Ni纳米孔洞模板的制备

使用纯度为99．5％的铝片,在空气中500℃退火5h,利用电化学阳极氧化手段将铝片制备成具有纳米级孔洞的氧化铝模板。用氧化铝模板作母板,在高真空下把甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）注入到模板的柱形微孔内进行热聚合,制得聚甲基内烯酸甲酯（PMMA）纳米线阵列复合膜。把PMMA纳米线陈列复合膜浸入100g/L的NaOH溶液中,去掉氧化铝模板,得到PMMA纳米线陈列膜,利用化学自动催化方法将Ni沉积到PMMA纳米线阵列上,得到Ni纳米孔洞复合膜,最后用丙酮将PMMA溶解掉,得到具有纳米孔洞阵列的金属Ni模板。利用透射电子显微镜（TEM）,电子衍射等测试手段对所制备模板进行了研究。TEM结果显示Ni模板的孔径约为45nm,孔心距为63nm左右,电子衍射结果显示模板是多晶材料。     

AAO模板外表面自组织纳米孔洞的差异性研究

以草酸为电解液,分别用一次阳极氧化法和二次阳极氧化法制备了阳极氧化铝（AAO,anodic aluminum oxide）模板,在较大范围内得到了纳米孔分布均匀、孔洞大小均一、尺寸可控、排列有序的双通模板．采用扫描电镜（SEM）对其形貌进行表征,发现一次阳极氧化法制得的AAO模板的反面孔洞排列较为规则,而正面的孔洞排列规则性明显不如反面;二次阳极氧化法制备得到的模板正、反面孔洞的排列都比较规则．比较了模板正、反面纳米孔洞的差异,并结合阳极氧化过程中电流的变化,探讨了自组织孔洞的形成机理．目前尚未发现关于纳米孔洞差异性及原因分析的文献报道．     

激光分子束外延法制备Fe纳米阵列结构

采用阳极氧化铝箔的方法制备了孔径分布均匀的阳极氧化铝(AAO)模板,然后通过激光分子束外延(LMBE)的方法在这些孔洞里生长有序铁纳米阵列,根据控制生长的条件,生长出纳米线、纳米管,以及高度有序的量子点阵列,甚至得到纳米复制的新的复形模板.实验发现,虽然LMBE系统本身的高度可控性是这些不同类型的有序纳米阵列的前提,但不同材料在模板纳米孔洞里的不同生长趋向以及生长模式是探索可控生长的决定因素.这些可控参数的深入探讨为纳米阵列材料在微器件和纳米复制领域将有更直接的实际意义.     

一维纳米线阵列可控性制备研究

用二次阳极氧化法制备出高质量的氧化铝模板,通过扩孔处理,制备出通孔的氧化铝模板,利用直流磁控溅射法在通孔的氧化铝模板上镀一层金膜,做导电层.用镀金且通孔的氧化铝模板作为电化学沉积装置的阴极,用高纯铅块作为阳极,采用直流电化学沉积法,在镀金的氧化铝模板纳米级孔洞中,制备出高度有序的镍纳米线阵列.使用扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、EDS对所制备的样品进行形貌、成分、结构及相关性能的表征和测试.结果表明所制备的镍纳米线沿氧化铝孔洞生长、排列规整,形态均匀,其直径约60nm.分析了纳米线的形成机理和制备条件之间的关系.     

多孔铝模板合成纳米材料的研究

模板合成是近几年来人们合成纳米结构材料常用的一种方法．多孔阳极氧化铝凭借其耐高温、绝缘性好、孔洞分布均匀有序且大小可控等优点,成为一种常用的合成纳米材料的模板．该文介绍了多孔阳极氧化铝模板的制备和电沉积制备纳米材料的方法,以及纳米线的应用前景。     

氧化铝模板的制备与光致发光性能研究

在不同温度、电压、溶液中，应用阳极氧化高纯铝片的方法制备出不同孔径、厚度的阳极氧化铝（AAO）模板，用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）表征了AAO模板的微观结构，应用紫外可见分光光度计、荧光光度计对模板进行了光学特性表征，发现在草酸溶液中制备的模板具有紫外吸收和光致发光性能。     

氧化铝模板的制备及表征

采用二次氧化法在不同配比浓度的电解液中制备了具有高度有序纳米孔洞的阳极氧化铝(AAO)模板,分别采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和扫描探针显微镜(SPM)对样品的形貌进行了表征,并对模板形成的微观机制进行了讨论,认为,采用二次氧化法制备AAO模板是最为科学的方法,研究指出退火温度和抛光工艺对形成氧化铝模板有重要作用.     

阳极氧化法制备纳米氧化铝模板及对其在纳滤过程中的研究

采用阳极氧化法,以硫酸和草酸为电解液制备了纳米氧化铝模板．讨论在不同酸体系中所得到的模板的特征．利用表面活性剂解决了纳米金刚石的软团聚问题,研究了纳米金刚石通过模板的行为．实验表明,纳米氧化铝模板可以用作纳米金刚石的筛分．     

纳米多孔阳极氧化铝模板制备的研究

以5%磷酸为电解液,采用二次阳极氧化的方法制备了氧化铝多孔模板,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对它进行表征,并对反应机理进行了探讨和研究,结果表明纳米孔洞是由于铝表面氧化层的生成和电解液界面氧化铝的溶解两个过程相互竞争生成的.     

磁场作用下氧化铝模板孔洞平行于衬底生长的方法

通过对阳极氧化法制备氧化铝模板的原理和过程分析，提出了在阳极氧化过程中引入一定强度和方向的磁场，用以控制氧化铝模板生长过程中铝箔内部电流流向，进而实现氧化铝模板孔洞平行衬底生长的一种新方法．从而克服了传统的“一次阳极氧化”或“二次阳极氧化”方法制备的氧化铝模板只能实现氧化铝模板孔洞阵列垂直于衬底生长，限制了其在许多重要领域中的应用这一问题．在原理上探讨了用磁场控制实现氧化铝模板孔洞阵列平行于衬底生长的可行性．并设计了相应的实验装置．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.