基于颗粒粒径分布的褐煤烟气干燥过程建模

褐煤在制粉系统干燥下降管中的温度历程决定了其脱挥发份过程,影响了系统的安全和可靠性。粒径分布不均是下降管中的褐煤干燥过程的重要特点。该文基于颗粒内部的干湿区和退缩蒸发界面假设构建褐煤干燥模型,研究了不同粒径分布下褐煤的干燥过程,并对于实际工况和影响因素进行了分析。结果表明,干燥过程开始受到小颗粒控制,随后受大颗粒控制。小颗粒的干燥过程可以分为干燥阶段、升温阶段、降温和平衡阶段。实际情况下,毫米级小颗粒在干燥管中具有可燃挥发分析出的危险,其主要影响因素是初始烟气温度与平衡温度;窄粒径分布可以减少小颗粒份额,降低可燃挥发分析出的影响。     

土壤失水干燥的动力学实验研究

对不同质地的土壤失水干燥的动力学过程进行了试验研究．结果表明，不同质地土壤失水干燥过程存在3个阶段：稳定失水阶段、快速失水阶段和土壤干燥阶段；设定干燥温度和土壤的初始含水率对失水干燥速率有较大的影响，设定温度越高，失水速率越大，土壤由湿变干越快，初始含水量越大，土壤由湿变干的时间越长；在同一的温度和初始含水量条件下，失水干燥速率与土壤质地无关；土壤失水干燥的动力学曲线可用二次多项式进行描述．     

石灰石闪速加热高温煅烧过程中的CO_2逸出行为

在大功率碳管炉内模拟利用转炉余热闪速加热高温煅烧石灰石的工艺过程,研究煅烧温度(1200~1500℃)和石灰石粒径(4~27.5mm)对石灰石颗粒在高温热分解过程中CO_2逸出行为的影响。结果表明,石灰石粒径一定时,煅烧温度越高,CaCO_3分解初期逸出CO_2的速率越大,达到CO_2逸出速率最大值的时间也越短;煅烧温度一定时,石灰石粒径越小,CO_2逸出速率曲线峰值越高,到达曲线峰值的时间也越短。煅烧温度不超过1300℃时,随着石灰石粒径的增大,试样转化率和CO_2逸出速率的变化明显放缓;而煅烧温度达到1350℃后,粒径对CO_2逸出速率的影响较小。在1500℃煅烧温度下,经过400~445s,不同粒径石灰石颗粒的分解转化率均已接近100%。     

油田采油污水污泥干燥特性实验研究

以辽河油田某采油污水污泥为研究对象,在分析理化特性的基础上,研究了影响含油污泥干燥过程的因素及其规律.实验结果表明,掺煤量、粒径、干燥风温度、干燥风流量是影响油田含油污泥干燥速率的主要因素.掺煤比例越大,粒径越小,干燥风温度越高(在一定温度范围内),干燥风流量越大(在一定流量范围内),干燥速率越大;且当掺煤比例为20%,粒径为20 mm,干燥风温度为125℃时,这些因素对污泥干燥的强化效果愈加明显.     

考虑含水劣化的泥质粉砂岩单轴蠕变特性研究

基于不同含水状态下T2b2泥质粉砂岩蠕变特性的试验研究结果,建立蠕变模量与含水率之间的数学关系式,表明含水率越大蠕变模量越小.将岩石的含水损伤定义为瞬间弹性损伤和长期蠕变损伤,结合试验结果确立了损伤变量和损伤演化方程,并基于泥质粉砂岩非线性蠕变方程建立了可考虑含水损伤的岩石蠕变模型.针对含水率恒定与变化两种情况下的理论和试验结果分别进行了对比分析,结果表明:①含水率恒定情况下,理论曲线和实验曲线的变化趋势是一致的;②变含水率情况下,理论曲线是介于饱和状态和干燥状态蠕变曲线之间的一种特殊曲线,不同吸水速率对应的瞬间弹性应变与干燥状态相等;吸水速率越大,初始蠕变速率越大,蠕变应变量也越大;吸水速率越小,岩石进入稳定蠕变阶段所需时间越长.     

