流媒体通信控制策略研究

介绍了一种新的基于缓冲区管理的网络拥塞控制方法,该控制方法通过监测网络状态变化和客户端缓冲区状态,动态调整服务器端的发送速率,能够有效提高服务质量．结果表明该方法在流媒体网络传输中能够取得很好的效果．     

基于跨层协同的MANET网络拥塞控制算法仿真研究

移动自组织网络MANET因大量数据包发送、节点信道同步适应和动态无线拓扑变化等原因,易发生传输拥塞.传统拥塞控制的主动式队列管理算法,如拥塞随机早期检测算法(Random Early Detection,RED),根据缓存占用情况监测和判断拥塞,无法适应MANET网络MAC层信道监控发送的特点.针对这一问题,基于链路层MAC802.11的RTS/CTS重传机制,结合网络层缓存占用情况检测网络拥塞,提出IRED(ImprovedRED)算法,该算法通过跨层协同的机制实现拥塞控制.最后,通过NS2网络仿真工具验证IRED算法的性能.实验结果表明,IRED较传统算法在吞吐率、延时和传输抖动等性能上都有显著提高.     

一种适用于DTN网络的主动避免拥塞控制策略

由于DTN网络的异步传输模式,DTN网络节点中存储着大量的冗余信息副本,导致网络拥塞．为解决这一问题,笔者在BinarySprayandWait协议的基础上提出一种主动删除冗余副本的拥塞控制策略：AAC策略,该策略通过ACK索引表及保留权值及时避免或消除拥塞现象．通过在ONE平台下的仿真模拟实验,表明该策略可以更好的提升网络吞吐量、降低丢包率、提高网络交付率等性能指标．     

基于主动感知的HAPs网络拥塞控制算法研究

临近空间(HAPs)网络通信是近年空间网络研究领域的热点,本文研究了临近空间网络的拥塞控制问题。文章首先介绍临近空间网络的基本结构,分析了临近空间网络通信的特点。通过传统TCP拥塞控制算法的分析,研究了临近空间网络环境拥塞控制算法改进方向,提出了一种基于主动感知的临近空间网络环境拥塞控制算法—N坚持算法,通信双方通过重复发送探路数据包N次感知链路状态,再根据拥塞适应策略调节发送速率。最后利用OPNET平台下对本文算法和TCP拥塞控制算法性能进行了仿真,结果表明,通过N坚持算法可以有效提高网络性能。     

分组失序影响TCP传输性能仿真分析

尽管TCP协议是一种面向连接的、可靠的传输控制协议,但是分组失序还是会对TCP传输性能产生严重影响。并行交换和较高的网络负载是导致分组失序现象大量涌现的根本原因,提出并实现了一个具有并行交换功能的仿真系统,对分组失序触发快速重传和快速恢复操作、抑制拥塞窗口增长过程进行了仿真。结果表明,TCP协议将分组失序误认为分组丢失是导致其传输性能下降的主要原因。     

无线多媒体传感器网络拥塞感知的流控制机制

为研究和改进无线多媒体传感器网络实时传输视频数据的性能,首先深入分析和研究在无线传感器网络环境下实时传输MPEG视频流存在的主要问题与性能瓶颈,通过分析端到端吞吐量与视频帧发送速率之间的关系,以IFQ队列长度作为反应网络拥塞程度的重要指标.在此基础上,提出一种基于跨层设计的拥塞感知通信流量控制机制,其基本思路是根据MPEG编码视频序列的特点,当无线链路质量变差,通信拥塞可能出现时,发送节点主动丢弃部分对接收方播放质量不太重要的低优先级视频帧数据,以降低通信负载,增加高优先级视频帧的成功传送概率.为验证该策略的效果,分别设置了简单与复杂场景下的视频传输实验,分析了在多种视频帧发送速率下平均端到端时延,丢包率,可解码帧率等参数指标的变化.实验结果证明,这一策略可以改进视频流在接收方的播放质量,同时减少不必要的能耗.仿真实验结果表明该策略有效克服了性能瓶颈,提高了无线多媒体传感器网络实时多媒体传输的服务质量.     

一种适合校园网网内服务的拥塞控制算法

针对校园网拓扑结构和连接带宽的特点,提出了一种适合校园网内部服务器的TCP拥塞控制方法.该方法结合校园网的特点,利用已知的网络连接信息和网络拓扑信息,使拥塞控制的方法更加有效.仿真结果表明,改进的拥塞控制算法能够提高网络的传输效率.另外,该算法仅在发送端对协议进行修改,该算法的采用对整个网络几乎没有影响.     

基于媒质共享的无线Ad hoc网络拥塞避免策略

针对无线Ad hoc网络的拥塞问题,提出了一种基于媒质共享的公平拥塞控制( MCFCC)算法,并与典型算法LRED进行了比较.在MCFCC算法中,节点根据竞争共享信道时的退避次数计算退避率,据此进一步得出分组丢弃概率,从而能合理控制源节点的分组发送速率,并可通过快速准确地判断节点和网络的拥塞程度,解决共享媒质冲突和拥塞...     

星地融合网络中的流量卸载研究

卫星网络与地面网络融合,可以拓展网络覆盖范围、提高网络灵活性以及提升网络资源利用率.针对地面网络流量激增带来的网络拥塞、传输时延长、数据吞吐量低等问题,从网络架构、流量卸载方案、流量卸载决策等3个方面对星地融合网络中的流量卸载进行了研究.从网络架构来看,未来通信网络正逐渐走向卫星网络和地面网络融合的一体化网络;从流量卸载方案来看,星地融合网络中流量卸载的关键技术主要包括软件定义网络、网络功能虚拟化、移动边缘计算以及星间链路协作;从流量卸载决策策略来看,分别基于时延、能耗和吞吐量分析归纳总结了几种主流流量卸载决策策略;指出了星地融合网络中流量卸载研究存在的主要挑战及下一步的潜在研究方向.     

基于延时预测的TCP实时视频传输方法

对TCP实时视频传输过程进行分析,指出发送延时是影响基于TCP的实时视频传输端到端延时的关键因素,并可通过其大小来判断视频帧的播放质量;提出一种递阶式马尔可夫预测模型,该模型通过输入视频帧长度、丢包率、网络往返时间和TCP拥塞窗口大小预测视频帧的发送延时,使用NS2(Network simulator 2)进行模拟。研究结果表明:在RED(Random early detection)策略下,可以通过模型的预测值来判断视频帧是否适合采用TCP传输,能为基于TCP的流媒体传输策略提供重要参考。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-