PEG改性Bi-PbO_2电极对茜素绿的电催化降解作用

利用聚乙二醇(PEG)改性Bi-PbO2电极电催化氧化茜素绿(AG)模拟染料废水,研究初始质量浓度、电流密度和pH值对降解率的影响.结果表明:高电流密度有利于提高降解率,但可能导致较大的能源浪费;高初始质量浓度有利于提高电流利用率;而pH值不是降解率的主要影响因素.利用红外光谱对AG的氧化过程进行研究,表明AG的氧化主要依靠电解产生的·OH,氧化过程经历了苯环开环、断链,并进一步被氧化为CO2和H2O等小分子化合物.化学动力学研究表明,电催化氧化AG过程符合一级反应动力学规律.     

电催化氧化法降解苯胺及其动力学研究

以自制PdOx-RuO2y/Ti电极为阳极,钛板为阴极,研究电催化氧化处理苯胺废水.探讨了电解质浓度、电流密度以及苯胺初始浓度对处理效果的影响.苯胺的降解速率主要取决于电流密度和电解质浓度,随两者的增加均增大;苯胺的初始浓度增大,其降解速率下降,但去除总量随之增加.动力学研究表明,苯胺的电催化氧化过程符合一级反应动力学.采用线性回归方法,确定反应速率常数分别与电流密度的0.712次方、电解质浓度的0.228次方、苯胺初始浓度的-1.147次方成线性关系.     

电化学生成H2O2 - T iO2 /UV降解碱性品红研究

用电化学方式持续向TiO2/UV光催化体系中供给H2O2,以促进有机污染物的光催化降解.以碱性品红为模型有机污染物,研究了其在电化学生成H2O2-TiO2/UV体系中的降解,研究结果表明:碱性条件下碱性品红降解最快,酸性其次,中性最慢;在5.0~10.0 mA.cm-2的范围内,碱性品红降解率随电流密度的增大而明显升高,而当电流密度进一步增大时碱性品红的降解率并没有明显的增强;溶液中PO43-、SO42-对碱性品红的降解有抑制作用,而C l-则会促进碱性品红降解;电化学生成H2O2-TiO2/UV对碱性品红的降解率和COD去除率分别高于单一的电化学生成H2O2氧化、TiO2/UV光催化氧化的降解率和COD去除率之和,这表明电化学生成H2O2、TiO2/UV在对碱性品红的降解和COD去除上存在协同效应;碱性品红的降解及COD去除均符合一级动力学过程,其降解及COD去除的速率常数分别为3.109×10-2m in-1和1.033×10-2m in-1.     

电催化氧化降解活性红紫X-2R染料废水的研究

采用复极性三维三相电极反应装置对活性红紫X-2R染料进行了电催化氧化降解试验,分析了外加电压、主电极极间距、电流密度、初始pH值、曝气量等因素对降解效果的影响,确定了最佳工艺条件:外加电压30 V,电流密度28 mA/cm2,主电极极间距5 cm,初始pH值6,曝气量3 L/min,初始质量浓度为400 mg/L的染料废水经50 min电催化氧化后,脱色率与COD的去除率分别达99.1%和93.5%.     

电催化氧化降解活性红紫X-2R染料废水的研究

采用复极性三维三相电极反应装置对活性红紫X-2R染料进行了电催化氧化降解试验,分析了外加电压、主电极极间距、电流密度、初始pH值、曝气量等因素对降解效果的影响,确定了最佳工艺条件：外加电压30 V,电流密度28 mA/cm2,主电极极间距5 cm,初始pH值6,曝气量3 L/min,初始质量浓度为400 mg/L的染料废水经50 min电催化氧化后,脱色率与COD的去除率分别达99.1%和93.5%.     

