借贷利率不同的效用最大化投资组合比较

提出了允许卖空和不允许卖空2种情况下含有无风险资产且借贷利率不同的效用最大化的投资组合模型.在允许卖空情况下,运用拉格朗日乘数法和Sherman-morrison方程求出效用最大化投资组合的最优投资策略,并证明了其有效前沿与均值-方差投资组合的有效前沿相同.在不允许卖空情况下,运用不等式组的旋转算法进行求解.该算法避免了通常处理二次规划问题所需的松弛变量、剩余变量和人工变量,因而操作更为简便,计算效率也更高.最后,以1个具体例子比较2种模型,并得到以下结论：在2种情况下,风险偏好系数在整个取值范围内都能够较好地反映投资者对收益和风险的选择态度,而且含无风险资产的借贷拓展了投资机会空间.     

资产收益率的相关系数为常数的开放式基金的投资组合

基于开放式基金的特征,运用单指数模型分析了在风险资产常值相关的情况下开放式基金的最优投资组合,并讨论了不允许卖空的情况下风险资产常值相关时开放式基金的最优投资组合.     

均值-半绝对偏差投资组合优化研究

为了验证投资组合理论在中国证券市场的有效性,针对不允许卖空情况,研究了均值-半绝对偏差投资组合模型,并运用线性规划的旋转算法进行求解.选取1998-2000年沪市六只业绩较好的股票,依据1998-1999年的数据作为样本数据,求出模型在不同期望收益率下的最优投资策略,将得出的最优投资策略应用到2000年,进行模拟投资,从而计算出各模型的总收益率.     

一类摩擦市场的最优投资组合及其算法研究

以最优投资组合的选择问题为研究对象，在市场存在摩擦的情况下，通过构筑各种有价证券的头寸来最好地符合投资者的收益和风险的权衡。在理论上，将Markowitz均值一方差模型的最优化设置推广到了带交易费和不允许卖空时的情形；并从实践的角度出发，针对投资者的效用函数不明确的困境，提出了交互式方法，很好地解决了这一问题，从而在理论和实践上完整地解决了在摩擦市场中寻找最优投资组合的问题。     

负债下摩擦市场不允许卖空时的最优投资组合

用极大极小模型讨论了在负债下,存在税收、红利和交易费等摩擦因素影响时不允许卖空时的两阶段投资组合最优化选择问题,分析了该模型的某些特征.尤其是,当风险资产互不相关时给出了解的表达式和一个有效的算法.     

BVaR风险度量下限制性卖空的单位风险收益最大投资组合模型

在BVaR风险度量下,提出了限制性卖空的单位风险收益最大投资组合模型,通过罚函数处理机制将模型转化成无约束优化问题,然后运用自适应差分进化算法进行求解.实证分析表明该算法是有效的,将限制性卖空引入到投资组合模型中,有助于扩展投资机会空间,增强市场效率,降低市场风险.     

基于均值-CVaR- 熵的社保基金最优投资组合模型

为研究社保基金最优投资组合问题,在借鉴现代投资组合理论的基础上,从证券投资组合理论的风险度量着手,用条件在险价值（Conditional Value at Risk,CVaR）和熵来共同度量风险,提出新的风险度量模型：均值-CVaR-熵模型。在保证投资组合收益率的前提下,以 CVaR 和叉熵函数的线性组合为最小目标函数,在险价值（Value at Risk,VaR）为约束条件,构建考虑交易成本和政策约束下不允许卖空的基于均值 CVaR 熵的社保基金投资组合模型,探讨社保基金的投资方式及投资比例的分配问题,并利用实际数据求得该模型的最优解及各资产的分配比例。结果表明多元化投资是我国社保基金投资实现保值增值目的的必然选择。     

摩擦市场下多阶段投资组合的均值方差模型

研究税收、红利和新型交易成本下摩擦市场的多阶段均值-方差模型的投资组合问题。在允许卖空的情况下,以终端财富最大化为目标,通过建立辅助问题,利用逆序动态规划的求解方法,得到了各阶段的最优投资策略解析表达式,同时也得到了均值方差有效前沿的解析表达式。     

企业负债投资的有效边界及其动态性质

讨论在不允许卖空的限制条件下负债企业的组合投资问题,建立了最优组合投资的选择模型,给出了负债企业最优的投资策略以及投资的有效边界,重点研究了有效边界的静态性质,以及当企业的负债发生变化时有效边界和最优投资策略的动态性质.     

基于VaR约束不允许卖空的均值-方差投资组合优化

提出基于风险价值(VaR)约束且不允许卖空的均值-方差投资组合模型,结合序列二次规划方法和不等式组的旋转算法,计算出不同最低收益率所对应的最优投资策略。采用实例验证了上述算法的有效性,并证明在一定条件下,引入VaR约束条件可以降低投资风险。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-