2型糖尿病患者血清脂蛋白(a)水平变化对肾功能的影响

目的:探讨2型糖尿病血清脂蛋白(a)水平变化对肾功能的影响以及降低脂蛋白(a)水平在防治早期糖尿病肾病(DN)进展中的意义.方法:(1)根据尿白蛋白排泄率(UAER)测定结果将132例糖尿病患者分为单纯DM组(56例)和早期DN组76例,比较上述两组和正常对照组(56例)的脂蛋白(a)水平;(2)将76例早期DN患者随机分为两组,对照组(30例)子常规治疗,治疗组(46例)在常规治疗基础上每晚服用阿托伐他汀20mg.分别于治疗前和治疗后6周末检测脂蛋白(a)、FBG、UAER和血肌酐,分析脂蛋白(a)水平变化与早期DN进展之间的关系.结果:(1)单纯DM组脂蛋白(a)水平与正常对照组比较无显著性差异(P＞0.05),早期DN组血清脂蛋白(a)水平明显高于正常对照组和单纯DM组(P＜0.01),脂蛋白(a)水平与UAER呈直线正相关(P＜0.01).(2)治疗组血清脂蛋白(a)水平显著降低(P＜0.01),且随着脂蛋白(a)水平的下降,UAER和血肌酐亦同步下降.结论:血清脂蛋白(a)水平升高与DN进展有关,降低血清脂蛋白(a)水平能有效减少早期DN患者的尿蛋白排泄,延缓肾功能减退.     

TRF,Cys-C,RBP和Hcy联合检测对糖尿病肾病的早期诊断价值

目的探讨联合检测尿转铁蛋白(TRF)、血清胱抑素C(Cys-C)、视黄醇结合蛋白(RBP)和同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)对糖尿病肾病(DN)的早期诊断价值.方法依据糖尿病诊断标准和24 h尿白蛋白排泄率(UAER)的检查结果,将早期糖尿病肾病(DN)微量蛋白尿组患者40例(30 mg/24 h≤UAER≤300 mg/24 h)作为观察组A组,临床蛋白尿组患者40例(UAER300 mg/24 h)作为观察组B组,同期健康体检者40例作为对照组.比较3组TRF,Cys-C,RBP和Hcy水平.结果 1)TRF,Cys-C,RBP和Hcy在A,B组中明显升高,与正常对照组比较,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05).2)TRF,Cys-C,RBP和Hcy在B组中明显升高,与A组和对照组比较,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05).结论 TRF,Cys-C,RBP和Hcy联合检测对于早期糖尿病肾病(DN)的诊断具有重要意义.     

2型糖尿病肾病患者红细胞膜上钠-钾ATP酶活性的变化

为了解2型糖尿病肾病(diabetic nephropathy,DN)不同时期红细胞膜上Na+-K+-ATP酶活性变化,为临床诊断、治疗提供理论依据,按尿白蛋白排泄率(urinary albumin excretion rate,UAER)将已确诊为2型糖尿病的51例患者分为3组糖尿病正常白蛋白尿组(DM1组),微量白蛋白尿组(DM2组),大量白蛋白尿组(DM3组);20例健康人作为对照组,男性11例,女性9例,平均年龄58.27±10.89岁.将对照组及实验组抽血做红细胞膜Na+-K+-ATP酶活性检测.结果表明DN各组红细胞膜Na+-K+-ATP酶活性较对照组均显著降低(均为P=0.000).说明DN患者红细胞膜Na+-K+-ATP酶活性下降,控制血糖、维持Na+-K+-ATP酶活性对改善DN预后有十分重要的意义.     

