表面接枝透明质酸聚氨酯的合成及其血液相容性

通过两步溶液法合成了侧链带有羧基的聚氨酯(PU),成膜后其表面羧基经1-乙基-3-(二甲基丙胺)碳二亚胺(EDC)活化后与1,3-丙二胺反应,合成了氨基化聚氨酯材料。透明质酸(HA)经EDC活化后共价接枝到氨基化的聚氨酯膜表面。通过衰减全反射光谱法(ATR-FTIR),静态水接触角测试和扫描电镜(SEM)对聚氨酯接枝前后的结构和形态进行表征,并通过凝血实验和内皮细胞培养实验,测试材料的抗凝血性和细胞毒性。结果表明:透明质酸成功地接枝到聚氨酯膜表面,接枝透明质酸后的聚氨酯膜亲水性提高,凝血时间大幅延长,且能促进内皮细胞的黏附和生长,体现较好的血液相容性。     

纳米稀土氧化物的掺杂对ＰＶＣ和ＰＰ性能的影响

选用混炼法制备了PVC/纳米稀土氧化物材料及PP/纳米稀土氧化物复合材料,并进行了相应的性能测试.结果表明,复合材料的物理力学性能和热力学性能有明显的提高.     

稀土离子(Sm~(3+),La~(3+))掺杂纳米TiO_2光催化性能研究

以钛酸四丁酯和稀土氧化物Sm2O3、La2O3为原料,分别制备了掺杂稀土离子Sm2+和La3+的纳米TiO2光催化剂,分别进行了两种离子掺杂纳米材料在甲基橙溶液中的光催化降解实验,通过对制备条件优化,研究了光降解条件对降解效果的影响.结果表明:La2+掺杂纳米TiO2材料的光催化活性要优于Sm3+掺杂纳米TiO2材料.     

掺杂纳米稀土氧化物的电磁屏蔽材料的电磁匹配规律研究及设计

利用电磁波传输理论推导出了电磁屏蔽材料表面反射率公式、基于电磁参数广义匹配规律下总后向反射率公式和预设总后向反射率取值的表面反射率公式; 通过3维网格法理论分析了电磁参数对表面反射率和总后向反射率的影响,并使用掺杂了纳米稀土氧化物的电磁屏蔽材料进行优化设计.研究结果表明:在电磁屏蔽材料的设计中应主要调节材料的电损耗ε; 掺杂了少量纳米稀土氧化物的电磁屏蔽涂层能实现在2～18 GHz内有大于6 dB的衰减值,即表明掺杂纳米稀土氧化物能够较好地提高材料的电磁屏蔽性能.     

含稀土纳米材料微波吸收特性的研究

在9.3GHz频率点对稀土复合氧化物与以稀土复合氧化物为基掺杂铁粉得到的吸波材料的吸波性能进行了比较,并研究了材料粒度对吸波性能的影响。结果表明：纳米稀土复合氧化物具有优异的吸波性能,是一种有发展前景的微波吸收剂。     

钙钛矿型稀土纳米复合氧化物制备及应用的研究进展

概述了钙钛矿型稀土纳米复合氧化物制备及应用研究的发展动态，综述了钙钛矿型稀土纳米复合氧化物作为光催化剂、敏感材料、燃烧催化剂等方面的研究进展。     

具有抗凝血活性的聚氨基酸的合成及性能研究

通过亲核试剂三乙烯四胺(TETA)引发L-酪氨酸和L-谷氨酸的α-氨基酸N-环内酸酐(NCAs)的活性可控开环聚合(ROP),并进行氯磺酸酯化修饰,制备了一种具有抗凝血活性的磺酸酯化聚(L-酪氨酸-co-L-谷氨酸)(PTG-SO_3),并对PTG-SO_3的结构、酶促降解性能、细胞毒性以及血液相容性等进行了测试.结果表明,合成产物为PTG-SO_3,具有良好的生物降解性(16 d后可降解约65%)、低细胞毒性(培育72 h后,细胞活性约为70%)、良好的抗凝血性能和血液相容性(活化的部分凝血活酶时间延长约37 s).该聚合物有望应用于生物医学领域.     

稀土基纳米抗菌材料研究进展

抗生素滥用导致了细菌耐药性的增加和超级细菌的出现，使开发新型抗菌药物迫在眉睫.稀土元素具有独特的理化性质，在抗菌领域的应用得到了越来越多的关注.文章主要介绍了三类稀土基纳米抗菌材料：稀土氧化物、稀土配合物、稀土掺杂复合物，简述了这三类材料的抗菌机制和应用现状，同时对材料未来的抗菌应用前景进行了展望.     

中药对华法林药动学与药效学影响的研究

华法林为临床应用广泛的口服抗凝血药,治疗窗窄,易与药物发生相互作用而导致严重的不良反应.随着活血化瘀类中药在临床的广泛使用,越来越多的中药被发现对华法林药动学及药效学参数造成一定影响,对近五年中药与华法林相互作用进行综述,为临床合理用药提供参考.     

透明质酸改性PHBV组织工程纳米纤维支架的研究

组织工程支架材料表面性质对细胞的黏附起着重要作用,进而影响细胞的增殖、分化等一系列生长过程.本研究采用天然生物大分子透明质酸(hyaluronic acid,HA)对聚(3-羟基丁酸酯-co-3-羟基戊酸酯)(Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate),PHBV)进行表面修饰以提高材料的表面生物活性.首先通过静电纺丝法制备PHBV纳米纤维支架,利用1,6-己二胺胺解在PHBV表面引入自由胺基,并以此为反应活性位点在水溶性的碳化二亚胺/N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺缩合剂体系中将透明质酸固定接枝在PHBV表面.SEM结果表明,静电纺丝制备的PHBV纳米纤维支架表面平滑程度高,纤维直径分布较均匀,且没有串珠;FTIR证明1,6-己二胺改性及透明质酸接枝改性PHBV纳米纤维支架材料均成功实现;茚三酮法表明PHBV表面胺基密度随胺解时间增加而增大,在胺解约50min时达到最大值;水接触角法表明固定接枝透明质酸后,表面亲水性明显改善;细胞实验表明透明质酸改性的PHBV纳米纤维支架可显著促进软骨细胞的体外增殖.综上所述,透明质酸改性的PHBV纳米纤维支架可望应用于软骨组织工程领域.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to