华中电网兴建抽水蓄能电站的技术经济分析

从华中电网整体技术经济性出发，采用运行模拟计算和技术经济分析法进行直接搜索寻优，研究了抽水有电站在华中电网中的作用，提出了华中电网兴建抽水蓄能电站的合理装机规模和运行方式，研究结果表明：２０１０年三峡电站建成发电后，华中电网兴建抽水蓄能电站的合理装机规模可达６．２９％￣９．４４％，抽水蓄能电站的合理运行方式为“按需抽发”，即以承担系统备用任务为主。     

我国抽水蓄能电站发展与展望

我国节能减排、能源结构调整和电力系统发展要求建设一定规模的抽水蓄能电站。分析了我国抽水蓄能电站开发潜力,以全社会电力供应总成本最低为目标,满足国家能源发展战略和电力行业发展规划,考虑各地区负荷预测、跨区电力交换、以及各类电源建设技术经济条件,提出了我国抽水蓄能电站的合理开发规模、布局、政策建议,为促进抽水蓄能电站可持续发展提供参考。     

抽水蓄能电站应急排水多目标优化方法及算例分析

随着抽水蓄能电站布局范围和建设规模的扩大，地下厂房水患威胁日益严重。针对水淹厂房事故场景下无法快速有效排水的问题，该文提出了一种抽水蓄能电站应急排水多目标优化方法。结合电站工程特点，建立了分阶段串并联综合应急排水方法。以最小化排水时间和装备运行成本为目标建立多目标优化模型，采用非支配排序遗传算法Ⅱ(NSGA-Ⅱ)对各阶段排水流量求取最优解。以某抽水蓄能电站为例开展研究，得到了有凸的Pareto最优前沿，应急排水时间最短约为52 h,装备运行成本最少约为138万元，同时给出了最优解对应的各阶段排水流量。结果表明，该方法能够合理推荐抽水蓄能电站应急排水方案，提高电站水淹厂房事故的应急处置水平。     

双碳背景下抽水蓄能在山东省的发展前景与规划建议

近年来山东电网快速发展,新能源发电容量占比不断增高,"外电入鲁"规模不断扩大,在"双碳"目标下,系统调峰能力和电网安全面临严峻考验.在分析山东电网现状的基础上,从调峰填谷、新能源消纳、调频、黑启动等方面,阐述抽水蓄能电站对山东电网运行的作用以及抽水蓄能在山东进一步发展的优势.通过调峰平衡分析预测,考虑现有泰山抽水蓄能电站以及沂蒙、文登抽水蓄能电站投产后,山东电网在2025年还需要新增2200 MW抽水蓄能装机,到2030年还需新建抽水蓄能6000 MW;同时综合考虑山东电网的特点,推荐优先发展鲁中、胶东等地抽水蓄能建设.     

浅谈抽水蓄能电站技术供水系统设计与研究

电站运行的安全可靠性直接关乎到民生。鉴于目前抽水蓄能电站机组技术供水系统的运行质量上所存在的问题影响到了其性能的可靠性。为了提高电站运行的安全系数,就要根据要对于抽水蓄能电站技术供水系统进行科学性地改造,使其加大稳定运行力度。该文针对抽水蓄能电站技术供水系统设计与研究进行探讨。     

电力市场背景下抽水蓄能电站交易机制设计

抽水蓄能电站具有运行灵活、反应迅速、清洁低碳等特点,可以为电力系统中提供调峰、填谷和备用电源等多种优质的辅助服务。目前中国已有河北、山东等省份开展了抽水蓄能电站抽水电量招标采购等市场化交易。随着各试点省份现货市场的逐步建立,抽水蓄能电站的市场化交易有待进一步完善提升,并形成常态化交易机制,以提升抽水蓄能电站的运行效益。对比总结了中国外抽水蓄能电站的运营模式和电价机制;针对中国现有政策机制下抽水蓄能电站运营面临的问题,提出了电力市场背景下抽水蓄能电站参与市场交易的具体方案;并以浙江省为例,进行了模拟测算。结果表明,抽水蓄能电站市场化交易机制对于引导抽水蓄能电站参与市场交易获取合理收益,提升电力市场环境下抽水蓄能电站运营效益,促进抽水蓄能电站长期健康发展具有积极意义。     

抽水蓄能电站经济效益分析——山西兴建抽水蓄能电站的必要性

本文论述了火电机组调峰存在的主要问题和抽水蓄能电站作为调峰容量具有的多方面效益。井以太原市汾河二库抽水蓄能电站为例,进行了工程评价和效益分析。提出了山西电网迫切需要兴建抽水蓄能电站的建议,对山西的能源决策将有参考价值。     

用随机生产模拟方法计算抽水蓄能电站的节煤效益

应用随机生产模拟理论,建立了等效电量函数法分段模型,从抽水蓄能的主要功能－调峰填谷作用以及较高的可靠性出发,以安徽琅琊山抽水蓄能电站为例,首先对抽水蓄能电站在电力系统中运行产生的节煤效益进行了计算和评价,然后对抽水蓄能电站最优运行方式进行了研究,从而证明了随机生产模拟方法的实用性,并由此得出了抽水蓄能电站的最佳运行方式。     

对配套风电开发的抽水蓄能电站发展的若干问题分析

提出有关实施抽水蓄能电站滚动规划调整、节水设计和重视选址等思路;研究与风电配套抽水蓄能电站调峰运行应关注的若干问题;探讨抽水蓄能电站的有关投资和经营管理制度政策的改进方式。     

抽水蓄能电站综合经济效益分析计算

结合抽水蓄能电站的运行特点，从整个电力系统出发，采用随机模拟方法，分析计算了抽水蓄能电站人电力系统带来的综合经济效益。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to