水温对培氟沙星在鲤体内的药动学及残留的影响研究

为研究不同水温对培氟沙星在鲤体内药代动力学特征和残留消除规律的影响,以期对培氟沙星药物残留进行有效监控,选取18和25℃水温条件下,按体质量10mg/kg的剂量对鲤单次混饲口灌给药后,于不同时间点采集组织样品经超高效液相色谱法测定培氟沙星含量.结果显示:高温组的达峰时间(2h)早于低温组(4h),达峰浓度(2.360mg/L)高于低温组(2.092mg/L);高温组和低温组的表观分布容积Vd、总体清除率CL与温度呈正相关,分别为5.73L/kg、0.191L·h-1·kg-1和5.464L/kg、0.17L·h-1·kg-1;药时曲线下总面积AUC与消除半衰期t1/2 z与水温呈负相关,分别为66.278mg·L-1·h-1、20.317h和88.346mg·L-1·h-1、22.301h;肌肉、肝胰脏、肾脏组织中培氟沙星的药物含量于给药后2h时高温组较低温组分别提高了8.9%、15.6%和17.4%.研究结果表明,水温变化对鲤体内药物的吸收、分布、代谢和消除均有显著影响.     

不同浓度GA3对萝卜和玉米种子发芽率及幼苗生长的影响

为了研究微生物代谢产物赤霉素GA3对萝卜和玉米种子发芽率及幼苗生长的影响,采用不同浓度的GA3对萝卜、玉米种子及幼苗进行处理,研究结果表明:GA3浓度为10～40mg/L时对萝卜的发芽率和幼苗生长有促进作用,其中20mg/L时发芽率最大,为84%;10mg/L时对幼苗生长促进效果最好.5～40mg/L时对玉米幼苗高度有促进作用,其中30mg/L时对玉米幼苗高度的促进作用最大,5～10mg/L时对玉米幼苗地上部分干鲜重促进作用最大,20mg/L时对玉米幼苗根部干鲜重促进作用最大.结论:适当浓度的GA3对提高萝卜种子发芽率有促进作用;10～40mg/L的GA3处理后的萝卜和玉米幼苗均表现为促进生长.     

浸没式MBR处理洗浴废水

以规模3 m^3/d浸没式MBR中试设备进行了洗浴废水处理效果的实验研究.原水COD为53.5～341.0 mg/L, NH4-N为7.2～39.1 mg/L,LAS为1.2～5.8 mg/L,浊度为13～152 ntu;经膜生物反应器的处理后出水COD为8.2～23.5 mg/L,去除率为90.9%, NH4-N为0.2～13.5 mg/L,去除率为71.0%,LAS为0～0.2 mg/L,去除率在90%以上, 浊度为1～7 ntu,去除率92%.说明膜生物反应器处理洗浴废水能够取得良好的效果,尤其是进水有机物质量浓度变化较大的情况下,仍然保持好的去除效果.     

污泥浓度对膜生物反应器处理焦化废水的影响

为提高膜生物反应器对焦化废水的处理效果,在不同污泥质量浓度条件下进行膜生物反应器处理焦化废水实验,分析污泥质量浓度对污染物去除效果及膜污染的影响。结果表明：污泥质量浓度为4 000 mg/L左右时处理效果最佳,出水酚类质量浓度为5.88 mg/L,去除率达98.39%;NH3-N的质量浓度维持在15 mg/L,去除率为87%;COD的出水质量浓度为31 mg/L,去除率达到98.4%。污泥质量浓度在3 000～5 000 mg/L时,膜通量变化幅度较小,6 000 mg/L时膜通量急剧下降。     

复合生物反应器处理制药废水的启动研究

进行了复合式生物反应器处理化学合成类制药废水的启动试验,结果表明系统启动时间较短,具有良好的抗冲击负荷能力。当进水质量浓度COD为810mg/L～1210mg/L,NH3-N为31mg/L～82mg/L,SS为310mg/L～572mg/L时,其去除率最高分别达到70%、50%和85%以上,系统运行呈现出了良好的稳定性。     