光催化氧化-间接电氧化结合降解碱性品红研究

研究用UV/TiO2悬浮液光催化氧化和间接电氧化相结合的方法降解一种模型有机污染物——碱性品红．在TiO2悬浮液中引入间接电氧化技术,在紫外光照的同时,利用电化学反应分别在阴阳极上生成H2O2和HClO．一方面它们可以作为氧化剂直接氧化有机物,另一方面它们可以用做电子受体去提高光催化效率．比较了光电结合催化和单一光催化的降解效果,考察了NaCl浓度、电解电流密度、pH值对光电结合催化降解效果的影响．实验结果表明：光电结合催化比单一光催化降解效果有了明显的提高;NaCl浓度对光电结合催化降解效果没有明显的影响;增加电解电流密度对光电结合催化降解有促进作用;碱性条件下降解效果优于酸、中性条件。     

基于电解法的模拟船舶柴油机废气脱硝实验研究

采用离子膜电解槽电解NaCl溶液,研究制备阳极酸性氧化溶液及其对模拟烟气中NO的脱除效果。分别研究了电流密度、电解时间、Na Cl浓度等因素对阳极酸性氧化溶液理化性能(TOS浓度、pH)的影响。结果表明:随着电流密度、电解时间、NaCl浓度的增加,阳极酸性氧化溶液中TOS浓度近乎呈线性增加。但随着电解时间增加,pH却迅速降低,并趋于稳定(1.5~2)。随着阳极酸性氧化溶液中TOS浓度的增加,NO脱除率明显提高;当TOS浓度为700 mg·L~(-1)时,NO脱除率达到50.4%。随着阳极氧化溶液初始pH的降低,NO脱除率明显增加,当pH为6时,NO脱除率为38%。     

电催化氧化技术中传质系数的测试与验证

为通过电催化氧化体系中的极限电流密度(j_(lim))确定电催化氧化过程的传质/传荷界限,分别采用传统测试方法铁氰化钾-亚铁氰化钾体系和反向推导法,评价了两种方法用于测定电催化体系传质系数(k_m)以确定j_(lim)的适用性。通过对酸性红G和愈创木酚的电催化降解实验对传统测试方法进行了验证,测定了不同本体溶液浓度下同一体系k_m;通过对愈创木酚的电催化氧化降解结果进行反向推导,考察了不同电流密度下同一体系的k_m,分析了传质和传荷两种控制阶段下的电解效果和能耗。实验结果表明:使用传统测试方法测定同一体系k_m,其测定结果受本体溶液浓度影响较大;反向推导法相比传统方法更适于测定电催化体系k_m以确定j_(lim);施加不同电流密度,同一体系k_m差异较大,对应j_(lim)无法定量确定;当传荷控制阶段电流密度为50 A/m~2时电解愈创木酚,5 h内能耗为0.018 kW·h/g,远低于传质控制阶段500 A/m~2时的能耗0.135 kW·h/g,但是电解速率较低,愈创木酚的降解需要更长的电解时间。动态电流调控机制可改善长电解时间和高能耗两大缺陷,为电催化氧化技术的进一步工程应用提供参考。     

Ti/α-PbO2/β-PbO2电极电催化氧化处理苯酚废水

采用电催化氧化法,以自制Ti/α-PbO2/β-PbO2电极为阳极,在室温条件下对苯酚模拟废水进行降解研究,探讨电流密度、电极间距、pH值及苯酚初始质量浓度对苯酚降解效率的影响规律.结果表明,在电流密度为600 A·m-2,电极间距为1.0 cm,pH值为3,苯酚初始质量浓度为100 mg·L-1的条件下,苯酚降解效率达92%以上.紫外光谱等实验结果表明,苯酚在氧化降解过程中会产生苯醌等中间产物,苯酚及其中间产物最终被矿化为CO2和H2O.     

高铁酸钾氧化降解卡马西平实验研究

以高铁酸钾作为氧化剂对卡马西平(CBZ)进行氧化降解，分别考察了高铁酸钾投加量、CBZ初始浓度、温度和pH对高铁酸钾降解CBZ的影响，并进行了反应动力学计算.采用响应面法拟合了高铁酸钾对CBZ降解率与反应条件之间的回归方程.实验结果表明，高铁酸钾降解CBZ的反应符合二级反应动力学规律.增加高铁酸钾浓度可以有效提高CBZ降解率.提高CBZ初始浓度增加了氧化降解的CBZ总量，但降低了CBZ降解率.升高温度促进CBZ降解.pH是高铁酸钾降解CBZ的关键因素，pH低于7.0时CBZ降解的初始反应速率较高，但降解率比较低；pH高于7.0时CBZ降解的初始反应速率低，但降解率比较高.高铁酸钾降解CBZ的主要反应途径为高铁酸根对烯烃双键的氧化.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.