嘌呤的电化学还原及其动力学参数测定

根据完全不可逆过程的循环伏安理论测定了嘌呤的动力学参数．嘌呤２个峰的电子传递系数α分别为０．５和０．３,标准异相速度常数ｋｓ分别为４×１０－２ｃｍ／ｓ和２×１０－３ｃｍ／ｓ,峰电位处的正向电子传递速度常数ｋ（Ｅｐ）分别为６×１０－３ｃｍ／ｓ和５×１０－３ｃｍ／ｓ．为了估计测定这些参数的误差,定义了电化学还原过程的可逆性因子ｆｒ,并进行定理计算．２个峰的ｆｒ分别为０．６和７×１０－４,ｆｒ的大小说明测定这些参数所引入的误差较小．研究结果表明,α、ｋｓ及ｆｒ与嘌呤浓度（ｃ＊０）、线性电位扫描速度（ｖ）及ｐＨ无关;ｋ（Ｅｐ）、ｃ＊ｏ与ｐＨ无关,而与ｖ有关．动力学参数说明峰Ⅰ是准可逆过程,峰Ⅱ是完全不可逆过程,且峰Ⅰ的电子传递速度比峰Ⅱ大．     

在铅笔芯电极上Zn（Ⅱ）伏安特性的研究

本文用铅笔芯制成的电极（ＰＣＥ），与玻碳电极（ＧＣＥ）比较，研究了Ｚｎ（Ⅱ）的阶梯循环伏安法（ＣＳＶ）、阶梯阳极溶出伏安法（ＡＳＳＶ）和差分脉冲阳极溶出法（ＡＳＤＰＶ）等的伏安特性。实验指出，ＰＣＥ与ＧＣＥ有相似的伏安特性曲线，且具有较好的重视性和选择性。由于ＰＣＥ较ＧＣＥ的结构疏松，电极表面积较大，故ＰＣＥ的灵敏度ＲＧＣＥ高。其阳极溶出法的最低检出限可达到５×１０－６ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１的Ｚｎ（Ⅱ），Ｚｎ（Ⅱ）的浓度在３．６×１０－４～８×１０－６ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１范围内与峰电流呈良好的线性关系。     

苄基紫精在金,铂电极上的伏安特性

用循环伏安法研究了磷酸盐缓冲溶液（ＰＨ６．８）中苄基紫精（ＢＶ＾２＋）在金铂电极上的伏安特性。考察了电位扫描下限（ＥＬ），扫描速度（Ｖ），ＢＶ＾２＋浓度等因素对ＢＶ＾２＋电极过程的影响。在－０．４～０．９Ｖ（ｖｓ．ＳＣＥ）电位区，ＢＶ＾２＋的还原表现为两个阴极峰。当ＥＬ正于第二个还原峰电位Ｅ＾Ⅱｐｃ时表现为可逆的ＢＶ＾２＋／＾＋氧化还原过程。当ＥＬ负于Ｅ＾Ⅱｐｃ时，生成完全还原产物一中性紫精ＢＶｏ     

两层 CPO 修饰电极的制备及其应用

电化学方法制备聚L－赖氨酸膜（PLL）修饰的玻碳电极上固定氯过氧化物酶,利用循环伏安法研究了修饰电极的电化学行为．修饰一层和两层的CPO修饰电极上均观察到CPO直接可逆的电子传递,其中,修饰两层CPO的电极（CPO／PLL）2／GC的氧化还原峰电流较为明显;氧气饱和的缓冲溶液中的循环伏安曲线显示,（CPO／PLL）2／GC电极上氧的还原峰电流显著增大,且还原峰电位相对于修饰一层CPO的电极正移了150mV,表明修饰两层CPO的电极对氧还原具有更好的电催化效应．（CPO／PLL）2／GC修饰电极应用于原位产生过氧化氢催化苯甲硫醚的反应,得到了目标产物苯甲亚砜,产物的量随电解催化反应时间的增加而增大．实验结果为开发环保、绿色的生物酶催化有机合成反应提供了新思路．     

