有限群的可补子群的相关性质

考虑有限群的极小子群和Sylow子群的可补性质对群结构的影响. 设F是包含全体有限超可解群的群系, G是有限群, M>1是G的正规子群, 且G/M∈F, 证明: 如果对M的任一极小子群H, H∩F*(G^F₎均在G中可补, 则G∈F.     

关于有限群的π-拟正规嵌入子群

设G是有限群,称G的子群H在G中π-拟正规嵌入,如果对于H的每个素因子p,H的Sylow p-子群也是G的某个π-拟正规子群的Sylow p-子群.利用极大(小)子群的π-拟正规嵌入性,得到了如下包含超可解群类和幂零群系的饱和群系的充分条件.1)设是包含超可解群类的一个饱和群系,且N是有限群G的一个正规子群使得G/N∈.如果F*(N)的任意奇阶Sylow子群Q的所有极大子群均在NG(Q)中π-拟正规嵌入,F*(N)的Sylow 2-子群的极大子群在G中π-拟正规嵌入,则G∈.2)设是包含的一饱和群系,且H是有限群G的一个正规子群使得G/H∈.如果H的极小子群或4阶循环子群均在G中π-拟正规嵌入,则G∈.推广并加深了一些已知结果.     

有限群的SS-可补子群

设H是有限群G的子群.如果存在G的一个子群K,使得G=HK且H∩K在K中S-拟正规,则称H在G中SS-可补.证明了:(i)设p是整除群G阶的最小素因子.如果存在G的一个Sylowp-子群P,使得P的每个极大子群在NG(P)中SS-可补,且P′在G中S-拟正规,则G是p-幂零群.(ii)设F是一个包含超可解群类U的饱和群系,H是群G的一个正规子群,使得G/H∈F.如果对H的每一个Sylow p-子群P,P的每个极大子群在NG(P)中SS-可补,且P′在G中S-拟正规,则G∈F.     

S-条件置换子群对有限群结构的影响

利用子群的S-条件置换性,得到了有限超可解群的一充分条件;并得到有限群G∈F的一充分必要条件. 即:设F是一个包含所有超可解群类U的饱和群系. 则有限群G∈F,当且仅当G有一个正规子群H,使得G/H∈F且F*(H)∩G的GP极大子群在G中S-条件置换.其中GP是G的非循环Sylow子群.     

有限群的极小子群与超可解性

利用群G的F itting子群、广义F itting子群的极小子群F-s-补条件刻划群G的结构,得到新的结果,即:设F是含U的饱和群系,G是一有限群,则G∈F的充分必要条件是存在G的可解正规子群N(或正规子群N)使得G/N∈F且F(N)(或F*(G))的所有素数阶子群在G中均有超可解-s-补.     

关于有限群的一些Pronormal子群Ⅱ

设U表示有限超可解群类，证明了如下的定理：令F是包含U的一个饱和群系，N是有限群G的一个正规子群使得G／N∈F假设对于N的广义Fitting子群F^＊（N）的素因数集π（F^＊（N））中每个素数p，F^＊（N）的一个Sylow p-子群Fp的所有极大子群都在Nc（Fp）中pronormal，并且（当2属于π（F^＊（N）时）F^＊（N）的一个Sylow 2-子群F2的所有2或4阶循环子群都在Nc（F2）中pronormal，则G∈F.     

具有X-s-半置换的准素子群的有限群

设X是群G的非空子集,H是G的子群,如果H在G中有一个补充T使得H和T的所有Sylow子群X-置换,则称H在G中X-s-半置换.利用于群的X-s-半置换性得到下列结果:①设是包含所有超可解群的饱和群系,X是群G的可解正规子群,则G∈当且仅当存在H G使得G/H∈且H的每个Sylow子群的每个极大子群在G中X-s-半置换.②设是包含所有超可解群的饱和群系,X是群G的可解正规子群且H G.如果G/H∈且F(H)的每个Sylow子群的每个极大子群在G中X-s-半置换,则G∈③设X是群G的一个p-可解正规子群,p是|G|的最小素因子.如果G是A4-自由的,且存在H G使得G/H是p-幂零的并满足H的每个Sylow p-子群的每个2-极大子群在G中X-s-半置换,那么G是声p-幂零的.     

弱c-supplement与一类群系

利用弱c-supplement的概念,研究了一有限群属于一个包含超可解群类的饱和群系的可能性,证明了:设F是一个饱和群系,且包含超可解群类.再假设N是G的一个正规子群,使得G/N∈F.如果对每一个p∈π(N),对N的任一个Sylow p-子群P,P的每一个极大子群在G中是弱c-supplement的,那么,G∈F.推广了某些结果.     

有限群的π-拟正规嵌入子群与p-幂零性

通过分析群阶和特殊素因子,利用Sylow子群二次极大子群的π-拟正规嵌入性质,得到:设H是有限群G的正规子群使得G/H为p-幂零群, P是H的一个Sylow p-子群, 这里p是|G|的一个素因子.若P的二次极大子群均在G中π-拟正规嵌入且下列条件之一满足,则G是p-幂零:(1) (|G|, p2-1)=1; (2) NG(P)/CG(P)是p-群.     

具有S-拟正规子群的有限群

设G是有限群,H为G的子群.如果H与G的每一个Sylow子群可置换,即对任意的P∈Syl(G),有HP=PH,则称H在G中S-拟正规.称G的素数阶子群为G的极小子群.如果G的每个极小子群在G中S-拟正规,则称G是MS-群.首先给出每个极大子群皆为MS-群的有限群必可解的新证明;然后确定了每个二极大子群皆为MS-群的有限非交换单群.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.