CSG方法在建筑物三维建模中的应用研究

介绍了数字城市的框架体系和三维城市模型的建模过程,探讨了城市建筑物的CSG建模方法。该方法先根据建筑物的特征抽取CSG体素,然后将这些体素进行空间几何变换和正则布尔运算,形成建筑物的三维空间几何模型,进而表达建模过程和建筑物内部的空间拓扑关系。     

数字城市三维建模关键技术研究

三维模型能够真实．生动地表达三维空阃信息，成为数字城市的研究重点。建筑物的三维建模作为主要的建模内容有麓重要的地位，快速．逼真地建立建筑物的三堆模型成为建模的研究重点。本文探讨了数字城市中三维建模的主要内容和相关建模方式，并以实例的方式实现了三难建筑物建模。结果表明该思路能满足实际应用。     

数字城市三维建模关键技术研究

三维模型能够真实、生动地表达三维空间信息,成为数字城市的研究重点。建筑物的三维建模作为主要的建模内容有着重要的地位,快速、逼真地建立建筑物的三维模型成为建模的研究重点。本文基于笔者多年从事数字城市的相关工作经验,以三维数字城市为研究对象。探讨了数字城市中三维建模的主要内容和相关建模方式,并以实例的方式实现了三维建筑物建模,结果表明该思路能满足实际应用。全文是笔者长期工作实践基础上的理论升华,相信对从事相关工作的同行能有所裨益。     

虚拟建筑群三维建模与可视化实现

论述了地形、城市建筑物以及其他附属设施的三维模型建立方法;探讨了三维对象模型与地形模型 的匹配问题;分析了虚拟建筑群的三维可视化过程;采用三维可视化技术,实现了某建筑群的三维建模与可视 化表达,具有很好的实用性,为进一步进行数字城市的三维建模及可视化设计提供了一种辅助手段。     

广义空中交通流建模综述

空中交通流建模是研究空中交通系统拥堵规律和演变机理的重要手段。面向集权式管控下空中交通流广义属性,将空中交通流模型分为"以流为中心"和"以人为中心"两类,评述各类广义交通流模型的核心理念、建模方法、主要特点和适用范围,强调了空中交通流建模中"人-流"关系的重要性;针对当前交通流建模亟需突破的瓶颈和未来空中交通发展需求,从粒度差异化、行为随机化、"人-流"一体化、复杂性视角和未来适应性5个方面提出了广义空中交通流建模的发展趋势,为开展空中交通基础理论和应用技术研究提供参考借鉴。     

基于地面激光扫描技术的建筑物建模研究

三维激光扫描技术在建筑物建模领域发展迅速。以现代建筑为例,从三维数据获取、数据处理、模型建立等方法进行论述,采用七参数模型进行点云拼接,并对拼接后的点云进行去噪和抽稀处理,分析研究2种不同建模方法的特点,一种是三角网格法,另一种是参数化建模方法。最终采用参数化建模方法完成了大型建筑物的建模。实验表明,在建筑物建模中,参数化建模方法更为适用。     

城市无人机毫米波通信网络建模与性能分析

为克服毫米波信号的穿透能力弱,易被遮挡的问题,综合考虑城市地区建筑物特性与毫米波传输特性,提出一种无人机辅助的城市地区毫米波网络。基于随机几何理论,对提出的网络建模,无人机和建筑物的位置建模为两个独立分布的泊松点过程,建筑物的形状建模为长方体,高度服从瑞利分布。基于此模型,推导得到一个典型用户覆盖率的近似表达式。仿真结果表明,近似表达式在降低了计算复杂度的前提下,与仿真结果吻合,验证了近似分析的有效性。理论结果表明,存在最优无人机部署高度和密度,使系统覆盖率最大化。     

基于扩展I~*框架的嵌入式系统需求建模方法

系统功能需求可通过用例建模技术进行有效建模,针对非功能需求缺乏有效建模方法和标准的问题,提出结合使用I*建模技术记录和建模非功能需求的方法,完成对嵌入式系统需求的完整描述。通过扩展I*目标模型和UML模型之间传统的映射规则,在扩展的UML顺序图中实现对非功能属性"实时性"的描述。采用ATM实例,对上述建模方法进行分析并验证可行性。通过上述研究,最终完成了对嵌入式系统需求的完整描述,并结合UML顺序图的扩展实现对"实时性"的描述。     

基于高斯过程回归的建筑物震陷量预测模型

城市抗震防灾系统是一个复杂开放巨系统,系统中由于灾情的动态演化导致的建筑物震陷量形成机理也日趋复杂。本文根据高斯过程理论和贝叶斯规则,对训练样本进行的“归纳推理学习”,即综合先验信息,调整各随机变量的后验分布,进而提出基于高斯回归过程的建筑物震陷量非线性预测模型。采用EP算法获得预测样本潜在函数的近似后验高斯分布,并对其超参数和协方差函数的选择进行了探讨,利用LSSVM模型、PLS模型和MLR模型等统计模型对建筑物实测震陷样本进行预测训练,通过模型的交叉验证分析及建模参数详细对比分析,验证了预测模型的科学性和可靠性,可为城市抗震防灾决策提供借鉴。     

基于三维激光扫描技术的城市三维建模方法

本文以拓普康GLS1500扫描仪作为实验设备,以建筑物建模为例,从数据采集、点云处理、三维模型建立和纹理映射等方面探讨了利用三维激光扫描技术进行城市三维建模的方法。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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