电磁过滤A1-Si合金熔体中初生富铁相去除效率的理论分析

采用柱塞流及轨线模型建立了电磁过滤水平流动Al-Si合金熔体中初生富铁相的去除效率模型,并进行理论分析.结果表明,初生富铁相的去除效率随着熔体流速(u)和过滤器的高度(2h)降低而增加;随着电磁力(f)、电磁力作用区长度(x)和初生富铁相的粒径(dp)的增加而增加.采用电磁过滤可有效去除Al-Si合金熔体中粒径大于30 μm的初生富铁相,计算结果与水平流动Al-Si合金熔体的电磁过滤实验结果相吻合.该模型可用来设计过滤器的结构和工艺参数的确定,为电磁去除铝合金中的初生富铁相技术的工业应用提供理论基础.     

电磁过滤Al-Si合金熔体中初生富铁相去除效率的理论分析

采用柱塞流及轨线模型建立了电磁过滤水平流动Al-Si合金熔体中初生富铁相的去除效率模型,并进行理论分析.结果表明,初生富铁相的去除效率随着熔体流速(u)和过滤器的高度(2h)降低而增加;随着电磁力(f)、电磁力作用区长度(x)和初生富铁相的粒径(dp)的增加而增加.采用电磁过滤可有效去除Al-Si合金熔体中粒径大于30μm的初生富铁相,计算结果与水平流动Al-Si合金熔体的电磁过滤实验结果相吻合.该模型可用来设计过滤器的结构和工艺参数的确定,为电磁去除铝合金中的初生富铁相技术的工业应用提供理论基础.     

电磁力场下初生富铁相在Al—Si熔体中的运动速度

采用物理模拟方法确定了Re=1-10的阻力系数经验公式，经理论分析建立了在电磁力场作用下Al-Si熔体中初生富铁相的运动方程，得出初生富铁相的运动速度随着电磁力（f)和初生富铁相的粒径的增加而增加，在电磁力场下，初生富铁相的运动速度与重力沉降速度比（ζ）随f增加而增加，当f=0.2MN/m2时，ζ=7-10.ζ     

电磁分离降低铝硅合金中铁含量

利用电磁分离法去除铝熔体中初生富铁相,以降低合金中铁含量,并在自制电磁分离实验装置上对A-12%S-1.1F-1.2%Mn熔体进行连续电磁分离,结果表明,经过一次电磁分离使熔体中＞10um的初生富铁相全部去除,铁含量从1．13％降低到0．67％,而处理后的合金重熔凝固后仍然形成大量初生富铁相,再次进行电磁分离处理则使铁含量进一步降低到0．41％,Fe铝熔体中扩散和富铁相的凝固特性决定需要两次以上电磁分离才能有效地降低合金中铁含量,达到了铝硅合金工业生产的需要。     

熔体预结晶状态对Al-20% Si合金中初生Si相的影响

通过将Al-30%Si高温熔体与已开始结晶的Al-10%Si熔体相混合,并在不同过热条件下凝固,研究过共晶Al-20%Si熔体的预结晶状态对合金凝固组织的影响.结果表明:改变了合金预结晶状态的混合熔体可以获得分布均匀、尺寸小于40μm的初生Si,且过热处理可以进一步细化初生Si相.分析表明,将900℃的Al-30%Si熔体与580℃的Al-10%Si熔体混合可使Al-20%Si混合熔体的温度大幅降低至670℃,远低于两熔体混合前温度的平均值740℃,从而增大了合金液在凝固时的过冷度,细化初生Si相.过热混合熔体时,由于熔体微区仍存在成分和温度的不均匀性,使初生Si尺寸进一步减小.     

