基于防护速度的高速磁浮辅助停车区设置

为了在满足高速磁浮列车安全连续运行需求的前提下节约建设成本,提出了一种基于速度防护曲线的辅助停车区设置算法.在此基础上给出了一种基于基准运行速度曲线的辅助停车区算法,同时能满足多目标速度曲线并存的线路上列车安全连续运行的要求.考虑了列车运行控制系统安全性的要求,给出了工程应用中相应的辅助停车区调整方法,并在一定工况条件下进行了仿真计算,结果表明该辅助停车区算法能在一定程度上降低高速磁浮交通系统的建设成本.     

多目标列车节能调度模型及模糊优化算法

在保证行车安全、满足乘客需求的基础上,以节能为目标的列车调度模型及算法得到了广泛研究与应用。伴随着欧盟制定了全球首个碳排放交易体系,碳排放指标交易费用受到越来越多的重视,并逐步成为列车运营成本的重要组成部分。本文建立了以能耗成本、碳排放成本、列车运行时间为优化目标的单线列车调度模型,并采用多目标模糊优化算法进行求解。算例以一条铁路线路为研究对象,在Lingo下对算例进行求解分析,结果表明了多目标模糊优化算法具有很好的优化能力,并能达到节能减排的效果。     

基于多目标混沌遗传算法的列车控制策略优化

为得到一组满意的行车控制策略,构建了列车运行多目标模型,并以列车运行动力学模型为基础求得列车局部运行控制策略制定方法。使用基于混沌优化的多目标遗传算法对列车控制策略进行优化研究,以相位转换点作为基因序列,多个基因组成染色体形成一套控制策略。使用混沌初始化种群,结合精英保留策略,增加了种群的多样性,并提高算法收敛能力。最后采用Matlab软件仿真验证了方法的可行性及有效性。     

高速铁路区间完全中断场景双向到发线运用优化

针对高速铁路区间完全中断场景下的列车运行调整问题，提出了双向到发线运用优化策略。从宏观角度将列车运行过程抽象为由事件和活动构成的网络，对提出的双向到发线运用策略进行建模，建立高速铁路区间完全中断场景下列车运行调整混合整数线性规划（MILP）模型。根据现场实时性要求，采用自编算法与商业优化软件Gurobi相结合的方式对模型进行求解。运用模型和算法对构建的9个现场中断案例进行算例测试。结果表明，双向到发线运用优化策略可以有效减少中断事件对列车运行的影响，相比于目前到发线运用策略，最多可减少10%的列车延误时间。     

基于乘客等待时间的城市轨道交通列车运行调整模型

研究突发事件导致列车晚点情况下城市轨道交通列车运行调整问题.从乘客角度出发,提出了“首站控制”和“多站协调控制”两类列车运行调整策略.考虑列车能力约束和列车区间运行时间、追踪间隔时间等运行条件约束,以受突发事件影响的全部乘客等待时间最小为优化目标,建立了基于两类调整策略的列车运行调整模型,采用Lingo软件进行求解.以某简化线路为算例,与不采取控制策略相比,两类策略下乘客等待时间均节省约9％,结果表明了模型的有效性,能够为轨道交通列车运行调整提供辅助支持.     

考虑辅助停车区约束的中速磁浮列车速度曲线节能优化方法

在分析中速磁浮列车动力学模型和节能运行工况转换序列的基础上,提出一种先以运行线路参数为依据划分场景,然后在特定场景中以双限速度防护曲线的临界点为依据进一步细分区间的建模思想,进而构建满足目标运行时间约束下的多区间列车速度曲线节能优化模型,并给出一种基于不同运行工况转换点的求解思路以及多区间列车节能速度曲线的Pareto优化方法。研究结果表明:与现有列车速度曲线节能优化方法对比,本文优化方法针对磁浮列车运行的适用性和优化效果更好。     

列车节能运行模型和操纵策略优化

分析了列车能量流程 ,描述了列车节能控制目标 ,并以站间运行时间和运行距离为约束条件 ,以列车运行能耗作为目标函数 ,给出了机械能模型以及具有有限手柄级位的列车离散型控制模型和无级控制连续型模型 .针对无级控制连续型模型 ,建立了哈密顿函数 ,并应用 Pontryagin算法得到了优化操纵策略和模型解     

求解复杂多目标优化问题MOEA/D-GEP算法

针对复杂多目标优化问题,提出一种基于演化建模的MOEA/D（基于分解的多目标遗传算法）求解算法（MOEA/D-GEP）.该算法利用MOEA/D算法思想分解多目标优化问题,对分解后得到的可行解用基于模拟退火的GEP算法建模,从中选取预测值较好的点进入下一次真实适应值的计算.采用国际公认的ZDT,DTLZ等测试函数进行实验验证,并与MOEA/D-EGO演化多目标优化算法进行了比较.实验结果表明：该算法在IGD性能指标上有较好的表现,说明将演化建模技术引入MOEA/D算法提高了种群个体分布模型的精度,降低了求解复杂多目标优化问题的计算成本.     

利用模型管理框架求解多目标优化问题

为了提高演化算法的效率，减少优化时间，提出一种多目标模型管理框架。利用该模型管理框架可以在整个寻优区域内建立比较精确的目标及约束的近似模型，从而避免了大量耗时的高精度分析计算。将该多目标模型管理框架与单纯形-多目标粒子群算法（SM-MOPSO）相结合，对某轻型飞机齿轮箱减速器进行多目标优化设计，使高精确分析计算的次数减少88％。该多目标模型管理框架及SM-MOPSO算法可用于求解大型、复杂的工程优化问题。     

复杂建筑火灾中的人员疏散路径多目标规划

针对复杂建筑火灾中的人员疏散动态路径优化策略问题,以火灾情境下的动态疏散网络数据模型为基础,结合网络流优化和群智能方法,构建以最短时间、最小风险水平和最大疏散容量为目标的路径优化模型.通过改进的自适应果蝇算法,实现了节点和路径容量受限的动态疏散路径规划.通过对所建模型的性能测试和疏散过程实验,验证了多目标路径优化模型的有效性.实验结果也反映了多目标路径规划策略更加贴近复杂建筑火灾中的人员疏散实际情况,对于规划不确定因素影响下的复杂空间疏散路径具有可行性.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.