是对其的归一化，改进RLS算法则针对多重回波而言，变步长的LMS算法及MVS算法主要是对LMS算法的步长值由固定突破为因输入信号或误差信号而可调节的函数．     

改进的LMS算法及其在雷达干扰对消系统中的应用

为提高雷达系统在复杂电磁环境下的抗干扰能力，对雷达干扰对消系统及其自适应滤波算法进行了分析,给出了一种改进的变步长LMS自适应滤波算法。该算法利用类Sigmoid函数去调节步长,减少了运算量,并在类Sigmoid函数中利用误差信号的自相关值调整步长,从而解决了算法较快的收敛速度与较小的稳态误差之间的矛盾,并且降低了算法对输入噪声的敏感性。将该算法应用到自适应干扰对消系统中进行了计算机仿真验证,计算机仿真结果与理论分析一致,表明了该算法具有一定的可行性和优越性。     

一种改进的自适应滤波算法及其在回波对消中的应用

提出一种改进的自适应滤波算法，它通过选择自适应滤波器的系数更新时间间隔，在系统的收敛速度与计算量之间取得折衷；算法在每次系数更新时，利用了系统过去时刻数据并将频域批处理技术运用到算法计算中,大大加快了算法的收敛速度并且降低了计算复杂度,从而克服了LMS算法收敛速度慢以及仿射投影算法(APA)、递归最小二乘算法(RLS)计算量大的缺点.将所提算法应用于声回波对消中,仿真实验结果证实了其优点.     

基于后级滤波处理的频域语音盲信号分离

针对现有盲信号分离算法在真实环境下性能会降低的局限性,提出了一种将频域盲信号分离算法与后级滤波处理相结合的方法.在后级滤波处理阶段用自适应对消算法来去除分离信号中的残留干扰分量,根据语音信号的能量随频点分布起伏较大的特点,后级滤波算法引入了变步长的频域泄漏LMS(leaky LMS)算法.仿真实验表明,作者提出的方法使得分离效果有明显改善,而且比已提出的后级滤波处理方法效果要好.     

一种新的直达波干扰变步长NLMS对消算法

研究了脉冲无源双基地雷达的直达波干扰抑制技术. 在直达波脉冲和目标回波时域交叠的条件下,在分析传统LMS算法、归一化LMS算法、变步长LMS算法的基础上,提出一种新的变步长归一化LMS(新VSSNLMS)算法来实现直达波干扰自适应对消,通过仿真验证了该算法收敛性能的优越性. 并将该算法应用于脉冲无源双基雷达直达波干扰自适应对消中,理论分析和仿真结果表明,新VSSNLMS算法比现有的LMS、NLMS和MSVSLMS算法具有更快的收敛速度和更少的对消剩余误差.      

可区分回波通道变化和双端话音的检测算法研究

自适应声回波对消器中，可区分回波通道变化EPC(Echo Pass Change）和双端话音DT(DoubleTalk）的检测算法非常重要，以确保自适应滤波器在EPC时更新权系数，在DT期间冻结权系数. 提出了两种检测算法:算法1利用自适应滤波器误差信号的平均幅度，并结合误差信号和自适应滤波器输出信号的互相关系数来区分DT和EPC;算法2借助一个辅助滤波器来完成EPC和DT的检测，同时能加快主滤波器的收敛. 仿真结果表明,所提出的检测算法能有效区分EPC和DT,提高了回波对消器性能.     

自适应声回波对消器系统的研制

报道了自主开发的基于快速LMS／Newton算法2047个权的实用自适应声回波对消器系统。该系统实时实现了LRM（扬声器－房间－麦克风）系统中声回波的自适应对消，效果良好。着重研究了系统的实现算法，硬件与软件的设计及系统性能测试结果。     

一种基于离散小波变换的自适应滤波新算法

将小波变换、变换域自适应算法和变步长自适应算法相结合，得出了一种基于离散小波变换的自适应滤波新算法(NDWT-LMS)，该算法可以有效地降低输入信号的自相关程度，克服固定步长因子所导致算法在快的收敛速度和较低的稳态误差之间存在的矛盾。计算机仿真结果表明该算法与LMS算法相比具有更快的收敛速度和更小的失调噪声，可以很好地应用于自适应系统中。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.