吉林市社区老年人生活满意度及其影响因素研究

目的分析探讨吉林市社区老年人的生活满意度及其影响因素.方法应用生活满意度指数LSIA量表对484名社区老年人的生活满意度水平进行调查与分析.结果吉林市社区老年人群生活满意度指数(LSIA)平均得分为(22.94±8.65)分.多元逐步回归分析结果提示,影响老年人生活满意度的重要因素是经济收入、心理状况、健康自评、行动能力、消极感受、食欲等.结论应从心理、躯体和社会等方面采取综合措施,才能提高社区老年人的整体健康水平.     

北京市社区居住老年人社会支持度量及其影响因素研究

社会支持指老年人在所处的社会网络之中能够获得的一切物质及精神支持的总和.本研究的目的为探讨老龄人口社会支持资源的度量及其影响因素.基于2013年对居住在北京市城六区老年人进行的374份有效问卷的调查数据,采用修订的社会支持评定量表对老年人社会支持评分,采用二元逻辑回归方法对老年人社会支持资源及其影响效果进行分析.研究结果发现北京市老年人社会支持总分为22.09±3.78(总分值48分,得分率46.02%).Logistic回归分析结果显示,自评心理健康状况较差,居家养老满意度更高且有配偶的男性社区居住老年人更有可能获得较高的社会支持资源.从社会支持的客观支持、主观支持和利用度三维度来看:同住人数越多,居住在城市功能核心区,对子女看望满意度越高的、有配偶的男性老年人更有可能获得较高的客观社会支持;不具有工具性日常生活能力、自评心理健康较差的男性社区居住老年人更有可能获得较高的主观社会支持;收入较高的社区居住老年人对社会支持的利用度更高.影响社区居住老年人的因素主要分为人口社会学因素、健康状况因素和生活满意度因素,这3类因素对社会支持资源(包括主观支持、客观支持、利用度)的影响各有侧重.均衡老年人社会支持资源的性别差异、关注心理健康、维护良好的婚姻状况、提升居家养老满意度可以有效提升社会支持.     

社区卫生服务与老年人生存质量的多元回归分析

目的:探索影响老年人生存质量的危险因素,为改善老年人生存质量寻找方法和提供依据。方法:利用SF-36量表描述徐州市社区老年人生存质量现状,用多元回归分析影响生存质量的危险因素。结果:有无社区医院、步行时间、是否设有医生公告牌、一年内去社区医院就诊次数、社区医院的医护人员家访频率均与社区老人生存质量有关。结论:加强社区医院投入力度、转变社区医院服务模式有助于提高老年人生存质量。     

社会资本与晚年健康——老年人健康不平等的实证研究

利用2008年全国综合社会调查数据,对老年人群健康不平等的社会经济因素进行回归分析,目的在于检验社会资本的积累对老年人健康的影响。分析结果显示扩展的家庭网络、生命历程中工作变换的频率、自评所属社会阶级和自评家庭所处经济地位对晚年健康有着显著的影响。前两个影响因素作为个人社会资本的测量带有明显的转型中国社会特征,因而对它们与老年人健康之间关系的理解需要限定在对当代中国老年人的研究;相对而言,后两个影响因素作为社区社会资本的测量则更具有解释普遍现象的能力,因为它们与老年人健康之间的关系再次证实了一些基本社会学理论观点。此研究的发现有助于人们认识社会因素影响健康差异的机制和过程。     

烟台市芝罘区老年人生活自理能力状况调查

了解老年人的生活自理能力,对于搞好老年人的医疗与保健具有重要意义。本文通过对烟台市芝罘区245位老年人的实地调查资料,从社会学的角度分析了烟台市芝罘区老年人的生活自理状况,并且考察了不同因素对芝罘区老年人生活自理能力的影响。调查结果发现芝罘区老年人的生活自理能力与年龄、婚姻状况、学历、收入水平和健康自评有关,年龄较低的、有老伴的、学历水平较高的、收入水平较高的老年人的生活自理能力相对较好,健康自评较好的老年人生活自理能力较好。     

