基于残差网络的配电柜设备元件状态识别

随着工业智能巡检的不断发展,基于数字图像处理方法的设备元件状态识别系统被广泛应用.为提升配电室中配电柜设备元件状态识别的准确率,提出了一种基于残差网络(residual networks, ResNet)的设备元件状态识别方法.首先搭建数据采集系统,构建数据集;然后对配电柜图像,裁剪预设的设备元件目标区域,生成设备元件图像;对于设备元件图像,构建基于ResNet的元件状态识别模型并训练;使用训练完毕的模型识别元件的状态.以变电站配电室中配电柜设备元件数据集作为研究对象,对于特征复杂的元件采用单预测头的网络,对于特征简单的元件采用多预测头的网络;然后使用紧凑和剪枝的模型压缩方法在精度损失较小的情况下减少参数量和计算量;最后介绍巡检系统的架构设计,将JetSon Nano边缘终端作为算法模块的运行硬件,以减少通信成本.     

基于双向LSTM的手写文字识别技术研究

手写文字识别是计算机视觉、自然语言处理领域中的重要问题和研究热点.本文针对手写文字识别问题,提出一种基于双向LSTM网络的手写文字识别方法.首先根据数据集特点进行归一化等预处理;然后使用CNN网络对图像的特征进行提取;接着通过双向LSTM网络来记忆手写文字序列的字句关系,并对文字序列进行预测;最后使用CTC-Loss作为损失函数,可以让整句标注的训练集在上述网络下收敛.对比实验表明本文提出的算法模型的有效性.     

基于语义边界增强的司法命名实体识别

法律文书命名实体识别是智慧司法的关键任务。现有的序列标注模型仅关注字符信息,导致在法律文书命名实体识别任务中无法获得语义和词语的上下文信息,且无法对实体的边界进行限制。因此,该文提出了一个融合外部信息并对边界限制的司法命名实体识别模型(semantic and boundary enhance named entity recognition, SBENER)。该模型收集了40万条盗窃罪法律文书,首先,预训练模型,将获得的司法盗窃罪词向量作为输入模型的外部信息;其次,设计Adapter,将司法盗窃罪的信息融入字符序列以增强语义特征;最后,使用边界指针网络对实体边界进行限制,解决了序列标注模型丢失词语信息及缺少边界限制的问题。该模型在CAILIE 1.0数据集和LegalCorpus数据集上进行实验,结果表明,SBENER模型在2个数据集上的F₁值(F₁-score)分别达88.70%和87.67%,比其他基线模型取得了更好的效果。SBENER模型能够提升司法领域命名实体识别的效果。     

基于KPCANet和线性判别分析的表情识别

针对目前多数表情识别算法都是基于浅层特征的,很难达到良好的识别效果,并且核主成分分析网络(PCANet)网络存在提取到的表情特征维数比较高致使识别时间较长和分类效率较低的问题,受到深度学习模型PCANet的启发,提出了一种结合核主成分分析网络(KPCANet)和线性判别分析(LDA)的表情识别算法.首先,利用基于KPCANet模型获取训练样本及测试样本的深层特征;然后,用LDA监督层对KPCANet模型获取的深层特征对表情图像特征进行监督投影,从而使表情特征具有类别区分性;最后,将经LDA投影的特征矩阵输入支持向量机(SVM)中对表情特征进行训练和分类.提出的KPCANet-LDA算法模型在人脸表情数据库CK+和JAFFE上进行实验,实验结果表明提出的算法具有良好的鲁棒性且识别率高于其他对比算法.     

可解释时空卷积网络的微表情识别应用

面部微表情具有持续时间短、强度低等特点,因此微表情识别的准确率较低,且当前提出的基于深度学习的微表情识别方法难以理解网络模型的决策原因,以至于难以应用于实际.针对该问题提出一种基于残差单元的可解释时空卷积网络用于微表情识别的方法,该方法通过使用时空卷积网络,将微表情视频帧序列作为输入,并解释网络模型参数与特征,在实现模型可解释性的同时,提高了微表情识别的准确率.在CASME2、SMIC和SAMM数据集上对提出方法进行验证,实验结果表明,本文方法优于目前大部分基于深度学习的微表情识别方法.     

