从古植物群的演替论我国石炭纪地层统的划分

基于我国石炭纪植物群的演替概况和古植物地理区系的分化,作者主张我国石炭纪地层分为下石炭统和上石炭统。根据植物化石的层位分布和各类植物的盛衰变化,我国石炭纪植物群可概括为五个植物化石组合带,由下而上为:1.Lepidodendropsis himeri-Eolepidodend-ron wusihense 组合带,2.Cardiopteridum spetsbergense-Triphyllopte-irs collombiana 组合带,3.Eleutherphyllum mirabile-Mesocalamites cisti-formis 组合带,4.Conchophyllum richthofenii-Neuropteris kaipingiana组合带,5.Neuropteris ovata-Lepidodendron posthumii 组合带。这五个植物化石组合带大致与西欧的杜内阶(或杜内阶晚期至维先阶早期)、维先阶、纳缪尔阶、维斯发阶和斯特凡阶分别相当.     

靖远磁窑早石炭世沉积环境基本特征

磁窑地区早石炭世为海陆过渡环境。杜内期及维宪早期为河口湾和三角洲环境，表明了沉积作用在海岸带附近进行。维宪晚期为碳酸盐台地环境，是一次规模较大的海侵活动。自杜内阶至维宪阶构成了一个大的沉积旋回。此后，纳缪尔早期又转为河口湾环境。     

龙首山石炭纪地层

专题研究表明,龙首山确有石炭、二迭纪地层分布。区内石炭系包括下、中、上三统,下统为南洼顶组,因产Yuanophyllum带的珊瑚、腕足类和苔藓虫化石,相当维宪晚期沉积。中统包括三岔组和尖山组,前者所产植物化石与靖远组类似,时代属纳缪尔期,后者的动、植物化石与本溪群、羊虎沟组的一致,时代为维所发期。上统沿用太原群,植物化石组合面藐与我国早期华夏植物群一致,时代为斯特芬期。龙首山石炭纪地层的确定,为进一步探讨该区的地质发育史和相关地质问题,提供了实际材料。     

淮南新庄孜太原组的■类

本文系统描述了新庄孜太原组剖面,研究了灰岩中的(竹蜓)类动物群,计有13属41种,其中包含3个未定种。根据(竹蜓)类组合特征,可建立Pseudofusulina vulagris——Quasifusulinacayeuxi组合带,大致相当于江苏大屯太原组的Sphaeroschuagerina带,其时代应属晚石炭世晚期。     

山东肥城煤田晚石炭世-早二叠世小有孔虫动物群

通过对肥城煤田晚石炭-早二叠世小有孔虫动物群的研究,共鉴定出小有孔虫化石25属73种。自上而下可建立三个小有孔虫组合：ⅢMultidiscustalimuensis-Glomospira-Palaeotextularia组合,ⅡTetrataxis-Nodosaria-Palaeotextularia组合,ⅠEotuberitina-Bradyina组合。通过与其它地区小有孔虫组合对比,肥城煤田这三个小有孔虫组合的时代应分别为晚石炭世晚期（组合Ⅰ）和早二叠世早期（组合Ⅱ和组合Ⅲ）。     

江西武宁晚奥陶世晚期三叶虫

本文记述了江西武宁晚奥陶世晚期三叶虫4属、2种、2未定种—Songxites wuningensis Lin,Dalmanitina(Dalmanitina)zunyiensis Yin,Platycoryphe sp.,和Leonaspis sp.等,并讨论Songxites归属问题,作者同意Vandenberg等意见,将Songxites提升为一独立的属,但作者从Songxites的唇瓣特征以及据Dalmanitid三叶虫25个种头部,采用多变量的比值数据,通过聚类分析结果的资料,认为Songxites不应归入Mucronaspidinae亚科,而仍应归Dalmanitinae亚科。从Songxites分布于亚洲、欧洲、澳大利亚,时代仅限于晚奥陶世晚期,所以作者提出该属可作为洲际间晚奥陶世地层对比的一个标准化石。作者认为从本区晚奥陶世晚期三叶虫组合特征来看,它与川、黔、滇、甘等地上奥陶统顶部所含的三叶虫组合近似,所以本区含Dalmanitina地层时代确定为晚奥陶世五峰期是适宜的。     

