苹果中绿原酸含量的HPLC法测定

建立了高效液相色谱法对苹果中绿原酸含量的测定方法,采用AichromBond-1AQ C18色谱柱(150×4.6mm,5μm),流动相:0.1%甲酸水溶液-乙腈(92:8,V/V),流速0.8mL/min,检测波长:323nm。结果显示:绿原酸在浓度为0.268-67μg/mL范围内,线性关系良好(Y=38286X-4391.2,r=0.9991),检测限为0.804ng,定量限为2.68ng;精密度(RSD)为1.67%,平均回收率为101.7%～103.6%;经测定几种苹果果皮和果肉中绿原酸的含量分别在20.32～45.98μg/g和63.47～114.32μg/g。因此,本法简便,结果准确,可作为苹果中绿原酸含量研究的良好方法。     

高效液相色谱法检测鸡蛋中的三聚氰胺

建立了高效液相色谱法检测鸡蛋中三聚氰胺的方法。样品用1%三氯乙酸和2.2%乙酸铅超声提取。色谱柱为HypersilODS100×4.6mm,5μm;流动相为乙腈:辛烷磺酸钠离子对试剂(pH=3)=15:85(V/V);流速为1mL/min;检测波长为210nm;柱温为40℃。三聚氰胺在0.2μg/mL～10μg/mL范围内,有良好的线性关系。在空白样品中添加0.2μg/mL、0.4μg/mL、1.0μg/mL三个质量浓度的标准工作液,回收率在82.0%～104.0%,相对标准偏差为6.81%(n=9)。     

反相高效液相色谱法快速测定靛蓝中残留苯胺

建立了用反相高效液相色谱测定靛蓝中残留痕量苯胺含量的方法.用YWG C18(5μm,300mm×5mmID) 柱,V甲醇∶V水=70∶30的溶液为流动相,柱温30℃时于285nm波长处以外标法测定.结果表明苯胺在6.92× 10-8～3.59×10-4g/mL范围内,浓度与峰面积有良好的线性关系(r=0.9997).苯胺的回收率为98.34%～ 98.36%,相对标准偏差为1.84%～3.03%(n=5).检测限为2.02×10-9g/mL(S/N=3).实验表明该法简便、快 速,应用于实际靛蓝样品中残留痕量苯胺的测定,取得了很好的结果.     

HPLC同时测定虎耳草中的岩白菜素、原儿茶酸和没食子酸的含量

建立了以离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐([BMIm]PF6)为萃取剂,结合超声辅助萃取,利用高效液相色谱法同时分离测定虎耳草中的岩白菜素、原儿茶酸和没食子酸三种有效成分的方法.方法:采用Phenomenex C18色谱柱(250mm×4.6mm,5μm);流动相为甲醇-0.2%冰醋酸水溶液(20∶80,V/V);流速0.8mL/min;紫外检测波长273nm;柱温为35℃.结果:该方法对岩白菜素、原儿茶酸和没食子酸分别在0.00156～130μg/mL(r=0.99999),0.00172～143μg/mL(r=0.99988),0.00140～116μg/mL(r=0.99993)范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r)均大于0.9998,定性检测限(S/N=3)依次是:0.1295ng/mL,0.0749ng/mL,0.0277ng/mL;样品回收率为91.10%～98.26%.结论:本法操作简单快速、定量准确、灵敏度高、成本低、且对环境友好,为虎耳草中岩白菜素、原儿茶酸和没食子酸的检测及分离提供了一个有效的科学方法.     

RP-HPLC法测定心肌安颗粒中绿原酸和芍药苷

建立RP-HPLC同时测定心肌安颗粒剂中含绿原酸、芍药苷两种有效成分的方法.采用Dia-monsil C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱,以乙腈-0.2%磷酸水为流动相梯度洗脱,流速1.0mL/min,柱温35℃,检测波长230 nm.绿原酸和芍药苷质量浓度分别在20～120μg/mL(r=0.999 9)和30～180μg/mL(r=0.999 8)范围内与峰面积线性关系良好,绿原酸和芍药苷平均加样回收率(n=6)分别为99.38%(RSD=0.96%)和99.91%(RSD=0.82%).三批制剂测定结果显示,含绿原酸量为10.36 mg/g(RSD=0.73%),含芍药苷量为8.18 mg/g(RSD=0.58%).本方法快速、准确,重复性好,可用于同时测定心肌安颗粒剂中绿原酸和含芍药苷的量.     