一种基于属性贝叶斯网络的行为识别模型

针对传统行为识别方法仅利用底层特征识别的不足,提出了一种将动作属性与贝叶斯网络相结合的行为识别方法.首先,提取视频中的时空兴趣点及其3D-SIFT特征描述符,用词袋的方法建立时空词典对视频序列进行表示;然后,利用底层特征训练属性分类器,构造由底层特征到高层特征的映射,将底层特征样本经过属性分类器后得到行为—属性的样本信息,并采用MAP(最大后验概率)准则学习贝叶斯网络结构,从而建立一种基于属性贝叶斯网络的行为识别模型.实验结果表明该模型能有效地进行行为识别.     

基于注意力机制语谱图特征提取的语音识别

针对连接时序分类模型需具有输出独立性的假设,对语言模型的依赖性强且训练周期长的问题,提出一种基于连接时序分类模型的语音识别方法.首先,基于传统声学模型的框架,利用先验知识训练基于注意力机制的语谱图特征提取网络,有效提高了语音特征的区分性和鲁棒性;其次,将语谱图特征提取网络拼接在连接时序分类模型的前端,并减少模型中循环神经网络层数进行重新训练.测试分析结果表明,该改进模型缩短了训练时间,有效提升了语音识别准确率.     

基于轻量型卷积神经网络的交通标志识别

针对卷积神经网络在交通标志识别实时性不好,对设备硬件要求过高的缺点,提出了一种具有实时性,高精度的基于轻量型卷积神经网络的改进网络。一方面引入深度可分离卷积和激活函数Mish,加快网络的训练和识别速度,降低对硬件设备的要求;另一方面通过对网络架构及层次的改进,同时合理改变卷积核的大小和数目,加强图片特征的表达与传递。在BelgiumTSC交通标志数据集上的实验结果表明,改进后网络明显提高了网络训练速度,同时识别精度也略高于原网络,验证了改进方法的有效性。通过与其他模型相比,该模型能够更快速准确完成交通标志识别任务,验证了该方法的可行性。     

基于盒注意力机制和Transformer的人脸微表情识别方法

微表情是一种细微的能够体现人真实心理活动的面部运动,通常与真实情感直接相关,应用前景广阔。但由于微表情持续时间短暂、表情幅度低和特征难以提取等特点,因此其识别准确率较低。针对该问题,提出了基于盒注意力机制和Transformer的人脸微表情识别模型(vision transformer based on box-attention, ViT-Box)。该模型首先对人脸面部进行特征提取,利用盒注意力机制获得自适应的面部微表情关键区域：左眉眼、右眉眼和嘴巴;然后对非关键区域进行掩码遮盖,避免微表情无关信息干扰;最后基于Vision Transformer网络实现人脸微表情识别。ViT-Box模型在微-宏表情仓库(MMEW)数据集上取得了98.68%的平均准确率,实验结果表明该模型在微表情识别上能够获得优秀的识别效果。同时通过消融实验验证了ViT-Box模型的有效性。     

基于LSTM流量预测的DDoS攻击检测方法

提出一种基于长短时记忆(LSTM)神经网络流量预测的分布式拒绝服务(DDoS)攻击检测方法.首先定义了IP数据包统计特征(IPDCF)来表征网络流特征,然后采用LSTM神经网络模型对IPDCF时间序列进行建模,且使用网格搜索和超参数最优法确定Dropout的值以缓解该模型的过拟合现象,最后建立基于IPDCF时间序列的LSTM模型来识别DDoS攻击.实验结果表明:该模型能够准确地预测正常网络流量变化趋势,识别DDoS攻击引起的异常;与同类方法相比,该方法能较早地检测DDoS攻击且漏报率和误报率更低.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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