准噶尔盆地西北缘乌-夏断裂带油气成藏组合特征

依据油气成藏组合理论,结合前人油源对比资料并通过储层、区域盖层及油气藏特征分析,对准噶尔盆地西北缘乌-夏断裂带油气成藏组合特征及油气富集区带进行研究.结果表明:乌-夏断裂带可划分为源内自生自储油气成藏组合和源上下生上储油气成藏组合;存在源内早期成藏垂相运聚、近源早期成藏侧向运聚和远源晚期成藏混向运聚3类油气成藏模式;构...     

Cathaysiodendron(华夏木属)在甘肃靖远早石炭世的发现

Cathaysiodendron(华夏木属)是华夏植物群中一个重要的标志属,以往大部分繁盛于我国华北的晚石炭世至早二叠世太原组和山西组,这次发现于甘肃靖远磁窑臭牛沟组下段.上覆地层的灰岩内有产于西欧维宪阶(Visean)的和华南大塘阶的牙形石,地层时代属于早石炭世维宪期当无问题.华夏木在我国早石炭世的发现对于研究石炭纪植物地理区的划分及东方型鳞木类的演化均有一定意义;文中描述了Cathaysiodendron的1个新种和1个相似种.     

东海盆地第三系层序地层学初探

在前人研究成果基础上,运用沉积学、生物地层学、测井地层学及地震地层学,对东海盆地第三系进行了较系统的层序地层学研究,结果表明东海盆地第三系可划分为５个二级层序（层序组）和１２个三级层序以及若干次一级层序。在三级层序中,Ⅰ型层序７个,Ⅱ型层序５个,平均年限５．３Ｍａ,它们代表１２次三级周期海平面变化产物,其中最高海平面期为伊普雷斯晚期,最低海平面期为鲁珀利早期。根据有孔虫带和钙质超微化石组合,它们大致可与全球同期海平面旋回相对比。     

排列组合问题的解题策略

排列、组合应用题在每年高考的重要内容,本文对近几年常出现的排列组合问题进行了整理和归类,大致可总结为:排组分清,加乘明确,有序排列,无序组合;分类为加,分步为乘.     

Middle-Late Jurassic marine dinoflagellate cysts from the eastern Qiangtang Basin in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China

Dinoflagellate cysts from two Middle-Late Jurassic sections in the Wenquan and Yanshiping regions of the Qiangtang Basin comprise 24 genera and 36 species including one new taxon of the genus Tenua. Based on their stratigraphic distribution, six assemblage zones are recognized in ascending order as follows: 1) Tubotuberella egemenii Zone, probably Callovian, in the mid-upper part of the Xiali Formation; 2) Pareodinia ceratophora Zone, probably Oxfordian, in the lower part of the Suowa Formation; 3) Batiacasphaera floralis Zone, probably Oxfordian, in the middle part of the Suowa Formation; 4) Amphorula metaelliptica Zone, probably Early Kimmeridgian, in the upper part of the Suowa Formation; 5) Alisocysta spp. Zone, probably Early Kimmeridgian, in the base of the Xueshan Formation; 6) Tenua wenquanensis sp. nov. -Dichadogonyaulax schizoblata Zone, probably Late Kimmeridgian-Tithonian, in the lower part of the Xueshan Formation. Based on our analysis the Jurassic-Cretaceous Boundary in the Wenquan section is placed higher than previously.     