羧甲基甲壳素/聚砜复合纳滤膜对中水的深度处理研究

考察了一种新型荷负电羧甲基甲壳素/聚砜复合纳滤膜对中水的处理效果.结果表明:室温下,在压力为1.0MPa、流速为30L/h,城市生活污水经过物理生化处理产生的中水经纳滤膜处理后,溶解态总磷、硝态和亚硝态总氮及CODCr的平均截留率分别可达70%、83%和95%以上,而色度的截留率几乎达100%.纳滤膜出水CODCr质量浓度在3.7～7.8mg/L之间,达到GB3838-2002地面水Ⅰ类环境质量标准;硝态和亚硝态总氮(以N计)质量浓度在2.7～3.7mg/L之间,达到GB3838-2002集中式生活饮用水地表水标准;溶解态总磷(以P计)质量浓度在1.2～1.6mg/L之间,已接近1mg/L的污水GB8978-1996Ⅱ级排放标准.荷负电纳滤膜适于中水脱磷、脱氮、脱CODCr的深度处理及含磷废水的脱磷处理.     

利用球形红细菌降低小麦、油菜幼苗中镉积累的研究

采用水培试验,研究了光合细菌球形红细菌（Rhodobacter sphaeroides）菌液对重金属镉胁迫下小麦（Triticum aestivum）和油菜（Brassica campestris）幼苗生长及富集镉的效应.结果表明,镉的添加浓度为0.5 mg/L、10 mg/L、20 mg/L,菌液的浓度为35 mg/L、70 mg/L（湿重）时,小麦和油菜幼苗生长受到的镉抑制都有不同程度的缓解,几项生长指标都有一定的增长,其中小麦茎叶长度,根系长度和鲜重的增长率范围依次为3.16%～11.26%、2.46%～6.85%、11.34%～65.82%;油菜相应的增长率为0.98%～14.71%,5.80%～34.42%,3.93%～27.63%;加入菌液后两种植物各部分镉积累也有不同的程度的降低,小麦茎叶,根系,整株镉的降低率范围依次为8.30%～16.36%、3.78%～31.70%、3.38%～15.04%;油菜相应的降低率为1.05%～12.30%、50.59%～58.48%、0.89%～25.19%.同浓度镉处理下,加入菌液与未加入菌液的处理之间存在差异.     

同多钼酸分光光度法测定抗坏血酸

研究了抗坏血酸与同多钼酸在浓度为0.24mol/L的硫酸介质中形成钼蓝的反应.抗坏血酸的浓度0～12mg/L范围内符合朗伯比尔定律,相关系数r=0.9997.加标回收率在98%～102%之间,RSD≤0.28%.用于药物中抗坏血酸的测定,结果满意.     

快速测定化学耗氧量(COD)准确性的研究

研究了快速法测定COD的准确性与溶液浓度的关系,分析了不同催化剂及反应温度对测定准确性的影响.水样COD质量浓度在18.14～54.42 mg/L时,绝对误差为0～1 mg;在较高质量浓度(72.56～390.53 mg/L)时,绝对误差为1～10 mg;当增加到585.80～1 952.65 mg/L时,绝对误差增加到10～30 mg.而相对误差值在以上3种质量浓度情况下为0.8%～5.1%.反应温度在140～165 ℃时,相对误差为0.9%～1.0%.用快速法测定了工业废水中的COD值.     

两段BAF处理生活污水中试研究

采用两段曝气生物滤池处理生活污水进行了试验研究,探讨了不同的水力停留时间(HRT)对处理效果的影响.结果表明:HRT为1～4 h时,进水COD质量浓度98～154.2 mg/L 的条件下,COD的去除率平均为74.1%,SS的去除率平均为84.5%,NH3-N去除率平均为55.4%,出水COD降至18.6～50.4 mg/ L,SS降至4.8～14 mg/ L,NH3-N降至1.7～28.4 mg/ L;发现NH3-N随着HRT变化较大,COD和TSS变化不显著.同时对第二段生物滤池内生物相特征进行了深入研究,并试验出该系统处理生活污水各段最佳的反冲洗周期.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.