高含水率疏浚泥自重沉积过程中颗粒分选规律

通过疏浚泥自重沉积试验,对沉积结束后的疏浚泥进行分层取样,并进行颗粒粒径分析,探讨高含水率疏浚泥自重沉积过程中颗粒分选规律.试验结果表明:初始含水率越高,液限、黏粒质量分数越低,土样越容易发生分选.导入分选度定量评价疏浚泥的颗粒分选程度,建立了分选度随初始含水率变化规律模型,该模型中将土样随初始含水率由低至高分为3个阶段:不分选阶段、分选度增长阶段和分选度稳定阶段,并给出了临界含水率的变化趋势.另外,对于初始状态处于分选度稳定阶段的疏浚泥,分选后的黏粒质量分数沿深度呈分段线性分布,且与初始含水率无关.     

乳化沥青干燥过程的影响因素

基于乳液干燥成膜理论研究乳化沥青干燥过程,分析干燥过程的影响因素,探讨乳化沥青干燥过程与稳定性之间的关联关系。结果表明:乳化剂掺量和皂液p H值对乳化沥青的干燥过程影响较小,而干燥温度和试样厚度对干燥过程影响较大;厚度10 mm的乳化沥青试样与厚度3 mm试样初始干燥速率相近,但3 mm试样干燥至水分临界状态体积分数(φ_m)的时间是10 mm试样的1.2倍;60℃时乳化沥青试样初始干燥速率约为30℃时的4.2倍,而干燥至φ_m的时间只需30℃时的约1/4;乳化沥青1 d贮存稳定性越差,平均粒径越大,zeta电位越小,水分临界状态体积分数φ_m越小,表明乳化沥青越不稳定,越容易破乳,相同条件下水分干燥的越充分。     

合成纤维织物和棉织物热风干燥特性的实验研究

采用合成纤维和棉织物作为实验样品，对纤维织物的热风干燥过程进行了实验研究，得到了在不同干燥工况条件下的纤维织物温度和干基含水率变化曲线，对合成纤维织物和棉织物的表面温度和干基含水率变化特性进行了仔细分析。在热风干燥中，织物温度与干基含水率均存在4个 阶段的变化，不同的织物具有不同的干燥特性。织物的干燥是在恒速干燥阶段完成，其干燥速率由水分表面气化速度所控制；纤维织物热风干燥的临界含水率约为10％左右，降低织物的临界含水率和延长织物的恒速干燥阶段时间均有助于提高织物的干燥质量。     

流态化炭催化剂粉末在非等容管道中的爆炸特性研究

针对炭催化CH4-CO2重整反应体系(炭催化剂+O2+CH4+CO2)易燃易爆的特性,在预热的非等容管道中对流态化粉状炭催化剂爆炸特性进行了实验研究,考察了流态化炭催化剂浓度、挥发分、预热温度、流态化炭催化剂粒径、初始压力等对流态化炭催化剂的最大爆炸压力和最大爆炸压力上升速率的影响.研究表明,最大爆炸压力和最大爆炸压力上升速率随流态化炭催化剂浓度变化,呈抛物线形式分布;炭材料挥发分越高,最大爆炸压力和最大爆炸压力上升速率越大,其对应的最佳爆炸浓度也越低;爆炸装置的初始温度越低,流态化炭催化剂最大爆炸压力和最大爆炸压力上升速率越大,且温度越低流态化炭催化剂最佳爆炸浓度越大;流态化炭催化剂粒径越小,最大爆炸压力和最大爆炸压力上升速率越大;随着初始压力的升高,最大爆炸压力以及最大爆炸压力上升速率逐渐升高,且呈线性分布.     

高温颗粒引燃转炉煤气的实验研究

为分析转炉煤气显热回收过程中被高温颗粒引燃危险性,自行设计了激光辐射加热氧化铁颗粒引燃转炉煤气实验平台.以转炉煤气/空气混合物压力及温度变化为引燃判据,研究不同初始温度及粒径颗粒引燃混合物的规律.结果表明,转炉煤气/空气混合物存在引燃敏感浓度,当受辐射颗粒粒径相同、初始温度为100℃时混合物敏感浓度比35℃时上升了5%;初始温度为35,100,200℃时,粒径1.5 mm的颗粒引燃温度比0.5 mm的分别下降137.6,145及134.5℃;颗粒粒径为0.5,1.0及1.5 mm时,初始温度为200℃时的引燃温度比35℃时分别下降了19.8,11.6及16.7℃.研究结果对高温转炉煤气进入换热器前设置除尘粒径限制具有参考意义.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.