喷墨CTP版UV墨水用超低黏度聚氨酯丙烯酸酯的合成及性能

以甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯（TDI）、甲基丙烯酸-β-羟乙酯（HEMA）以及聚乙二醇400（PEG400）为原料,制备了一种具有超低黏度、可光固化的聚氨酯丙烯酸酯（PUA）预聚物,对其结构进行了表征。详细研究了反应条件如加料方式、反应物配比、催化剂、反应温度等对PUA黏度的影响。初步考察了由该预聚物配制成的紫外光固化墨水光敏性的优化条件,由该PUA配成的光固化墨水大大缩短了固化时间,15 s内即能完成固化。     

水性聚氨酯-丙烯酸酯复合乳液的合成与表征

为开发高性能且环保的丙烯酸酯改性水性聚氨酯乳液,以甲苯二异氰酸酯、聚醚二元醇、二羟甲基丙酸（DMPA）和甲基丙烯酸甲酯为主要原料,采用原位乳液聚合法,先制得水性聚氨酯预聚物／乙烯基单体混合物,然后加入引发剂,经自由基乳液聚合得到聚氨酯一丙烯酸酯（PUA）复合乳液,并对影响复合乳液性能的因素进行了探讨．研究发现,PUA复合乳液的性能及外观与-NCO／-OH比（物质的量比,下同）、二羟甲基丙酸（DMPA）含量以及中和度等密切相关．当n（-NCO）：n（-OH）=1．3～1．4,-COOH质量分数在2．6％左右．中和度为90％～100％时,所得PUA复合乳液的外观好、性能佳．     

阳离子型水性聚氨酯的研制

以聚乙二醇(PEG)、甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)、N-甲基二乙醇胺(MDEA)为主要原料,用自乳化法合成了阳离子型水性聚氨酯;探讨了合成反应工艺条件.研究表明,较佳的合成工艺条件为:制备预聚物时n(NCO)/n(OH)比值为3:1;以N—甲基二乙醇胺为扩链剂,采用“饥饿加料”方式,其用量为预聚物质量分数的5.0%~6.0%;预聚物合成反应温度为60℃,反应时间3 h;扩链反应的反应温度40℃,反应时间5 h;中和度为80%~100%.在此工艺条件下,合成的阳离子型水性聚氨酯具有良好的稳定性能.     

UV涂料用聚氨酯丙烯酸酯弹性预聚体

以甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯、SAN树脂、丙烯酸羟乙酯等原料合成聚氨酯丙烯酸酯预聚物,研究了反应温度、反应时间及催化剂浓度对树脂合成的影响.得出合成该预聚物的适宜条件:第1步反应温度为25~35℃,反应时间为2.5 h;第2步反应温度控制在75~80℃,反应时间为3 h,催化剂质量分数为0.4%.同时通过调节活性稀释剂三缩丙二醇二丙烯酸酯、三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯、1,6己二醇二丙烯酸酯的不同配比制备紫外光固化涂料,测试涂膜光泽、硬度、柔韧性、耐冲击强度、附着力等各项性能,找出涂膜具有良好弹性及柔韧性且符合光固化膜性能要求的涂料配方.     

多官能度聚氨酯丙烯酸酯树脂的合成及性能研究

以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、聚丙二醇(PPG)、丙烯酸羟乙酯(HEA)、三羟基丙烷二丙烯酸酯(TMPDA)及季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯(PETA)为主要原料合成了一系列的多官能度的聚氨酯丙烯酸酯(PUA)预聚物。通过傅立叶红外光谱(FT-IR)分析证实了PUA的结构。研究了固化膜的凝胶含量、力学性能,并通过动态力学热分析(DMA)进行了表征。结果表明:与单官能度丙烯酸酯封端的聚氨酯光固化膜相比,多官能度丙烯酸酯的引入有助于固化膜交联程度的提高,当紫外光照射35 s时,三官能度的丙烯酸酯封端的聚氨酯凝胶含量提高了3.6%,拉伸强度提高了264%。     