中国早石炭世的四射珊瑚组合及主物古地理

中国早石炭世的四射珊瑚可划分为六个组合带，自下而上依序为。１）Ｃｅｒｉｐｈｙｌｌｕｍ　ｅｌｅｇａｔｕｍ　　　　（ＭｅｎｉｓｃｏｐｈｙｌｌｕｍｘｉｎｊｉＡｎｇｅｎｓｅ带大致与之相当），２）Ｃａｎｉｎｉａ　ｄｏｒｌｏｄｏｔｉ或Ｋａｓｓｉｎｅｌｌａ－　　Ｌｏｐｈｏｐｈｙｌｌｕｍ　ｄｅｎｓｕｍ，３）Ｃｙｓｔｏｈｒｅｎｔｉｓ或Ｅｎｙｇｍｏｐｈｙｌｌｕｍ－Ｋａｋｗｉｐｈｙｌｌｕｍ　ｑｉｎｇｈ－ａｉｅｎｓｅ，４）Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｕｒａｌｉｎｉａ　或Ｓｉｐｈｏｎｏｐｈｙｌｌｉａ　ｏｐｐｒｅｓｓａ，５）Ｔｈｙｓａｎｏｐｈｌｌｕｍ　ａｓｉａｔｉｃｕｍ或Ｏｒｉｎａｓｔｒａｅａ　ｈａｉｔｏｕｔａｌａｅｎｓｉｓ－Ｄｏｒｌｏｄｏｔｉａ，６）Ｙｕａｎｏｐｈｙｌｌｕｍ．图乃阶和韦则阶的分界　　或Ｏｒｉｎａｓｔｒａｅａ，６）Ｙｕａｎｏｐｈｙｌｌｕｍ．图乃阶和韦则阶的分界　　划在Ｓｉｐｈｏｎｏｐｈｙｌｌｉａ　ｏｐｐｒｅｓｓａ带的顶部．ＹｕＡｎｏｐｈｙｌｌｕｍ带的时代自韦则晚期延伸至纳缪尔早　　　　期。根据珊瑚动物群的特征区分出三个生物地理区，即天山－祁连区、巴颜喀喇－三江区和扬子　　区，各区相应的代表分予分别为Ｓｉｐｈｏｎｐｈｙｌｌｉａ　ｏｐｐｒ?     

Middle-Late Jurassic marine dinoflagellate cysts from the eastern Qiangtang Basin in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China

Dinoflagellate cysts from two Middle-Late Jurassic sections in the Wenquan and Yanshiping regions of the Qiangtang Basin comprise 24 genera and 36 species including one new taxon of the genus Tenua. Based on their stratigraphic distribution, six assemblage zones are recognized in ascending order as follows: 1) Tubotuberella egemenii Zone, probably Callovian, in the mid-upper part of the Xiali Formation; 2) Pareodinia ceratophora Zone, probably Oxfordian, in the lower part of the Suowa Formation; 3) Batiacasphaera floralis Zone, probably Oxfordian, in the middle part of the Suowa Formation; 4) Amphorula metaelliptica Zone, probably Early Kimmeridgian, in the upper part of the Suowa Formation; 5) Alisocysta spp. Zone, probably Early Kimmeridgian, in the base of the Xueshan Formation; 6) Tenua wenquanensis sp. nov. -Dichadogonyaulax schizoblata Zone, probably Late Kimmeridgian-Tithonian, in the lower part of the Xueshan Formation. Based on our analysis the Jurassic-Cretaceous Boundary in the Wenquan section is placed higher than previously.     

苏皖地区孤峰组放射虫动物群及其古环境意义

苏皖地区下二叠统孤峰组４条剖面中含有极其丰富的放射虫化石，经鉴定计９属２７种，它们主要由阿尔拜虫类ａｌｂｉｌｌｅｌｌｉｄｓ，球形多囊虫类ｓｐｈｅｒｉｃａｌ ｐｏｌｙｃｙｓｔｉｎｅ和十字多囊虫类ｓｔａｕｒａｘｏｎ ｐｏｌｙｃｙｓｔｉｎｅ组成，并且可以划分成３个组合带，即Ｐｓｅｕｄｏａｌｂａｉｌｌｅｌｌａ ｆｕｓｉｆｏｒｍｉｓ－Ｐ．ｌｏｎｇｔａｎｅｎｓｉｓ，Ｆｏｌｌｉｃｕｃｕｌｌｕｓ ｍｏｎａｃａｎｔ     

A Chengjiang-type fossil assemblage from the Hongjingshao Formation （Cambrian Stage 3） at Chenggong,Kunming, Yunnan

