AZ31镁合金的超塑性研究

在温度为400～440℃、应变速率为10-2～10-4 s-1的范围内研究AZ31镁合金的超塑性.结果表明,当应变速率不小于5×10-3 s-1时,AZ31镁合金的超塑性伸长率随着温度的升高而增大.对应变速率敏感指数和拉伸试样的宏观断裂特征分析表明,应变速率敏感指数是影响超塑性的主要因素.当应变速率不大于5×10-4 s-1时,AZ31镁合金在420℃时具有最大伸长率.对断裂试样的颈缩现象和断口空洞的SEM分析表明,空洞是影响超塑性的主要因素.     

GCr_(15)钢Ac_1温度以上的组织超塑性

本文对低合金模具钢GCr_(15)Ac_1温度以上的组织超塑性进行了研究.结果表明,GCr_(15)钢经循环淬火超细化处理后,在Ac_1温度以上可实现超塑性,在780～800℃及0.4～2.8×10~(-2)min~(-1)条件下变形时可获得较好的超塑性能,其最大延伸率大于25%、流变应力小于40MPa,应变速率敏感性指数m为0.32,超塑变形后立即淬火,硬度≥HRC60.     

Superplastic Behavior and Deformation Mechanisms of AI-12.7Si-0.7Mg Alloy

对Al-12.7Si-0.7Mg合金在Instron5500电子万能材料试验机上进行超塑性拉伸实验.通过对该合金超塑性过程中延伸率δ,应变速率敏感性指数m值的计算,获得了不同变形温度、不同应变速率下δ和m值的变化规律.该合金在温度为793 K,应变速率为1.67×10-4s-1时,合金的应变速率敏感性指数和延伸率均达到最大值,分别为0.44,379%.分别构建了该合金的功率耗散率图以及铝合金RWS变形机理图.运用功率耗散率图预报该合金的超塑性变形区域;应用铝合金变形机理图并结合该合金超塑性拉伸前后显微组织变化规律,根据不同温度下Al-12.7Si-0.7Mg合金柏氏矢量补偿的晶粒尺寸值、模量补偿的应力值预报该合金的超塑性拉伸变形机理.     

Al-12.7Si-0.7Mg合金超塑性变形行为及变形机理

对Al-12.7Si-0.7Mg合金在Instron5500电子万能材料试验机上进行超塑性拉伸实验.通过对该合金超塑性过程中延伸率δ,应变速率敏感性指数m值的计算,获得了不同变形温度、不同应变速率下δ和m值的变化规律.该合金在温度为793 K,应变速率为1.67×10-4s-1时,合金的应变速率敏感性指数和延伸率均达到最大值,分别为0.44,379%.分别构建了该合金的功率耗散率图以及铝合金RWS变形机理图.运用功率耗散率图预报该合金的超塑性变形区域;应用铝合金变形机理图并结合该合金超塑性拉伸前后显微组织变化规律,根据不同温度下Al-12.7Si-0.7Mg合金柏氏矢量补偿的晶粒尺寸值、模量补...     

不同温度和应变速率下TRIP钢的流动应力

对相变诱发塑性钢TRIP780进行了298,333,363 K温度下且应变速率为10-4,10-2,100,102,103 s-1时的单向拉伸试验.分析了TRIP780钢的流动应力对温度和应变速率的敏感性,并讨论了Johnson-Cook(JC)和Khan-Huang-Liang(KHL)流动应力模型对TRIP780钢的适用性.结果表明:TRIP780钢的流动应力呈现对应变速率的正向敏感性和对温度的负向敏感性,且在高应变速率下流动应力对应变速率的敏感性降低;JC模型对TRIP780钢流动应力拟合在小应变水平下比KHL模型更加准确,而KHL模型在大应变水平下有更高的精度.     

ZE10镁合金板的超塑变形行为

为研究ZE10镁合金板的超塑性能及超塑性变形过程中的组织演化特征,在200~400℃下以5.5×10-4~2.2×10-2s-1的应变速率对ZE10镁合金板进行了高温拉伸试验,并对其微观组织进行了分析.结果表明:ZE10镁合金板在350和400℃拉伸时具有良好的超塑性.在350和400℃下以5.5×10-4s-1的应变速率拉伸,延伸率分别为227%和270%.ZE10镁合金板的原始晶粒大小为25~30μm,在超塑性变形过程中晶粒大小无显著变化,显微组织为等轴晶组织.超塑性试样拉断时,断口具有典型的空洞形貌特征.     

Ni-42Al单相金属间化合物的超塑性

研究了原始晶粒尺寸为200μm的富Ni单相Ni-42Al金属间化合物的高温变形行为及组织演变规律.结果表明,该合金在1 000~1 100℃、应变速率(0.125~2)×10-3s-1内呈现超塑性变形,在1 075℃、应变速率为10-3s-1时,最大延伸率可达306%.研究发现,该合金的应变速率敏感指数m与应变温度及应变速率相关.实验条件下,m值在0.2~0.3变化.显微结构分析表明,原始大晶粒组织经超塑性变形后显著细化,大晶粒超塑性变形是通过位错的交滑移与攀移等交互作用发生的连续动态回复和再结晶导致的.     

GCr 15轴承钢的超塑性

本文对供应状态的GCr 15轴承钢实现超塑性的工艺作了比较全面的探索。其中就热处理的工艺对细化晶粒的作用;晶粒度、变形温度和速度对超塑性拉伸时延伸率的影响作了系统的试验。试验结果表明,重复二次油淬处理的实用价值最大,它的延伸率已大于500%。金属和合金的超塑性变形温度和速度,在一定范围内是相互影响的。因此GCr 15轴承铜在680～730℃之间和应变速率在1.2×10~(-2)～2×10~(-3)分~(-1)范围内都有较大延伸率的超塑性,其最小延伸率均大于400%,这就为它的采用超塑性成形创造了良好的条件。它在680℃ε=1.2×10~(-2)分~(-1)时最大的应变速率敏感性指数m=0.4。     

Al-Mg-Sc合金热压缩变形的流变应力行为

采用热模拟试验对1种Al-Mg-Sc合金进行等温热压缩实验,研究该合金在变形温度为300～450℃,应变速率0.001～1 s-1条件下的热压缩变形流变应力行为.结果表明:该Al-Mg-Sc合金在变形温度为300℃,应变速率0.01～1 s-1的条件下,流变应力开始随应变增加而增大,达到峰值后趋于平稳,表现出动态回复特征;而在其他条件下,应力达到峰值后随应变的增加而逐渐下降,表现出动态再结晶特征.应变速率和流变应力之间满足指数关系,温度和流变应力之间满足Arrhenius关系,通过线性回归分析计算出该材料的应变硬化指数n以及变形激活能Q,获得该铝合金高温条件下的流变应力本构方程.     

半连续铸造Al-15Si合金热压缩变形流变应力行为

采用Gleeble-1500D热模拟机进行高温等温压缩试验,研究了半连续铸造Al-15Si铝合金在变形温度为300~500℃,应变速率为0.001~5 s-1条件下的流变应力行为.结果表明,在试验温度范围内,此合金的流变应力随变形温度的升高,应变速率的降低而降低,说明该合金属于正应变速率敏感性材料;可采用Zener-Hollomon参数双曲正弦形式来描述Al-15Si合金高温塑性变形时的流变应力行为;σ解析表达式中材料常数A,α,n值分别为2.07×1012s-1,0.026 MPa-1,4.61,Al-15Si合金的平均热变形激活能Q为180.96 kJ/mol.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with