高效液相色谱-质谱法测定亚贡叶中亚贡二萜酸A和C的含量

建立了同时测定亚贡(Smallanthus sonchifolius)叶中亚贡二萜酸A和C含量的方法.采用高效液相色谱-质谱法,多反应监测(MRM)模式,大黄素为内标,色谱柱:UltimateTM XB-C18(150mm×4.6mm,5μm);流动相:V(甲醇)∶V(0.5%醋酸水溶液)=90∶10;流速:1.0mL/min;柱温:25℃.亚贡二萜酸A和C的线性范围均为0.2～10.0μg/mL(r≥0.999),平均加样回收率(n=6)分别为96.6%和92.4%,相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为1.9%和3.2%.实验数据表明,该方法操作简单、准确,且重复性好,可用于亚贡叶的质量控制.     

肉苁蓉中麦角甾苷含量的测定方法

用HPLC法测定肉苁蓉中麦角甾苷的含量.采用Kromasil C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱,以甲醇-水(V(甲醇)∶V(水)=35∶65)为流动相(水中含有0.4 mL/L磷酸)等质洗脱,流速1 mL/min,检测波长331 nm,柱温35℃.检测结果表明:麦角甾苷在0.34~2.04μg范围内呈良好线性关系,回归方程为A=192.57C-2.896(r=0.999 9),平均回收率为98.1%,RSD为1.99%(n=5).本方法用于测定肉苁蓉中麦角甾苷的含量,重现性良好、结果准确可靠.     

HPLC法测定罗库溴铵中溴丙烯的含量

为建立以高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定罗库溴铵中溴丙烯的含量的方法,实验色谱条件为,色谱柱为C18(Kromasil 250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为0.05 mol.L-1四甲基氢氧化铵溶液(用磷酸调节pH值至5.0)—乙腈(4∶6),流速为1.0 mL.min-1,检测波长为210 nm,进样量为5μL.结果表明,以溴丙烯浓度(C)对峰面积(A)进行回归分析,回归方程为,A=34337.41C-2682.68,r=0.9999.在检测浓度为,0.528μg/mL～105.6μg/mL范围内呈良好线性关系,平均回收率为97.6%～100.2%,RSD=0.9%(n=9),精密度试验RSD=0.9%.实验证实,采用HPLC法测定罗库溴铵中溴丙烯的含量,方法灵敏度高,专属性强,结果准确可靠.     

RP-HPLC法测定肉牛组织中的磺胺二甲基嘧啶残留量

建立了用反相高效液相色谱法测定肉牛组织中磺胺二甲基嘧啶杀菌剂残留量的方法.色谱条件是:Shimpack VP-ODS 250 L×4.6色谱柱,V(甲醇)∶ V(乙腈):V(2%乙酸)=15:15:70的溶液为流动相,流速为0.6mL/min,检测波长为270 nm.结果表明磺胺二甲基嘧啶能较好地分离,在4.0×10-3～0.8μg/mL(r=0.999 4)的浓度范围内与峰面积成良好的线性关系,检测限(S/N=3)为1.4×10-4μg/mL.实验表明该法简便、快速,应用于实际肉牛组织中磺胺二甲基嘧啶的测定,取得了很好的结果.     

反相离子对HPLC法同时测定盐酸二甲双胍中双氰胺和三聚氰胺的含量

建立一种简单的反相离子对HPLC方法测定盐酸二甲双胍中的双氰胺和三聚氰胺的含量.使用Hypersil ODS C18反相色谱柱(5μm;250×4.6 mm),乙腈-离子对试剂水溶液(10 mmol/L戊烷磺酸钠+10 mmol/L柠檬酸,pH为3.0,体积比10∶90)为流动相,流速1.0 mL/min,检测波长217 nm,柱温25℃.结果表明:双氰胺在0.02²0μg/mL浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数R=0.999 9,平均回收率为97.6%,RSD=0.29%;三聚氰胺在0.0220μg/mL浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数R=0.999 9,平均回收率为97.6%,RSD=0.29%;三聚氰胺在0.02⁵0μg/mL浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数R=0.999 9,平均回收率96.5%,RSD=0.32%.双氰胺和三聚氰胺的检出限分别为4.0 ng/mL和6.0 ng/mL.该方法简单、快速、准确、灵敏,适于同时测定盐酸二甲双胍制剂中的双氰胺和三聚氰胺的含量.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-