一种改进的到达时间差无线定位算法研究

提出一种有效传输速度的概念,针对到达时间差(TDOA)中的部分不足进行弥补和改进,对样本数据进行非视距场景进行分析。最终,对移动终端定位结果进行误差分析;并与原TDOA结果进行比对。有效速度在单位固定的情况下,考虑到终端在地面的高度几乎不超过50 m,因此,算法对有效速度进行限定高度误差修正的方式获取,并选取小数点后两位结果。提出的改进TDOA无线定位算法可得到较为精确的定位结果。样本有五组数据,每组1 100个终端数据,最终误差均值可在0.5 m以内。如果对高度限定更加严格,或者对有效速度更多有效位数的保留,将得到更为精确的定位结果。     

削减NLOS误差的UWB室内定位算法

为了解决非视距（non-line of sight，NLOS）环境下超宽带（ultra-wideband，UWB）室内定位精度低的问题，提出一种基于到达时间差（time difference of arrival，TDOA）的UWB室内定位算法来削减NLOS误差，提高定位精度。利用卡尔曼滤波算法，初次估计移动标签节点与各锚节点间的TDOA值；基于TDOA差值进行NLOS误差判别，依据判别结果对受NLOS误差影响的测量值进行视距（line of sight，LOS）重构，并利用仅受LOS误差影响的历史值更新卡尔曼滤波的协方差阵；利用Chan-Taylor算法进行迭代计算，得到最终精确的定位结果。实验结果表明，在LOS环境下，提出的算法能达到分米级的定位精度；在受NLOS影响的环境下，该算法能有效提高定位精度，减小定位误差，具有更好的稳定性。     

一种用于移动通信终端定位的卡尔曼滤波器改进设计

针对传统方法进行移动通信终端定位时,由于无线通信信道存在着噪声干扰、非视距传播、多址干扰等因素的影响,导致移动通信终端定位精准度较低的问题。提出了基于(TDOA/AOA)时间测量值的卡尔曼滤波器改进设计移动通信终端进行定位。利用卡尔曼滤波器抑制和消除TOA/TDOA测量值中NLOS误差,然后通过BP神经网络在时间更新预测阶段及测量阶段对标准的卡尔曼滤波器进行修正,将预处理的TOA测量值输入到修正后卡尔曼滤波器来实现TODA/AOA移动通信终端混合定位,最终确定移动终端的具体位置。实验结果表明,改进的卡尔曼滤波器可以提高移动通信终端定位的精度,具有良好的实用性。     

WLAN无线定位中NLOS误差排序与抑制的研究

提出在WLAN中使用TDOA定位方法的Chan算法对移动终端进行位置估计,然后对位置估计结果使用残差加权算法进行NLOS误差抑制。通过仿真证明,尽可能选择不受NLOS影响的时间测量值参与Chan算法和残差加权算法,通常能以较小的计算代价取得相对理想的定位精度。并在数学理论上证明了可将Wylie方法用于NLOS误差排序,以挑选出合适的时间测量值。     

基于神经网络的TDOA定位改进算法研究

针对传统的Chan算法在实际的非视距环境中性能将会受到很大影响这一问题,提出了一种基于神经网络的TDOA定位改进算法,这种算法通过对非视距误差进行修正,使其具有更好的定位效果.仿真实验结果表明,与传统的Chan算法相比,这种算法具有更好的定位精度和收敛速度,是一种有效的定位算法.     

一种结合衰减因子的TDOA/AOA Chan定位算法

本文通过对蜂窝网络无线定位技术的研究,提出了一种结合衰减因子的基于Chan氏算法的TDOA/AOA混合定位方法。利用最陡梯度算法把衰减因子加入到TDOA测量方程中,并结合AOA估计值,利用Chan算法进行混合定位,通过不断的迭代更新衰减因子,最大限度的消除非视距误差,使得TDOA测量值接近真实值,以提高定位算法的精度。     

结合最陡下降算法的室内 NLOS场景下TDOA/AOA融合算法

在利用传统Chan算法进行目标节点位置估算的基础上,提出了一种结合最陡下降算法SDA(Steepest Descent Algorithm)的TDOA(Time Difference of Arrival)/AOA(Angle of Arrival)融合算法,通过迭代消除由NLOS(Non Line of Sight)误差引起的误差因子,达到有效提高定位精度的目的.实验结果表明:本文提出的结合SDA的TDOA/AOA融合算法在复杂的室内环境下可以有效提高定位精度和定位稳定性,相对于传统的基于Chan算法的TDOA/AOA定位算法,定位精度提高28%.     

一种基于抗差估计的TDOA无线定位方法

基于时间测量值的TDOA无线定位方法在移动台定位、被动雷达定位、雷电定位、GPS导航等诸多应用中发挥着重大作用.如何减小TDOA定位误差是近年来研究的热点.如果TDOA测量数据中含有粗差,将会给定位解算带来更大的难度.对TDOA的抗差性进行了研究,提出了一种能够抵抗粗差的抗差TDOA定位算法--Robust-Chan方法.仿真显示该算法能很好地抵抗粗差的影响,提高定位的精度.     

零相位差-测向的随动二分法定位

针对射频无源定位中基于信号到达时间差(TDOA)定位模型因其双曲线非线性导致边缘测量误差放大单靠优化算法改进有限的问题,提出了基于零相位差-测向的随动二分法定位。该方法通过对测量天线的运动控制,获得误差最小测量位置,在此基础上通过电缆线延迟补偿法提高AD8302相位差测量精度,并对天线施加位置扰动获得精确角度,消除系统测量误差。对比分析了参数测量方差对此模型和正交TDOA模型几何精度因子(GDOP)的影响。并通过实验证实了此定位法相比于传统的TDOA定位法增大了定位范围,提高了定位精度。     

基于机器学习的LTE-MR定位算法研究与应用范例

LTE用户向网络反馈的MR测量报告,可以为无线网络分析与优化提供海量的基础测试数据.设计高精度的MR定位信息重构算法,对发展数据驱动的网络优化技术至关重要.本文首先对几种传统的基于终端测量信息的定位算法及其优缺点进行分类介绍,进而提出一种基于机器学习方法设计高精度混合定位算法的思想.基于该思想,采用了AdaBoost算法对同区域具备定位信息标签的MR数据进行模型训练,得到的模型可对定位信息缺失的MR数据进行较高精度的定位信息重构.以中国联通某业务区本地网LTE-MR数据为例,对所提算法性能进行了仿真及误差分析,讨论了算法的优缺点,测试了算法运行的速度,并通过具体案例展示了算法应用于中国联通RNExp无线网络专家系统进行网络覆盖评估的效果.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.