正交法优化兰坪虫草子实体人工诱导条件

旨在探明兰坪虫草子实体人工诱导培养的条件,为其产业化生产奠定基础。通过正交设计试验探明兰坪虫草子实体诱导培养的最佳培养基配方;并探讨了不同培养温度和不同光照条件对诱导子实体形成的影响。结果表明,子实体诱导最佳的培养基配方为OLM-2:20%鲜蚕蛹、3%麦芽糖、0.6%黄豆粉、0.05%石膏、0.1%MgSO_4、0.05%KH_2PO_4、0.002%Vb_1、0.004%烟酸、0.004%Vb_6;子实体诱导的最适条件为,以昼温22℃、夜温16℃的温差刺激,及300 Lx弱光照每天光照7 h;培养20 d后较高温度和较长光照时间(20℃,300 Lx每天光照12 h)有利于子实体的生长发育。在最佳诱导培养条件下获得的人工子实体与野生子实体形态结构接近,但较长、较粗。     

蛹虫草子实体的人工培养研究

通过对蛹虫草子实体的人工培养研究发现：固体营养物以小米和高粱米的混合物是最佳的。人工培养基的最佳碳、氮源为可溶性淀粉和蛋白胨，最佳pH范围是5～6；VB1、2，4-D和无机元素K^ 、Mg^2 、Ca^2 对子实体的生长有促进作用。最佳培养条件是湿度80％。光照6001x(24L：0D)，15℃培养10d后转到25℃下培养．蚕蛹培养子实体的条件是10℃下培养到蚕蛹僵硬后转到25℃下培养，湿度80％．     

啤酒糟栽培北虫草的培养基配方研究

以啤酒糟和大米为原料,研究培养基中啤酒糟含量对北虫草子实体产量和质量的影响.实验结果表明,以100%啤酒糟做培养基是可以栽培北虫草的,但是北虫草子实体产量和质量不如添加一定量大米的培养基;当培养基中啤酒糟含量≤83%时,对北虫草子实体产量影响不大;啤酒糟含量≤50%时,北虫草子实体质量达最佳状态.     

硒对蛹虫草生长发育的影响

以蛹虫草作为富集硒的载体，用不同浓度的含硒培养基分别对蛹虫草的子实体进行培养，以研究蛹虫草的耐硒能力．结果表明：采用固体培养基培养蛹虫草子实体，在含硒0．5—20mg／kg的固体培养基上，菌丝均能生长；在含硒0．5—5．0mg／kg范围内，子实体生长速度较其他浓度明显提高；在含硒10．0—20．0mg／kg范围内，子实体生长受到抑制；在含硒30mg／kg以上的培养基上，菌丝不能生长。     

北虫草人工代料栽培的几种碳源比较

研究用4种不同粮食作物作为培养基主料,生产的北虫草在产量和质量上的差别。在其他条件相同的情况下,分别用大米、高梁、玉米、小麦为主要碳源制作培养基,从液体菌种培养直到子实体成熟。随机抽样检测其产量、质量。结果表明：小麦、大米作培养基主料,子实体的产量、质量较好,高粱其次,玉米较差。     

猪肚菇大棚栽培技术

猪肚菇属中温偏高温型菌类,子实体生长发育适宜温度为23~32℃。根据漳州地区的气候条件,栽培的形式以大棚规模化墙式叠排袋栽生产。培养料的处理方式为室外淋水预处理、混合堆制发酵和常压蒸汽灭菌。接种后的栽培袋在24~28℃进行发菌培养,一般经30d左右菌丝可长满袋。为了使猪肚菇子实体原基分化较快形成菇蕾,昼夜需有8℃以上的温差刺激,菇蕾形成后,为了提高菇品质量,菇棚温度最好保持在23~32℃,菇棚内的相对湿度保持在85%~90%,合理通风和光照,有利于子实体生长发育,生物转化率高且稳定的效果。     

竹荪野生变家种初报

本文提出了竹荪菌人工栽培的最佳培养基以及用常规微生物培养法培育出竹荪菌子实体的过程;还阐明了采用发酵竹绒培养料,在常温、通风和遮光的条件栽培得出较好的效果,指出了以菌丝(组织)无性繁殖子实体,完成一代个体发育是竹荪菌野生变家种的重要途径之一。     

添加蚕蛹粉对蛹虫草生长及子实体有效成分的影响

在大米培养基中添加蚕蛹粉,分析添加蚕蛹粉对蛹虫草菌丝体生长状况,子实体生长情况以及子实体有效成分虫草素、虫草多糖含量的影响。试验结果表明:蚕蛹粉添加量为6 g时,子实体生长状态最佳,畸形率最低、出草率最高、平均高度最高,干品产量最高,达到(5.36±0.087)g·瓶~(-1);在蚕蛹粉量为8 g时,虫草素与总虫草素的含量最高,分别达到(7.39±0.095)mg·g~(-1)和(34.06±0.164)mg·瓶~(-1);在蚕蛹粉量为6 g时,虫草多糖及总虫草多糖的含量最高,分别达到(23.26±0.086)mg·g~(-1)和(124.67±0.089)mg·瓶~(-1)。试验结果为蛹虫草产业化栽培及深层开发提供一定的理论依据。     

鸡腿蘑(CorprinuS ccmatuS)生物学特性研究

本研究结果认为鸡腿蘑(Coprinus comatus)最佳原种培养基为马铃薯200g,葡萄糖10g,燕麦粉10g,琼脂20g,水1000ml;最佳出菇培养料配方为棉籽皮90％,燕麦粉8％,蔗糖1％,过磷酸钙0.5％,石膏0.5％;菌丝生长的最适温度为20～25℃,子实体发育最适温度为18～22℃;培养基的最适pH值为6.5～7.5。     

大花君子兰的胚培养及其胚状体的诱导

大花君子兰幼胚培养,其胚状体采用MS培养基(其中大量元素减半),附加ZT1毫克/升,NAA0.2毫克/升,IAA0.2毫克/升,蔗糖1.5％、琼脂0.65％、pH5.8％,在温度25±1℃、光照1200 Lx(10小时/天)下培养20天后即诱导出芽,然后转入壮苗发根培养基:MS培养基(其中大量元素减半)、附加BA0.05毫克/升、IBA0.2毫克/升、IAA0.6毫克/升,蔗糖、琼脂、pH及培养条件同上。培养三个星期后即长出叶片并发根2—3条。将试管苗鳞茎状部分切成0.5—1 cm见方的小块,接入壮苗发根培养基中,经2—3次(每次20天)继代培养形成8—9个胚状体,然后移至无激素的MS培养基中培养(培养条件同上),19天后转入壮苗发根培养基中,16天后相继长出根和叶,成为壮苗。最后经炼苗移栽至花盆,成活率可达100％。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.