基于支持向量机的非线性逆控制及仿真研究

针对逆系统方法中非线性逆模型辨识困难的问题,研究了基于支持向量机(SVM)的逆模型辨识及控制,提出了一种SVM逆模型与PID结合的复合控制系统.由SVM辨识非线性系统的逆模型作为前馈控制器,形成直接逆控制.同时,由PID控制器构成反馈控制,克服直接逆控制鲁棒性不强的缺陷.仿真研究表明,SVM的逆模型辨识能力强,该复合控制系统具有比直接逆控制更优的控制性能和鲁棒性.     

PID神经网络混沌优化及其在机械臂轨迹跟踪控制中的应用

针对BP优化PID神经网络（BP-PDNN）易陷入局部极小的不足,提出了一种变尺度混沌优化PID神经网络设计方法,即MSCOA-PIDNN,将其应用于机械臂轨迹跟踪控制中.利用混沌运动的遍历性优化网络权值,通过压缩优化变量取值区间提高搜索效率.采用MSCOA-PIDNN建立机械臂系统的预测模型,以多步预测性能指标为目标函数,优化PID神经网络控制器,从而实现机械臂系统轨迹跟踪的有效控制.仿真结果表明,MSCOA-PIDNN在机械臂轨迹跟踪控制中性能优于BP-PIDNN.     

基于NGPC的UUV路径跟随控制

针对水下无人潜航器（UUV）路径跟随问题,提出了一种基于模型的非线性反馈跟随控制方法.考虑UUV两输入、三输出的非线性跟随模型,选择与输出误差和控制误差相关的性能指标函数,利用基于最小化指标函数的非线性广义预测控制算法设计路径跟随器.针对UUV跟随模型简化后不确定性对路径跟随效果的影响,在控制闭合回路中提出了基于积分形式的水动力参数辨识方案,以减小路径跟随过程中规划路径和实际跟随路径之间的位置误差.最后,通过湖试验证了所提出方法的有效性.     

基于逆系统的六自由度机械臂解耦内模控制

六自由度机械臂的强耦合非线性特性加大了机器人控制的难度,为解决这一问题,研究了一种解耦控制方法.基于拉格朗日力学建立六自由度机械臂的动力学模型,并利用逆系统方法推导其逆系统模型,将逆系统模型串联在原系统的前面构成伪线性系统.仿真实验表明,该系统被解耦为6个二阶积分子系统,但建模误差与外部干扰会影响模型的准确性,从而影响...     

苯胺加氢反应过程的多变量解耦广义预测控制

针对苯胺加氢间歇反应具有高度不确定性和交叉耦合性,传统PID控制器很难达到理想控制品质,本文采用阶梯控制策略设计多变量广义预测控制(GPC)解耦控制系统。首先针对系统的交叉耦合性,对目标函数解耦算法进行了简化设计以有效减少计算量;然后利用GPC策略构建一个双输入双输出解耦GPC系统;最后将多变量解耦GPC控制与传统PID变结构控制进行对比分析,模拟仿真效果验证了该控制系统的有效性和强鲁棒性。     

基于小波的支持向量机算法研究

基于小波对偶框架和支持向量核函数的条件,提出了一种支持向量小波核函数.该核函数利用小波的多尺度插值特性和稀疏变化特性,不仅提高了模型的精度和迭代的收敛速度,而且还适用于信号的局部分析、信噪分离和突变信号的检测,从而在提高支持向量机(SVM)泛化能力的同时,提高了辨识效果和减少了计算量.基于该核函数和正则化理论提出的最小二乘小波支持向量机用于非线性系统辨识,对SINC函数的逼近,该小波核得到的均方根误差不足高斯径向基核的1/12,对logistic混沌序列预测的均方根误差不超过8×10-6,同时实验表明,预测的长度对预测均方根误差没有显著影响,这表明小波核SVM具有更好的泛化能力.     

确定性多变量非线性系统的在线修正参数预测滤波PID控制

针对确定性多变量NARMAX模型,分析了其可采用PID控制的约束条件。提出一种增量型预测滤波解耦PID控制算法,基于递推参数估计算法对系统模型进行参数估计,采用逐步迭代预报算法进行预测,结合一种可克服算法病态的直接极小化指标函数的自适应控制算法和Robbins-Monro算法,给出了确定性多变量NARMAX模型的具有在线修正参数的预测滤波PID控制算法,因指标函数中含有输出的预测值,故算法具有加快PID控制参数收敛到有效值速度的性能。仿真研究表明,因为所提出的PID算法具有在线修正参数和预测控制的性能,故系统具有较好的控制品质。     

集中空调送风静压系统建模与广义预测控制

集中空调空气处理系统因其大时滞、非线性、强扰动、被控对象辨识困难等特点,使得常规PID控制算法的控制效果欠佳。文中在分析集中空调整体系统架构的基础上,基于送风静压控制模型的辨识,提出广义预测控制算法。针对送风静压子模块,采用系统辨识方法,对风机频率风管静压回路进行建模,基于该系统控制模型,设计广义预测控制算法,并用于定静压控制策略的实现。仿真验证和实测结果表明,所设计的算法相对于传统PID控制算法具有较强的跟踪及抗干扰能力。     

基于Laguerre函数模型的多变量广义预测自适应控制

通过对Laguerre函数模型结构的分析 ,把多变量广义预测自适应控制方法应用于该模型中 ,利用Laguerre函数模型近似控制对象系统结构 ,将模型中间参量的辨识和模型的预测输出有效的统一了起来 ,克服了单纯基于参数化模型预测控制通常需要已知系统的时延和阶次的局限 ,为适合该类模型的工业对象应用提供一种有参考价值的控制方法。     

一种基于混合核函数SVM的人脸识别方法

SVM是人脸识别中最常使用的一种机器学习领域算法,它通过距离概念得到对数据分布的结构化描述,降低了对数据规模的要求,适合处理人脸图像这种小样本训练集的分类问题。其中SVM的核函数的选择对分类精度影响很大,全局核函数的预测函数对输出进行正确预测的能力较高,而局部核函数具有较强的学习能力,兼顾两者特点,使用结合RBF核和Sigmoid核的混合核来设计SVM分类器进行识别。针对ORL库进行PCA特征提取,然后使用基于混合核的SVM分类器进行识别分类。实验结果表明,在识别率上,基于该混合核函数的SVM分类器比基于普通核函数SVM分类器要更占优势。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to