水性丙烯酸酯/聚氨酯复合乳液的合成及性能研究

以二羟甲基丙酸（DMPA）、双丙酮丙烯酰胺（DAAM）为功能性单体,以丙烯酸酯类为溶剂合成了水性丙烯酸酯聚氨酯(PUA)复合乳液,成功的解决了以丙酮为溶剂制备水性聚氨酯造成的VOC含量高、工艺复杂、浪费能源的问题。通过红外(FT-IR)、透射电镜(TEM)等测试手段及吸水率、耐溶剂性、硬度、凝胶含量的测定,考察了丙烯酸酯聚氨酯复合乳液（PUA）及其涂膜的结构与性能,结果表明PUA复合乳液涂膜硬度达到3H,凝胶含量可达到84.3%,且耐水性、耐溶剂性得到明显提高。     

紫外光固化松节油聚氨酯丙烯酸酯的合成

为降低聚氨酯涂料的生产成本,提高市场竞争力,采用松节油聚酯二元醇(TP)、甲苯二异腈酸酯(TDI)、丙烯酸羟丙酯(HPA)合成了可紫外光(UV)固化的聚氨酯丙烯酸酯(PUA).研究反应温度、摩尔比、反应时间、催化剂用量对产物合成的影响,并用红外光谱对产品进行表征,考察紫外光固化涂料固化涂膜的铅笔硬度、附着力、耐冲击性、耐候性等性能.结果表明,适宜的工艺条件:原料配比为n(HPA):n(TDI):n(TP)=1.2:1:0.5;第1步反应温度30～35℃,反应时间2.5～3 h,催化剂二月桂酸二丁基锡(DBL)的用量为物料总质量的0.8%,第2步反应温度65～70℃,反应时间2.5～3 h,DBL的用量为物料总质量的0.6%.制得的松节油聚氨酯丙烯酸酯固化涂膜性能良好,能够达到使用要求.     

双环基聚氨酯丙烯酸酯的合成

以双环戊二烯(DCPD)为原料合成的双环基不饱和聚酯二醇(DUPG)、异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯(PET3A)、二缩三丙二醇二丙烯酸酯(TPGDA)为原料,通过溶液聚合法合成了双环基聚氨酯丙烯酸酯(DPUA),考察了反应温度、反应时间、催化剂和阻聚剂用量对合成DPUA的影响,研究了UV固化涂膜的铅笔硬度、附着力和柔韧性等性能。结果表明:合成过程中第1步反应温度、时间和催化剂质量分数分别为55℃、2.5h、0.04%,第2步反应温度、时间和催化剂质量分数分别为75℃、2.5 h、0.06%,阻聚剂质量分数为0.2%时,树脂性能最佳。     

紫外光固化纳米溶胶／聚氨酯丙烯酸酯杂化材料的制备与性能

以 γ-甲基丙烯酰氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷为原料,采用溶胶－凝胶法合成了可紫外光固化的纳米溶胶,采用红外光谱（FT-IR）、核磁共振（NMR）和透射电镜（SEM）对其结构、粒径大小和分布进行了分析表征。采用聚酯多元醇、甲苯二异氰酸酯（TDI）、丙烯酸羟乙酯（HEA）为原料,合成了聚氨酯丙烯酸酯。利用合成的可紫外光固化的纳米溶胶和聚氨酯丙烯酸酯制备了紫外光固化有机/无机纳米杂化材料,对纳米杂化材料的力学性能进行了测试。实验结果表明,随着纳米溶胶含量的增加,杂化材料的力学性能、附着力等均得到了提高,当纳米溶胶质量分数达到20%时,涂膜硬度可增至3H,纳米溶胶质量分数为10%时涂膜的附着力即可达到最高的0级;纳米粒子在有机相中分散良好。     

PUA水分散液的合成研究

采用预聚、中和分散、乳液聚合三个独立而连贯的步骤：以芳香族异氰酸酯（TDI）、羟基丙烯酸酯（HPA）、聚醚或聚酯二元醇、亲水性单体2,2－二羟基甲基丙酸（DMPA）等为原料,以丙烯酸酯单体为溶剂进行预聚;在水中自乳化形成的PU乳液为种子,不外加乳化剂,进行PU／PA种子乳液聚合,形成具有“核／壳”结构的PUA水分散液。运用IR、TEM、DSC等手段对PUA水分散液进行了表征。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to