基于双优先级队列的异构分布式控制系统容错调度算法

在对分布式控制系统进行分析的基础上,给出了任务模型和处理器模型.为了调度多种实时性的任务,提出了双优先级队列调度算法,用于调度每个处理器上的任务.该算法设置2个优先级队列,其中高优先级队列用于调度实时任务,低优先级队列用于调度非实时任务,高优先级队列中的任务可抢占低优先级队列中的任务.在此基础上,采用版本复制技术使系统具有容错能力,并分析了任务的容错可调度条件.基于此,采用首次适应的启发式任务分配策略,将任务分配到各个处理器上,在确保任务容错可调度的条件下使处理器负载均衡.仿真结果表明所提出的算法是有效的.     

一种基于模糊逻辑优先级的雷达任务自适应调度算法

为适应目标环境变化情况,提出了一种基于模糊逻辑优先级的雷达任务自适应调度算法.该方法基于目标运动状态和属性通过模糊逻辑推理动态确定任务的优先级,并结合时间窗的特点采用一步回溯方法调整发生冲突的任务,保证更多高优先级的任务在其期望的时间内被调度.仿真结果表明,该调度算法在保证调度率的前提下降低了任务的调度代价.     

网格工作流中基于优先级的调度方法研究

根据网格用户的身份、信誉，以及网格工作流中应用程序的时间紧迫度和依赖关系，提出了网格工作流中应用程序的优先级计算方法．其中，完全优先级调度算法根据网格工作流中的应用程序优先级向量生成调度序列，而且每次只将队列中优先级最高的应用程序提交给网格，而非完全优先级调度算法可同时调度若干无依赖的网格应用程序进入网格，以弥补完全优先级调度算法的并行化问题．实验表明，当网格中的资源较少且资源的性能差异较大时，使用完全优先级调度算法可以保证优先级较高的工作流的应用程序优先使用优势资源；当网格中的资源性能差异不大时，非完全优先级调度算法可解决因资源未充分利用而造成工作流完成时间大幅增加的问题．     

分布式系统的实时容错任务调度算法设计

提出一种分布式实时容错调度算法,并研究了该算法的时间复杂度．这种容错调度算法称为“副版本后调度（ＢＫＣＬ）算法”,该实时容错调度算法可以同时调度具有容错需求的实时任务和无容错需求的实时任务,所产生的调度可保证在分布式系统中一个节点机失效的情况下,具有容错需求的实时任务仍然可在截止时限内完成．     

基于预测表的容错实时调度算法

为了更精确地预测软件容错模型中的容错实时调度算法主部分可否执行，提出了基于预测袁的容错调度算法（PTBA）．该算法充分考虑了当前时间至替代部分通知时间之间的任务执行状况，以该时间段内通知时间的先后顺序精确地预测主部分的执行情况，并为待执行主部分构建预测表．当主部分不发生错误时，算法将依照预测表进行任务调度．模拟结果表明，利用PTBA可获得更多的主部分执行时间，降低了CPU消耗．PTBA适用于软件错误率较低的应用环境，特别是当任务的周期较短时，能够以较小的调度开销获得较高的调度性能．     

双参数模糊调度在实时控制系统中的应用

针对嵌入式多任务实时控制系统,提出模糊调度设计(FSD)算法.该算法基于任务重要性和空闲时间2个特征参数,动态调整任务优先级,使得空闲时间越短且越重要的任务,其优先级越高.FSD算法在资源有限时可以提高关键任务的可调度性和控制性能,在不同系统负载下,通过灵活的模糊调度规则获得满意的系统可调度性能.为评估调度算法,定义性能指标IVR为任务价值总和与任务重要性之和的比值,若IVR越大,则系统可调度性越好.仿真结果表明:在正常负载下,FSD算法在保证关键任务可调度性的同时,对非关键任务的可调度性影响较小,任务调度成功率比MIX(加权组合)算法的高;超载时,FSD算法优先保证关键任务在其截止期内完成,避免EDF(截止期优先)算法中易出现的多米诺现象发生,有效提高系统的整体性能.     

RM算法中减少抢占开销的任务微调算法

在基于嵌入式实时操作系统的实时应用中,由于任务抢占导致的切换开销对于整个系统是不可忽略的.提出了一种减少抢占发生的RM任务微调算法,通过对固定优先级调度抢占行为可推迟时间的量化分析,推导出受低优先级任务阻塞而造成的受阻任务集,以及在任意抢占时刻,推迟高优先级实时任务执行避免抢占发生的判定条件.仿真实验表明该算法在保证可调度任务集中所有任务满足时限约束的前提下,延迟高优先级任务的执行,减少抢占发生次数,通过减少抢占开销提高RM算法在实际应用中的可调度利用率.     

基于优先级权重的 Hadoop YARN 调度算法

为解决 Hadoop 现有调度器调度任务时不能根据任务的紧迫程度分配资源的问题, 研究 YARN 中的资源 调度机制, 改进原调度器(Capacity Scheduler), 提出一种基于优先级权重的 Hadoop YARN(Yet Another Resource Negotiator)调度算法(Weight Scheduler Based on Priority)。 为叶子队列设置队列优先级, 结合队列资源利用率和 队列优先级选择队列; 将应用程序的初始权重设置为应用程序优先级的大小, 通过等待时间判断是否更新权 重, 根据权重对队列中的应用程序进行排序, 调度时优先为权重高的应用程序分配资源。 实验结果表明, 与原 有调度算法相比, 改进算法平均任务执行时间约减少 141 s, 平均等待时间减少 34. 5%, 保证了用户执行任务 的相对公平, 提高了用户总体满意度。     

多处理机系统的高效实时容错调度算法

在容错调度算法副版本后调度算法（ＢＫＣＬ）的基础上,提出一种高效实时容错调度算法（ＥＢＫＣＬ）．对于具有容错需求的实时任务而言,由实时容错调度算法所产生的调度可保证在多处理机实时系统中一个处理机失效时,实时任务仍然可在截止时限内完成．在ＥＢＫＣＬ算法中,如果两个实时任务的基版本分配在不同的处理机Ｐｉ和Ｐｊ上,且这两个实时任务的副版本被调度到同一个处理机Ｐ上,则两个副版本之间允许有时间上的重叠．模拟实验证明,使用多个实时任务副版本之间的时间重叠技术,ＥＢＫＣＬ大大提高了调度的性能     

一种基于μC/OS-Ⅱ的多任务优先级调度新算法

提出了一种全新的多任务优先级调度算法,它保留了现有调度算法的时间确定性和实时性的优点,使其空间复杂度与支持的任务数无关.系统最多支持的任务数可以轻松地从现有的64个增加到256个,根据实际需要还可以增加更多.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-