固液反应球磨制备Al-Cu-Fe与Al-Si-Fe三元合金

利用固液反应球磨技术,采用Fe球球磨液态Al-Cu和A1-Si三元合金,研究了Al-Cu-Fe和Al-Si-Fe三元合金相形成规律.在923 K球磨液态的Al-33.2%Cu共晶合金,球磨48 h后,得到Al13Cu4Fe3的固相粉末;在943 K球磨Al-54%Cu(Al2Cu)合金熔体,球磨24 h后,Al2Cu的液相消失,得到了固相的Al65Cu20Fe15和Al13Cu4Fe3混合粉末;在963 K球磨Al-7%Si亚共晶合金熔体,球磨48 h后,Al-Si液相消失,得到固态的Al8Fe2Si合金粉末;在963 K球磨Al-12.6%Si共晶合金熔体,球磨48 h后,Al-Si的液相消失,得到固态的Al8Fe2Si粉末;在1133 K球磨Al-30%Si过共晶合金熔体,球磨24 h后,Al-Si的液相消失,得到固态的Al3FeSi合金粉末.在上述球磨中,若加入一定量的Fe粉,将加速反应进程.固液反应球磨产物是在打击剥离的过程中制得的.     

高频磁场下熔体夹杂迁移行为的研究

本文研究了高频磁场中熔体夹杂的迁移行为,利用感应线圈产生的高频磁场,选取Al-2%Fe、Al-5%Fe合金中的产生的富铁相作为研究对象。颗粒与熔体之间的导电率存在很大的差异,当外加磁场时,产生的电磁力作用于熔体,固相颗粒将向分离器外壁面迁移而除去。通过加入变质剂Mn元素研究其对富铁相形貌的影响,研究表明:在Mn/Fe的摩尔比为1.4～1.5时,针状的富铁相变成了块状或汉字状,减小富铁相再熔体中迁移受到的阻力,使之更利于在熔体中迁移,并进一步探讨了电磁分离过程中各工艺参数对夹杂颗粒迁移行为和实际分离效率的影响。     

固液反应球磨制备Al-Cu-Co三元金属间化合物

利用固液反应球磨技术制备了Al-Cu-Co三元合金．分别采用Co球球磨Al-33．2％Cu(此文中的百分比为质量分数),Al-54％Cu(A12Cu)和Al-70％Cu(A1QJ)二元合金熔体,在923K和973K球磨Al-33．2％Cu熔体12h后生成Al65Co15Cu20粉末;在923K和1023K球磨24h后生成Al69Co25Cu6粉末,在893K和993K分别球磨Al-54％Cu(A12Cu)合金熔体12h和24h后均生成Al65Co15Cu2n粉末;在1123K球磨Al-70％Cu合金熔体24h后生成Al65Co15Cu20粉末．采用Al-Cu-Co固液反应球磨得到的金属间化合物粉末为纳米粒子．同时,对Al-Cu-Co三元合金相形成的规律进行了研究,对固液反应球磨机理进行了探讨．在固液反应球磨过程中,三元合金产物的元素摩尔比接近于二元母合金中的元素摩尔比;三元合金产物成分中固相第三组元的成分含量与二元母合金熔体成分有很大关系;提高反应球磨温度、延长球磨时间有利于三元合金产物的形成;延长球磨时间,形成的三元合金产物中磨球的成分增加;反应球磨温度超出二元母合金熔点越高,球磨反应越容易进行．     

压力铸造对亚共晶Al-11Si-1.8Cu合金的组织细化作用

以亚共晶铸造Al-11Si-1.8Cu合金为研究对象,基于普通重力铸造和高压压力铸造条件下合金的组织分析,研究了压力铸造对亚共晶Al-11Si-1.8Cu合金的组织细化作用,结果表明:与普通重力铸造相比,压力铸造不但能明显细化亚共晶Al-11Si-1.8Cu合金组织中的初生a-Al和共晶Si相,还使合金组织中初生a-Al相的形态由树枝状转变成了球状,并且随着高压压铸压力的增大,初生a-Al相的球状形态越圆整和细小,同时合金组织中共晶Si相的析出也明显受到抑制.     

电磁相分离法制备自生表层复合材料

采用电磁相分离法制备出以初生富铁相(AlSiFeMn复杂金属间化合物)为增强相,表层硬度为 HB 62.25,基体硬度为HB 59.00的Al-11.70%Si-1.20%Fe-1.50%Mn合金自生表层复合材料.增强相的显微硬度为HV 842.87,大小为20～80 μm.该表层复合材料同基体材料相比,耐磨性提高了57.41%.该方法工艺过程简单、成本低,为解决材料在服役环境中不同部位、不同性能的问题提供了新途径.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.