血管紧张素Ⅰ转化酶多态性与内蒙古地区2型糖尿病及合并肾病的关系

为研究内蒙古地区汉族ACE基因第16内含子多态性与糖尿病及合并肾病的相关性.利用PCR技术检测内蒙古地区86例汉族对照组、2型糖尿病(type2 diabetec mellitus,T2DM)不伴有肾病患者(nephropathies,DN-)和T2DM合并肾病患者(DN+)的ACE基因第16内含子是否存在插入、缺失(I/D)多态性.结果表明.对照组与DN-组比较,I/D基因型和等位基因频率均没有统计学意义(P>0.05);对照组与DN+组比较,I/D基因型和等位基因频率均有统计学意义;DN+组的ACE基因DD型基因频率和等位基因D显著大于对照组和DN-组,有统计学意义(P<0.05),这表明在内蒙古地区2型糖尿病患者中存在AcE基因第16内含子插入/缺失多态,D等位基因的出现使DN发生的相对危险增加,与Ⅱ基因型相比,基因型为ID、DD的DM患者并发DN的可能性增加.     

2型糖尿病肾病患者血清一氧化氮、超氧化物歧化酶的变化及相关分析

对2型糖尿病肾病(diabetic nephropathy,DN)不同时期血清一氧化氮(nitric oxide,NO)、血清总超氧化物歧化酶(superoxi dedismutase,SOD)进行检测,探讨二者间的相互关系,为临床诊断、治疗提供理论依据。按尿白蛋白排泄率(urinary albumin excretion rate,UAER)将已确诊为2型糖尿病的51例患者分为3组：糖尿病正常白蛋白尿组(DM1组);微量白蛋白尿组(DM2组);大量白蛋白尿组(DM3组)。20例健康人作为对照组,对照组及实验组抽血做血清NO、SOD检测。结果显示：DM1、DM2组血清NO较对照组显著增高(均为P=0．000),DM3组较对照组降低(P=0．024),DM1、DM2组较DM3组血清NO水平增高(均为P=0．000);DN各组血清总SOD均较对照组降低,但以DM2、DM3组降低显著(均为P=0．000);NO与SOD正相关(r=0．607,P=0．000)。表明,1)NO在DN早期增高,晚期降低。在DN早期减少NO合成,晚期增加NO合成,对减缓DN进展有重要意义。2)血清总SOD在DN是降低的,抗氧化治疗可能在DN防治中占重要地位。3)DN患者血清NO与总SOD间存在密切相关性。     

Cys-C、Hcy、hs-CRP及mAlb/Cr检测在2型糖尿病肾病诊断中的临床应用价值

探讨胱抑素C(Cys-C)、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、超敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)及尿微量白蛋白/肌酐(mAlb/Cr)检测在2型糖尿病肾病诊断的临床使用价值。选取2016年9月-2018年5月收治的90例2型糖尿病患者作为观察对象,分为单纯糖尿病组(30例)、早期糖尿病肾病组(30例)、临床糖尿病肾病组(30例)。另随机选取30名同期健康体检者作为对照组,检测4组患者血清Cys-C、Hcy、hs-CRP、mAlb、Cr指标,并对比检测结果。单纯糖尿病组、早期糖尿病肾病组、临床糖尿病肾病组的Cys-C、Hcy、hs-CRP、(mAlb/Cr)均明显高于对照组,组间差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);早期糖尿病肾病组、临床糖尿病肾病组血清Cys-C、Hcy、hs-CRP水平及(m Alb/Cr)显著高于单纯糖尿病组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);Cys-C、Hcy、hs-CRP、(mAlb/Cr)四者单独检测阳性率均低于联合检测,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);Cys-C和Hcy与24h尿微量白蛋白呈正相关。血清Cys-C、Hcy、hs-CRP、(mAlb/Cr)联合检测对2型糖尿病肾病的早期诊断具有一定的价值。     

