高硅含量核壳结构有机硅-丙烯酸酯乳液研制

利用水解抑制法和种子乳液聚合法制备高硅含量的核壳结构有机硅改性丙烯酸酯乳液，讨论了影响聚合过程及乳液稳定性的工艺参数．研究表明，核壳乳液克服了普通硅丙乳液聚合的缺点，尤其是提高了乳液的耐水性．     

有机硅丙烯酸酯核-壳乳液的合成

利用有机硅和丙烯酸酯乳液的特点，用有机硅单体对丙烯酸酯进行改性．采用种子乳液聚合法，以丙烯酸异辛酯为壳，MMA为核，MAA、有机硅偶联剂(A-151)为官能性单体。合成了内硬外软的核-壳型有机硅改性丙烯酸的酯乳液，讨论了官能单体、核-壳乳液结构、反应温度、引发剂等对乳液性能的影响．结果表明，质量分数为8．5％的有机硅单体改性的核-壳型硅-丙乳液具有明显的防水性能，并且附着力等性能明显改善。     

乙烯基硅油改性聚丙烯酸酯乳液的合成与性能

以乙烯基硅油与丙烯酸酯进行乳液聚合,合成稳定的有机硅改性聚丙烯酸酯乳液。研究加料方式、反应温度和单体的滴加速度等操作参数对改性乳液及胶膜性能的影响,采用IR谱图、粒径分析等手段对聚合物进行了表征,确定出乳液中最佳有机硅加入量在质量分数为4%~8%之间。     

有机硅改性丙烯酸酯微乳液的聚合研究

采用半连续乳液聚合法合成了有机硅改性丙烯酸酯微乳液.讨论了各聚合条件、有机硅和聚合物浓度等对硅丙微乳液合成的影响,结果表明,乳化剂配比SDS/TMS=4∶1,反应温度65～75℃,电解质用量0 3g时有利于合成平均粒径40～80nm,分布均匀(分散系数<0 2),固质量分数高达35%的硅丙微乳液.TEM,BI-200SMGoniometer观察和测试了乳胶粒形态、大小及分布,FTIR谱图分析表明反应生成了有机硅改性丙烯酸酯聚合物.     

有机硅改性丙烯酸酯微乳液研究进展及其应用

综述了近年来有机硅改性丙烯酸酯微乳液的研究进展,介绍了其制备改性的方法,着重讨论了有机硅单体种类及用量、乳化剂、功能单体等因素对有机硅改性丙烯酸酯微乳液聚合及其性能的影响。     

可聚合乳化剂合成含氟丙烯酸酯无皂乳液

以甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)、甲基丙烯酸六氟丁酯(HFMA)等为主要原料,采用预乳化种子乳液聚合法制备了含氟丙烯酸酯无皂乳液,考察了可聚合乳化剂烯丙氧基壬基酚聚氧乙烯(10)醚硫酸铵(DNS-86)和HFMA的用量对无皂乳液的电解质稳定性和涂膜耐水性的影响。利用傅立叶红外光谱(FT-IR)、差示量热扫描仪(DSC)及热重分析(TG)对氟丙乳液涂膜进行了表征。结果表明：与传统乳液聚合得到的乳液及相应的涂膜相比,无皂乳液的耐电解质性能和涂膜的耐水性都有一定的提高,含氟单体有效地参与了聚合,涂膜的疏水性大大增强,耐热性显著提高。     

AOPA用于高固含量稳定无皂乳液聚合的研究

选用自行合成的β－丙烯酰氧基丙酸（ＡＯＰＡ）用于甲基丙烯酸甲酯（ＭＭＡ）／丙烯酸丁酯（ＢＡ）无皂乳液聚合体系,合成了固含量为６０％ 的稳定乳液,并对相应的共聚物的物理性能进行研究．实验结果表明：乳胶粒粒径在０．３～０．４５μｍ 左右,随ＡＯＰＡ 用量的增加而减小;乳液聚合过程和储存过程稳定,无沉淀产生;共聚物呈无规共聚结构,只存在单一的玻璃化转变温度峰;和常规乳液聚合相比,无皂乳液聚合显著地提高了共聚物的拉伸强度、粘接强度及耐水性,拉伸强度与粘接强度随ＡＯＰＡ 用量的增加而增大,耐水性则随其用量的增加略有降低．另外,与加入丙烯酸的无皂乳液聚合体系比较,ＡＯＰＡ 更具有共聚性,为共聚物提供更好的柔韧性及粘接性能．     

高固含量稳定无皂乳液聚合的研究--MMA/BA/MAA(AA)无皂乳液聚合体系

烯烃基甘油醚磺酸盐 ( AGES)与甲基丙烯酸 ( MAA)或丙烯酸 ( AA)用于甲基丙烯酸甲酯 ( MMA) /丙烯酸丁酯 ( BA)无皂乳液聚合体系 .对乳胶粒大小、乳液的流体力学行为 ,共聚物的动态力学性能、拉伸行为及耐水性进行了研究 .实验结果表明 :通过同时加入两种可聚单体 ,可获得含量高达 60 %的稳定无皂乳液 ,乳液为 Bingham流体 ,乳胶粒大小为 0 .4μm左右 ,所得共聚物的拉伸强度大 ,耐水性好 .     

有机硅-丙烯酸酯超耐候性外墙涂料的研制

以三甲基氯硅烷改性后的MATS和丙烯酸酯类化合物为共聚单体，合成出了有机硅质量分数达35％的硅—丙乳液，以此乳液为基料配制的乳胶涂料具有优良的耐候性、耐水性、耐擦洗性和耐沾污性等性能，研究了原料配比对有机硅氧烷改性产物的影响，以及乳化剂种类及用量、反应温度及时间、加料方式等因素对乳液稳定性的影响。     

有机硅改性丙烯酸酯系乳液的制备及性能

通过半连续预乳化法,用八甲基环四硅氧烷(D4)和γ-甲基丙烯酰氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH570)对苯丙聚合物乳液进行改性。探讨D4开环聚合催化剂十二烷基苯磺酸(DBSA)的加入方式和引发剂、KH570、D4及丙烯酸羟乙酯(HEA)的用量对乳液性能的影响。当催化剂DBSA全部加入到底料中时,有利于稳定乳液的制备。确定了制备稳定的有机硅改性丙烯酸酯乳液的最佳组分,对乳胶膜的力学性能和耐水性进行了表征。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.