A new Chengjiang-type fossil assemblage is reported herein from the lower part of the Hongjingshao Formation at Xiazhuang village of Chenggong,Kunming,Yunnan.The fossil assemblage,named as Xiazhuang fossil assemblage,yields predominantly soft-bodied fossils,including arthropods,brachiopods,priapulids,lobopods and some problematic taxa,with arthropods being the most dominant group.Preservation and composition of the fossil assemblage are very similar to the typical Chengjiang biota,which is preserved in the middle Yu’anshan Formation in the large area of eastern Yunnan.The associated trilobites demonstrate that the soft-bodied fossil assemblage belongs to the late Qiongzhusian in age(Stage 3,Cambrian),suggesting that the Hongjingshao Formation is probably a diachronous lithostratigraphic unit ranging from the upper Qiongzhusian to the lower Canglangpuan stages in eastern Yunnan.The fossil assemblage from the Xiazhuang area fills up the missing link between the typical older Chengjiang biota and the younger Malong and Guanshan biotas,making eastern Yunnan a unique area in the world to reveal the early evolutionary history of animals and palaeocommunity dynamics during the‘‘Cambrian explosion’’.     

Early Cambrian eodiscoid trilobites of the Yangtze Platform and their stratigraphic implications

Analysis of the taxonomy and stratigraphic distribution of the Early Cambrian eodiscoid trilobites of the Yangtze Platform indicates that species of Tsunyidiscus and Hupeidiscus can be used for biostratigraphic correlation. T. aclis occurs only in the lower Qiongzhusian, T. armatus occurs in the lower and middle Qiongzhusian, while T. niutitangensis and T. tingi occur mainly in the middle and upper Qiongzhusian, with only T. tingi extending upward into the lower Canglangpuian. H. orientalis first appears in the upper Qiongzhusian, reaching peak abundance in the lower Canglangpuian and becoming extinct above the Drepanuroides Zone. Biostratigraphic and lithostratigraphic correlations indicate that the limestone in the lower part of the Mingxinsi Formation, the Upper Member of Jiumenchong Formation, and the upper part of the Middle Member of the Huangbailing Formation, can be correlated with each other as Hupediscus, an index fossil of the lower Canglangpuian, is abundant in all these units. The lower part of the Niutitang and Jiumenchong formations in eastern Guizhou, which mainly represent Qiongzhusian strata, can be correlated with the Lower Member of the Huangbailing Formation. The basal part of the Niutitang Formation, which may be equivalent to the Upper Meishucunian Shiyantou Formation in eastern Yunnan, is very condensed. Well-preserved sponge faunas and non-mineralized fossils in the lower part of the Niutitang and Hetang formations are not older than Qiongzhusian in age.     

贵州关岭动物群时代的牙形石地层证据

通过对关岭动物群产出层位瓦窑组及其下伏地层竹杆坡组采集到的牙形石样品进行处理，得到典型牙形石带分子Paragondolella polygnathiformis和Paragondolella tadpole。经对比，可知竹杆坡组顶部和瓦窑组的时代为晚三叠世卡尼期中期或晚期，而不是中三叠世拉丁期，从而表明关岭动物群的时代是晚三叠世卡尼中－－晚期。     

两淮煤田太原组的蜓类分带

本文研究的蜒类计有17属91种,包括1未定种。根据蜒类动物群的垂直分布情况,两淮煤田上石炭统太原组可建立Sphaeroschwagerina带,并自下而上进一步细分为2亚带:(1).Quasifusulina gracilis-Boultonia willsi亚带;(2).Sphaeroschwea-gerina subrotunda亚带。必须指出,山西太原组的Triticites simplex带在两淮地区未见到,两淮煤田太原组可能只相当于庙沟石灰岩至东大窑石灰岩的层位,其时代应属晚石炭世中、晚期     

A new discovery of macroscopic fossils from the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation in the Yangtze Gorges area

The Ediacaran section in the Yangtze Gorges area, South China, is one of the most important in the worldand contains abundant fossils[1-4]. The earliest discov- ery of macrofossils in 1984, including macroscopic algal fossils from the uppermost Doushantuo…