HbA1 c、血小板活化标志物在糖尿病及其并发症诊断和监测中的作用

目的检测糖尿病及其并发症患者糖化血红蛋白及血小板活化标志物CD62P,PAC-1,TXB2的含量,探讨这些指标与糖尿病及其并发症的关系,阐明糖化血红蛋白及血小板活化标志物在糖尿病并发症的诊断及监测中的作用.方法选择糖尿病患者50例(单纯糖尿病20例,糖尿病并发症30例),正常对照50例,分别检测糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c),CD62P,PAC-1及TXB2等生化指标,并进行统计学分析.结果单纯糖尿病组、糖尿病并发症组及正常对照组HbA1c的浓度分别是(6.81±1.12)%,(7.77±1.31)%及(3.0±0.39)%,单纯糖尿病组及糖尿病并发症组的HbA1c浓度明显高于正常对照组;单纯糖尿病组及糖尿病并发症组的CD62P,PAC-1及TXB2水平也明显高于正常对照组,且糖尿病并发症组的上述血小板活化标志物指标高于单纯糖尿病组.结论HbA1c、血小板活化标志物对糖尿病及其并发症的诊断具有重要的作用,监测血小板活化标志物的变化可预测糖尿病并发症的发生、发展,对于早期防治糖尿病并发症具有重要意义.     

伊贝沙坦对高血压合并糖尿病患者早期肾功能损害的干预研究

目的探讨高血压(EH)和糖尿病(DM)早期肾功能损害的测定指标,观察伊贝沙坦对EH和DM患者早期肾损害的影响.方法将60例EH合并DM患者按病程分为A组(病程＜3年),B组(病程3～5年),C组(病程＞5年)三组,分别测量三组患者的尿β2微球蛋白(β2-mG)、微量白蛋白(Alb)水平,同时与50名健康人作对照;将60例患者按入选顺序,随机分为伊贝沙坦组和依那普利组,观察治疗前后尿β2-mG、Alb的变化.结果EH合并DM患者尿β2-mG、Alb明显高于正常人(P＜.05或P＜0.01).尿β2-mG、Alb水平随糖尿病病程升高,其升高顺序为C组＞B组＞A组,伊贝沙坦与依那普利均有降低患者尿β2-mG、Alb的作用,但伊贝沙坦优于依那普利(P＜0.05).结论尿β1-mG、Alb是诊断EH和DM患者早期肾损害的敏感指标,伊贝沙坦有明显的改善EH和DM患者的早期肾功能作用.     

伊贝沙坦对高血压合并糖尿病患者早期肾功能损害的干预研究

目的探讨高血压(EH)和糖尿病(DM)早期肾功能损害的测定指标,观察伊贝沙坦对EH和DM患者早期肾损害的影响.方法将60例EH合并DM患者按病程分为A组(病程＜3年),B组(病程3～5年),C组(病程＞5年)三组,分别测量三组患者的尿β2微球蛋白(β2-mG)、微量白蛋白(Alb)水平,同时与50名健康人作对照;将60例患者按入选顺序,随机分为伊贝沙坦组和依那普利组,观察治疗前后尿β2-mG、Alb的变化.结果EH合并DM患者尿β2-mG、Alb明显高于正常人(P＜.05或P＜0.01).尿β2-mG、Alb水平随糖尿病病程升高,其升高顺序为C组＞B组＞A组,伊贝沙坦与依那普利均有降低患者尿β2-mG、Alb的作用,但伊贝沙坦优于依那普利(P＜0.05).结论尿β1-mG、Alb是诊断EH和DM患者早期肾损害的敏感指标,伊贝沙坦有明显的改善EH和DM患者的早期肾功能作用.     

血清胱抑素C(CystaiC)在糖尿病肾功能损害诊断中的临床意义

探讨内源性标志物血清胱抑素C(cystatin C,Cys C)在评价糖尿病肾脏病(DN)中的价值,寻找理想的反映肾小球滤过率(GFR)的敏感指标。2012年4月至2013年8月收集兰州市第一人民医院肾病科患糖尿病肾病(DN)的患者102例,健康体检组80例,分别进行检测血清Cys C水平,血肌酐(Scr)和尿素氮,并计算内生肌酐清除率(Ccr),比较Cys C、Scr、Sur与Ccr的相关性。血清Cys C比血肌酐、尿素氮、肌酐清除率等目前常用的肾功能检测项目有更高的灵敏度和特异性,且操作简单,干扰因素较少,不仅在早期诊断肾小球损伤滤过功能上有重要作用,而且在糖尿病合并肾功能损害等疾病中有很好的临床价值。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to