同心环隙有压科特流层流解析解及实验验证

本文对同心环隙有压科特流层流提出了一维流动的动量矩微分方程,并根据广义牛顿内摩擦力定律,求得了圆周切应力τ与圆周切线速度 u 的解析解.对流场中的零切应力环面,流速极环面和流速拐环面的存在条件进行了讨论.证明了流速极环面并不与零切应力环面重合.对所提出的上述理论进行了实验印证.实验表明用一维理论来描述这种运动是简单可行的.本文把层流的无压环隙科特流与有压槽道流作为两个特例概括在所提出的理论之中.     

科特流的通用公式

我们对平面科特流、环隙平面科特流以及环隙旋转面科特流研究的结果,可以总结出统一的通用公式如下: 1. p/ x或 p/ θ为正的第1类科特流——流场中存在流速极点和场应力零点,此时有     

科特(Couette)数Pr=1的环隙科特紊流

本文论述了科特数Pr=1的这种流动的研究成果。实验是在剪切流已充分发展,泰勒涡充分抑制的始发条件下在η=R_2/R_1=1.022的设备中进行的。第1次取得了覆盖整个不可压缩流范围(V_0=4.96～80m/s)的这种流动的定常的二维流场数据。实验证明:贴近动壁存在一厚度为δ/h=10/Re c_(f1)~(1/2),流速为1-μδ/V_0=(Reδ)~(1/2)·(c_(f1)~(1/2)=10 (c_(f1))~(1/2)的线性层,文中还提出了动壁面的阻力系数为c_(f1)=0.01/Re~(0.15)与断面平均流速公式v/V_0=0.89/Re~(0.214),以及经过修正后的对数圆周切线速度模型u/V_(max)=■/V_0In(h-αδ)/(y-αδ)。这个模型能准确地通过线性层端点(δ/h,uδ/V_0),平均流速点(y/h=0.368,■/V_0)与最大流速点(y/h=1,V_(max)/V_0=1)的坐标。     

环形槽道有压科特(Couette)流层流

本文给出了环形槽道有压科特流层流的解析解,还提出了形状参数P,强调形状参数P可用作研究环形槽道有压科特流层流流动状态的判据,并讨论了当P值不同时,所研究流场中的速度极环面和速度拐环面存在的条件和它们的坐标。这对环形槽道有压科特流紊流的研究极有帮助。     

科特(Couette)数Pr≥1的环隙科特紊流

本文在实验的基础上提出了同心环隙逆压梯度作用下的紊流科特流的分析方法,其科特数范围为Pr≥1。对极点速度和极点坐标、壁面切应力和速度分布进行了深入的讨论。在雷诺数Re≤5.8×10~4、半径比η=1.022的条件下,理论计算与实验结果符合得很好。     

科特(Couette)数0≤Pr≤1的环隙科特紊流

本文在实验的基础上提出了同心环隙逆压梯度作用下的紊流科特流的分析方法。并就如何确定拐点处速度和拐点坐标以及壁面切应力和速度分布进行了深入的讨论。同时还证实了在雷诺数Re≤5.8×10~4、半径比η=1.022的条件下,理论计算与实验结果符合得很好。     

一类p-Laplacian差分方程多个正解的存在性

考察p-Laplacian差分方程边值问题Δ[φp(Δu(t-1))] a(t)f(u(t))=0,t∈[1,T 1],Δu(0)=u(T 2)=0的多解性,其中T为固定的正整数,φp(s)是p-Laplacian算子,φp(s)=|s|p-2s,p>1,(φp)-1=φq,1/p 1/q=1,且不要求lim l→0 f(l)/lp-1,lim l→∞f(l)/lp-1存在.     

关于函数域中相交多项式的一个注记

以Z表示有理整数环。设L为一个特征为p的域, f(x)=∑ⁿ_j=0a_jx^j∈L［x］,L［x］表示L上的多项式环。假定在L的某个代数闭包上, f(x)=a∏^r_i=1(x-η_i)^e_i。此处,a∈L,一切η_i是两两不同的,r,e₁,e₂,…,e_r是正整数,且r≥2, n=∑^r_j=1e_j。f的半判别式Δ(f)被定义为Δ(f)=a^2n-1∏_{1≤i,j≤ri≠j}(η_i-η_j)^{e_i e_j}。证明了下面的结果: 如果n1,e₂,…,e_r)有关的正整数m与G∈Z［x₀,x₁,…,x_n］,使得Δ(f)=1/mG(a₀,a₁,…,a_n)且m|n!。此外,当L为有限域时,还应用此结果研究了与环L［x］上相交多项式有关的一个问题。     

关于丢番图方程ax2+by2+cz2+dxy+exz+fyz=gw2的整数解

当丢番图方程ax^2＋by^2＋cz^2＋dxy＋exz＋fyz=gw^2有整数解x0,y0,z0,ω0（ω0≠0）,（x0,y0,z0, ω0）=1时给出它满足（x,y,z,ω）=1,ω≠0的全部整数解的公式：{x=ηx-ξm/t,y=ηy0-ξn/t,z=ηz0-ξp/t,ω=ηω0/t其中η=am^2＋bn^2＋cp^2＋dmn＋emp＋fnp,ξ=2（ax0m＋by0n＋cz0p）＋d（nx0＋my0）＋e（px0＋mz0）＋f（py0＋nz0）,（m,n,p）=l并利用所得结果证明几个推论．     

槽型减摇水仓特性参数的理论估算和试验方法

国外有关研究认为:槽型减摇水舱由于缺乏足够的理论计算方法,因此减摇效果预报只能依靠试验。上海交大船池对槽型水舱进行了专门的试验研究。本文根据渡边惠弘、Goodrich、Lewison、Webster 等理论方法的特点,发展了槽型水舱的综合模型,求得了适用于各种尺度比例的周期公式,井初步建立了估算阻尼的理论方法:通过能量方程积分实现分布参数系统向集中参数系统的转换,从而确立阻尼系数和水舱几何尺度的数学关系。本文并力图给出完全的舱船系统简化横摇运动方程组(?)周期系数λ=(1 2r(s-b)(π/4 l/b)(π/B))~(1/2)阻尼系数W=(l r)/(2h_0)(π/(λcos(ω_0l)/(c_0))·(2r/B))~2[2(2.23b/r 1)1g(s/b 1/2)~2 1.5(s/b)~2]力矩系数M_t=2ρg(l r)[2rs(c_0)/(ω_0)(tg(ω_0l)/(c_0) yg(ω_0r)/(c_0)) b(Hh_0-(h_0~2)/2)cos(ω_0r)/(c_0)]为测定水舱特性参数,特别设计了强迫摇摆装置和动力衰减试验方法。试验结果和理论计算结果吻合。看来应用理论方法设计最佳槽型水舱并预报其减摇效果是完全可能的。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.