N，N，N＇，N＇－四（2＇－苯并咪唑甲基）－1，4－二乙氨基乙二醚－联吡啶－铜三元络合物与二氧反应的电化学行为

用循环伏安法描述了三元络合物Ｃｕ２（ＥＧＴＢ）（ｂｐｙ）Ｃｌ４·８Ｈ２Ｏ（以下以Ｃｕ２（Ⅱ）Ｌ代）与二氧的反应．在含０．１ｍｏｌ·ｄｍ－３四丁基高氯酸铵的ＤＭＦ溶液中加入Ｃｕ２Ｌ,使得Ｏ２／Ｏ２－的可逆伏安图发生变化对。Ｏ２的Ｉｐ．ｃ增大,并在比Ｏ２还原电势更正的地方产生一新峰．当［Ｃｕ２Ｌ］大约为２．４ｍｍｏｌ·ｄｍ－３时,仅存在唯—一个峰且基本不变．结果表明Ｃｕ２Ｌ能与Ｏ２－反应产生Ｏ２,有良好的超氧化物歧化酶性质．     

环糊精聚合物修饰电极的制备及电化学行为

通过交联合成β-环糊精聚合物(β-CDP)制备碳糊化学修饰电极.采用循环伏安法测定对硝基苯酚在β-CDP修饰碳糊电极上的伏安行为.结果表明:对硝基苯酚在pH=5.0,c(NH4Cl)=0.1 mol·L-1的缓冲溶液中,测得循环伏安曲线上有一不可逆的还原电流峰,经与未修饰的碳糊电极上测得的循环伏安行为对比确认, β-C...     

Cu(Ⅱ)-α-氨基酸配合物溶液在金电极上的电化学行为

在金电极上,用循环伏安法对Cu(Ⅱ)与甘氨酸(Gly)、亮氨酸(Leu)和组氨酸(His)3种α-氨基酸形成的二元及混配配合物溶液的电化学行为进行了初步研究,并讨论了不同介质的影响.研究结果表明,在-0.20- 0.60V或-0.10- 0.60V(vs.SCE)电位范围内,以KNO3介质或磷酸盐缓冲溶液(pH=7.2)为底液时,Cu(Ⅱ)及其配合物的循环伏安曲线都出现了一对稳定的氧化还原峰,从峰电位可知,此对氧化还原峰应为Cu(Ⅱ)还原为Cu(Ⅰ)的电极反应过程.     

离子液体EMBF4中对硝基甲苯电还原的研究

采用循环伏安法研究了离子液体EMBF4(1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸)中对硝基甲苯在微铂电极上的电还原特性.实验结果表明:在EMBF4中,对硝基甲苯能够进行电还原反应,随着对硝基甲苯浓度增加,循环伏安曲线峰1和峰2的峰电位负移,峰电流增加;随着电解液中水浓度的增加,循环伏安曲线峰1峰电位正向移动,峰2峰电位负向移动,峰1和峰2的峰电流都增大;对硝基甲苯在离子液体EMBF4的电还原过程中扩散是其主要的控制步骤.     

壳聚糖-Nafion固载氯化血红素在水性介质中的电催化性能

采用壳聚糖（Cs）水溶胶体系,借助Nafion,将氯化血红素（Hm）修饰在金电极上,构建Cs—Hm-Nation／Au电极．在0．02MPBS（PH7．2）缓冲溶液中,通过循环伏安扫描,可以直接检测到Hm的氧化还原峰,还原峰电流与扫速的平方根成正比．考察了修饰电极对H2O2的催化还原及对H2O2氧化对苯二胺（PPDA）反应体系的催化作用．结果表明：Cs—Hm—Nation／Au电极可以催化H2O2的还原,电极的催化电流与H2O2浓度在一定范围呈线性响应．对H2O2-PPDA体系,Cs—Hm-Nation／Au电极可以检测到可逆的氧化还原峰,表明修饰电极可以实现PPDA被H2O2的可逆氧化,Hm起到了过氧化氢模拟酶的作用．     

可逆循环伏安法电流函数的一种新算法

提出可逆过程循环伏安曲线的积分形式精确解,用Gauss-Legendre 求积公式解出正反向循环伏安曲线,讨论各种因素对伏安曲线、峰电流、峰电位的影响。同时对某些用于半积分电流公式验算。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.