郴州市部分中小学教师生活质量及其影响因素研究

目的了解中小学教师生活质量及其影响因素。方法采用分层整群抽样方法，应用一般情况问卷、世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表简表（WHOQOL-BREF）、社会支持评定量表、焦虑自评量表（SAS）和抑郁自评量表（SDS）对某市622名中小学教师进行调查。结果男教师在社会关系领域、环境领域和总的生存质量、对支持的利用度及抑郁总分得分均低于女教师（P＜0.05）；各年龄组教师在生活质量各维度、社会支持各维度、焦虑得分和抑郁得分等差别均无统计学意义；自评健康的教师在生活质量各领域、支持利用度得分高于自评非健康的教师，焦虑量表得分则低于自评非健康的教师（P＜0.05）；多因素分析表明，影响中小学教师生活质量的主要因素有：工作满意度、经济满意度、自评健康状况、婚姻满意度、娱乐时间长短、住房满意度和与同事关系等（P＜0.05）。结论中小学教师生活质量受多因素影响，应采取针对性措施改善中小学教师的生活质量。     

社区高血压患者疲劳影响因素的通径分析

为了解社区高血压患者疲劳的影响因素,采用疲劳严重度量表、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表、抑郁自评量表、焦虑自评量表、家庭关怀度指数和婚姻满意度问卷调查528名社区高血压患者。45.3%高血压患者有疲劳问题。Logistic回归分析,年龄、睡眠质量、焦虑、抑郁、家庭功能和婚姻满意度与疲劳有关（OR=1.031、2.198、4.003、4.805、1.693、2.230）。通径分析,抑郁、焦虑、睡眠质量和年龄是导致疲劳的直接因素,家庭功能、婚姻满意度和家庭经济通过中间变量间接影响疲劳。结果表明,诸多因素导致高血压患者疲劳,应采取综合措施防治。     

社区老年人就医行为的现状及影响因素——以湘西土家族苗族自治州为例

为探讨社区老年人的就医行为,提高社区卫生服务质量,采用文献资料与问卷调查,对湘西土家族苗族自治州485名60岁及以上居民为例进行调研.研究结果表明,身体初感不适立即就医者占43.7%,就诊为了疾病诊断与治疗者占57.3%,为健康体检者占7.6%;首诊选择三级医院者占6.2%,选择社区卫生服务中心者占32.2%;影响医院选择最主要的因素是医疗质量、就诊方便程度及医疗安全,分别占33.6%,34.4%,14.4%.湘西自治州少数民族地区老年人就医行为存在就医延迟,保健意识低,社区卫生服务中心的地位得到初步认可但不能完全满足该地区老年人的需要等问题.针对这些现状提出提高社区卫生服务中心的医疗质量水平、延伸医疗服务时间、注重医疗安全、优化就医流程、加强健康服务意识及功能宣传等相应对策.     

城市社区老年人健康素养现状及影响因素分析

目的 探究在社区老年居民中的健康素养现状和影响因素进行分析。方法 将《中国居民健康素养调查问卷》进行应用参考,并将相关研究对象和现状进行确认,并将老年慢性病应用其中,促进调查问卷的完善,选取该社区年纪在65岁以上的老年居民,对其健康素养现状和相关影响因素进行有效分析。结果 所有老年人中,在基本知识和理念方面的所占概率为12.00%,在健康生活方式与行为方面所占的比例则为14.00%,而在基本技能方面所具备的健康素养比例为30.00%,老年人在健康素养问题回答方面的回答,其结果显示,正确率在30.00%以下的问题主要表现为慢性病预防。结论 在给予患者社区健康干预后,老年人对健康知识的获取和积累得以增加,老年人的健康素养水平将直接影响到老年的人健康行为,将其健康素养进行提高,有利于将老年人的晚年生活质量进行有效增强。     

广州某社区老年人皮肤病现状及其影响因素

目的:探讨广州某社区老年人皮肤病现状及其相关影响因素,为有效防治老年人皮肤病提供理论依据.方法:对广州某社区60岁以上老年人群进行现况调查和体格检查,应用SPSS建立数据库,通过单因素(t检验、2检验)以及多因素(Logistic回归)等方法分析老年人皮肤病现状及影响因素.结果:经专科医师体检确认,200例被调查者中,98例患有皮肤病,患病率为49.00%,两种或两种以上皮肤病的检出率为46.95%.常见皮肤病变包括皮肤瘙痒症(21.50%)以及脂溢性角化病(20.50%).老年人皮肤病影响因素各异,酗酒、户外工作以及家族皮肤病史分别是其常见危险因素.结论:广州某社区老年人皮肤病多发、影响因素复杂,建议相关行政主管部门和社区卫生服务机构应采取针对性的措施,增强对老年人皮肤病的防治.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-