RBF神经网络主成分分析法在交通量预测中应用

文章基于径向基函数(RBF)神经网络应用于交通量预测时,如果输入空间严重自相关及网络维数较高时,RBF神经网络的预测精度会下降这一问题,提出了一种改进的RBF神经网络主成分分析法。用实例证明,该方法在模拟预测中与一般的RBF神经网络模型相比有较好的效果。     

BP神经网络主成分分析在试飞数据预测中的应用

本文采用主成分分析与BP神经网络相结合的方法对试飞数据进行了预测,同时还对BP神经网络主成分分析法与全要素BP神经网络分析法进行了比较．结果表明BP神经网络主成分分析法具有精度更高、收敛速度更快等特点。     

基于PCA的RBF神经网络预测方法研究

主成分分析(PCA)法可以提取样本集的主成分,实现样本的最优压缩,从而降低样本的维数。针对用RBF神经网络进行多因素时间序列预测时样本特征指标过多的问题,提出用统计理论的PCA方法对数据进行预处理,再选出几个主成分作为神经网络的输入节点.仿真实验表明,基于PCA的RBF神经网络模型在拟合预测中与一般的RBF神经网络模型相比有较好效果,简化了网络结构,改善了预测精度.     

基于主成分分析与神经网络的采矿方法优选

基于利用神经网络预测采矿方法存在一些不足,建立主成分分析法与神经网络结合的采矿方法优选模型。对神经网络的输入数据进行主成分分析,使输入数据不相关且减少。研究结果表明:利用主成分分析法可将输入数据减少,消除由于BP网络输入数据太多而影响数据处理速度的缺陷;把主成分分析法和神经网络结合进行采矿方法优选,可使预测精度大大提高。     

基于PCA与RBF的建筑能耗预测建模

由于建筑能耗因子间存在非线性和高度冗余特性,传统预测方法很难消除数据之间冗余和捕捉非线性特征,导致预测精度较低.为了提高建筑能耗预测精度,提出一种将主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)和径向基函数(radial basic function,RBF)神经网络相结合的建筑能耗预测方法(PCA-RBF).利用PCA消除建筑能耗高维变量数据的相关性,并按累积贡献率提取主成分,将主成分作为RBF神经网络的输入进行训练学习.通过PCA避免了模型过多的输入导致的训练耗时长及预测精度较低的不足.通过将PCA-RBF模型方法应用于某办公建筑能耗的预测中,并与RBF神经网络及BP神经网络模型相比,实验结果表明PCARBF模型方法能有效提高建筑能耗预测精度.     

采空区危险性评价方法优化

为了更合理精确地评价采空区危险性,对利用神经网络评价的方法进行优化,建立主成分分析法与神经网络结合的采空区危险性评价模型.从地质和工程条件出发,综合考虑影响采空区稳定性的13项主要因素,统计样本数据.运用主成分分析法对影响采空区稳定性的样本进行预处理,将分析结果作为神经网络的输入数据,减少输入变量,消除变量之间的相关性,从而加快数据处理速度,提高预测精度.将该方法应用于锡矿山的采空区危险性评价.结果表明,预测误差在8％以内,较未经主成分分析的神经网络预测精度有了很大提高.利用主成分分析法和神经网络结合建立的采空区危险性评价模型具有分析速度快、预测精度高等优点.该方法科学合理,为采空区危险性评价提供了一种更完善的评价体系.     

基于PCA与RBF神经网络的PM_（10）质量浓度预测

对影响PM10质量浓度的20个因子进行主成分分析（PCA）,得到一组新的输入因子,有效的降低了输入维数,然后以新的输入因子作为RBF神经网络的输入,建立RBF神经网络PM10质量浓度预测模型,并对西安市2005年采暖季PM10质量浓度进行了预测,获得较好的拟合和预测效果。     

基于主成分分析与BP神经网络相结合的机床主轴热漂移误差建模

为提高数控机床热误差模型的预测精度,提出了将主成分分析与BP神经网络相结合的主轴热漂移误差的建模和预测方法.使用主成分分析法对多个温度变量进行降维处理或重新组合,将处理后所得较少的主成分变量作为样本输入BP神经网络进行训练而得到主轴热漂移误差模型,并与经过测点优化后以关键点温度作为输入的BP神经网络模型进行对比分析.结果表明：基于主成分分析与BP神经网络相结合的主轴热漂移误差模型的拟合精度较高,残差较小;由于BP神经网络的输入变量较少而使所提出的模型训练速度快、迭代次数少.     

基于主成分分析与BP神经网络的冲击地压预测

冲击地压的发生会对矿山造成巨大的经济损失,预测预报是防治冲击地压的重要组成部分。文章将主成分分析方法与反向传播人工神经网络(即BP神经网络)方法相结合,用于对冲击地压的预测。首先,利用主成分分析法对冲击地压的影响因素进行分析,降低数据的维数。然后,将所得的数据作为BP神经网络的输入数据进行训练,用训练好的神经网络对冲击地压进行预测。预测结果与实际结果的对比表明,利用主成分分析—BP神经网络方法对冲击地压预测是可行的。     

P-C-R模型构建及应用

针对目前预测模型精度低的问题,提出将主成分分析、聚类分析用于RBF神经网络预报建模,从而克服大样本数据提取的困难,使得指标的选取能更全面地反映状况,有效地缩减RBF网络的输入节点数并提高模型的预报精度。利用MATLAB的神经网络工具箱,实现了神经网络训练和仿真验证。仿真结果表明,该模型有较高的预报能力。提出的基于主成分分析和聚类分析的RBF网络预报模型---PCR模型为研究预报提供了一个新的思路和方法,并为其他领域的建模研究开阔了思路,具有一定的理论价值和的应用价值。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to