基于煤矿瓦斯浓度的窄带光源谐波检测技术研究

在对煤矿瓦斯气体浓度的检测中,由于噪声、气体的吸收峰很窄、光源波长随温度的漂移等原因将引起测量的不稳定,通过采用对激光器的中心波长和气体吸收峰中心波长对准,测量光经过气体时的损耗就可以检测气体的浓度,利用一次谐波作为误差信号,可将光源精确地锁定在气体吸收峰上,并给出了窄带光源谐波检测的理论依据.实验结果表明,该方法可应用于甲烷气体浓度的光谱测量,它具有高精度、强选择性、快速响应等特点.     

基于TDLAS一次谐波的甲烷浓度检测系统及其温度补偿研究

本文结合甲烷1 653.72 nm波长2v3带R3支气体吸收线,分析温度变化对甲烷吸收线的谱线特性及甲烷气体浓度测量产生的影响。基于可调谐二极管激光吸收光谱与波长调制光谱技术,应用一次谐波信号检测甲烷气体的浓度,通过温度补偿抑制环境温度变化给检测带来的干扰。实验结果表明,研制的甲烷浓度检测系统的性能稳定,利用温度补偿系数校准后系统测量偏差在1%以内,可以有效地提高系统的检测精度。     

基于一次谐波的光谱吸收式甲烷气体传感器设计

甲烷气体检测是工业生产、环境监测和科学研究领域中的一个重要研究课题.该文在基于波长调制技术的光谱吸收式光纤气体检测方法的基础上,分析了一次谐波信号的数学模型,提出了一种基于一次谐波设计的光纤甲烷气体传感器的实施方案,设计精确的电流和温度电路控制垂直腔面发射激光器,利用锁相放大器AD630提取一次谐波信号幅度,实现对不同浓度的甲烷气体进行测量.实验结果表明,一次谐波信号幅度与浓度存在着很好的线性关系,分辨率达到20ppm.该系统消除了光源波动的影响,工作稳定,简化了结构,调试简便.     

光纤气体传感器的研究

基于气体在吸收峰波长下对光的吸收随浓度变化的机理,研制一种光纤式气全监测仪。根据被测气体的吸收峰对应的波长选择ＬＥＤ作为光源。采用不同频率的光源驱劝电路实现多种气体浓度的产时检测。为保证测量精度,信号处理采用相敏以及测量信号与参考信号比值技术。对甲烷和乙炔气体浓度的检测实验表明,系统具有一定的检测灵敏度和精度。仪器和系统不驻适于甲烷和乙炔气体浓度的检测,稍加改变结构参数,也可测量其它气体的浓度。     

基于C8051单片机的光纤气体检测系统设计

以C8051单片机为平台介绍了光纤气体检测系统的实现.文中以甲烷为待测气体,利用傅里叶级数分解对气体吸收信号进行分析,并利用一次谐波信号检测甲烷气体浓度.文中对气体检测系统各模块的功能进行分析,详细分析了数据采集与处理部分的实现,设计了相应软件流程,对测试结果进行分析.系统实时性好,在煤矿瓦斯气体监测领域有广泛应用前景.     

光纤痕量气体检测系统的研究

基于气体对某一特定波长激光的吸收特性,利用调制技术及扫描技术,通过锁相放大检测二次谐波分量,实现了痕量气体的检测。实验结果表明,该系统灵敏度高,稳定性强,能适应气体检测的实用化。     

基于光纤环衰荡腔的甲烷传感系统

为测量甲烷气体浓度,设计基于光谱吸收原理测量气体浓度的传感系统。该系统利用光纤环衰荡腔代替传统的光学腔,使光源产生的光脉冲信号在光纤环中多次循环吸收,延长了吸收路径,从而大大缩短了气室长度。利用该系统对甲烷气体浓度进行测量,对测量结果的参数进行分析,并通过实验仿真得到甲烷气体浓度与光脉冲信号衰荡时间的关系。结果表明:实验结果与理论相符,证明所设计系统正确可靠。     

基于光纤传感器的甲烷气体浓度信号采集方法

基于光谱吸收法设计了一种反射型光谱吸收光纤传感器网络结构,该结构可以完成对远距离多点甲烷气体浓度的实时测量。为了能够保证光谱扫描波长中心值与甲烷气体吸收峰相同,激光光源通过波长调制光谱完成调制,采用调整三角波的幅值与偏移量对光源波长进行调整。在接收端,为了对光电信号进行有效的采集,设计了一种多点高速信号的采集方法,并分析其调制深度的影响。实验证明,软件采集算法以及合适的调制深度能够满足工程中光纤气体传感器多点采集的精度要求。     

基于差分光学吸收光谱技术检测室内空气质量研究

基于差分光学吸收光谱法原理,研究了一套室内空气质量检测装置.用可调谐二极管激光作为传感光源,采用波长调制方法,通过对谐波信号进行光电探测可得气体浓度.还特别设计了一个利用多个凹面反射镜来延长测量光程的光学系统,可提高系统的检测灵敏度.     

基于无线传感网络的大气环境pm2.5污染状况实时监测

大气环境中以PM2.5污染问题最为突出。由于无线传威网络的迅速发展为大气环境的实时监测提供了便利条件,于是提出对PM2.5污染状况进行监测。首先,以大气光谱吸收原理为基础,将谐波检测技术与双光路差分法结合后对气体中的PM2.5颗粒浓度物进行检测。由于气体中颗粒物对光谱吸收受波长影响,通过利用激光器的调频特性对发射光源进行调整,获取的输出光信号与调制频率相关,从而得到谐波分量信号中的大气PM2.5颗粒物浓度。其次,运用无线传感网的网络路由器将信号传输到监测终端,并利用人工鱼群理论对目标区域的网络覆盖率、未休眠节点及系统能耗等进行优化,达到有效采集PM2.5浓度信号以完成污染状况监测的目的。实验证明通过对大气环境PM2.5污染状况的有效监测为雾霾治理提供了数据支持。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to