无线声表面波传感信号的正交采样处理

声表面波(SAW)延迟线型无线传感器测量系统中，信号在反射栅上的延迟时间随着被测量的变化而发生改变．如何提取回波信号上的延时信息是提高传感器精度的关键．理论分析和实验都表明，以往采用的相干I、Q解调测量相位方法存在着较大的相位测量误差．为进一步减小这些误差，引入了基于多相滤波的正交变换方法对无线SAW信号进行检波处理，在数字域中实现整倍抽取和延迟校正滤波，实现信号的正交采样．仿真和实验结果表明，正交采样法能够消除模拟解调所带来的误差．这种方法既提高了相位检测精度．也保证系统容易实现．最后，给出了测试系统的硬件实现方案．     

SAW传感器步进频率测温仪硬件设计关键技术研究

在简述延迟线型SAW传感器测量温度工作原理的基础上,提出了测温仪的硬件结构,深入研究了测温仪主要组成单元的关键技术,设计和研发出SAW传感器步进频率测温仪系统.测温仪的充分测试结果验证了这些关键技术对于提高测温精度起着重要作用.     

双H型石英音叉陀螺驱动信号频率跟踪算法的研究

为提高双H型石英音叉陀螺驱动信号的稳定性,基于DSP设计了一种数字化闭环控制电路,依据双H型石英音叉陀螺在串联谐振频率点处工作时驱动叉指振动的幅度随频率变化的影响最小,通过相位控制实现了驱动信号频率的跟踪,并利用希尔伯特变换产生了一对正交的参考信号用作相位检测.实验结果表明,双H型石英音叉陀螺工作稳定后,驱动信号频率跟踪算法的相位标准差为4mrad,精度达到0.003 4Hz.     

对称RC双T网络在选频放大电路中的应用

本文在介绍对称双T网络电路结构的基础上,分析了其信号传输的频率特性,双T网络对单一频率的信号具有很好的滤波特性,利用双T网络作为放大电路的正反馈网络,可以实现单一频率的信号选频放大,在电子设备中具有广泛的应用。     

相位式激光测距系统电路温度特性仿真分析

为了分析温度对相位式激光测距系统电路相位的影响,采用Pspice电路仿真软件对相位式激光测距接收电路进行建模。分别对放大电路模块、自动增益控制模块、混频与选频网络在不同温度下进行频率特性仿真分析,得到各个电路模块在不同温度下10 MHz频率处的相位延迟。仿真结果表明,不同温度下相位式激光测距接收电路的相位延迟是不同的。最后,采用相位式激光测距系统电路进行测试实验,使用数据采集模块对信号连续采集,通过matlab对采集的数据进行读取并计算不同温度下的相位延迟,实际测试结论验证了仿真分析的正确性。     

基于FPGA的频率远距离稳定传输方案设计及实现

研究了通过电学补偿且基于FPGA (field programmable gate array)设计实现的频率远距离稳定传输问题.根据共轭相位补偿法原理,设计了基于FPGA的数字锁相环频率远距离稳定传输方案.该方案通过4次变频及滤波来提取远端信号和本地信号的相位差,利用锁相环使远端的信号相位变化与本地点的基准信号相位变化相同,从而实现频率远距离稳定传输.在基于FPGA的数字信号处理板上对该方案进行了实现,并给出了具体的实现方案和FPGA实现结果.由于变频、滤波及锁相环均在FPGA内部通过编程实现,该实现方案具有很强的参数选择灵活性及工程易实现性.最后,设计了链路时延测量回路,对不同条件下频率传输的稳定性进行测量,测量结果表明,设计的频率传输方案有效地减小了环境温度变化对信号在光纤中传输时延的影响.     

一种新型声表面波无线测量系统

根据声表面波（SAW）器件的P矩阵模型，叉指反射栅外接负载阻抗不同导致声反射系数的变化。根据此原理，普通SAW器件的反射栅外接阻抗变化的常规传感器可方便地实现无线测量。通过制作相应的SAW器件并利用网络分析仪对此进行了实验验证。推导了无线测量系统的接收机信噪比与检测错误概率以及幅度分辩率的关系。发现了幅度测量存在的问题，提出采用相位法改进信号处理方法。     

低相噪振荡器的锁频电路模型

为了有效地改善振荡器相位噪声指标,研究了传输式锁频电路.分析了传输式锁频电路的工作原理,并完成了该类型电路模型的设计;建立了鉴频电路的传输模型,推导出表征锁频电路幅频特性的关系式,即鉴频灵敏度;分别考虑输入功率Pin及环路中谐振器端口耦合系数β的变化对于鉴频灵敏度的影响;最后利用鉴频电路传输方程日和鉴频灵敏度S,导出了振荡器的相位噪声表达式,利用该模型便于分析影响相噪指标的因素,所得结论与文献结论吻合较好.基于所建立的鉴频电路模型得出传输式锁频电路设计准则:提高输入功率Pin以及提高电路端口耦合度β,可取得更高的鉴频灵敏度,从而提高振荡器相位噪声性能.     

可应用于航天测量的传感器PGC解调关键参数误差分析

干涉型光纤传感器在军用探测、航空航天等许多领域都有广泛的应用前景.直接调制光源频率(Frequency Modulation,FM)的相位生成载波(Phase Generated Carrier demodulation,PGC)解调方法成为干涉型光纤系统的重要解调方法之一.FM调频深度、一倍载波信号相位延迟、二倍载波信号相位延迟等关键参数均会对系统性能造成不利影响.本文从解调结果线性度和谐波抑制比(Harmonic Suppression Ratio,HSR)两方面分析了关键参数误差对解调结果性能的影响.分析表明调制深度C对参数误差的贡献最大,是影响解调性能的主要因子.相对而言,一倍/二倍载波信号相位延迟对解调结果性能影响较小.PGC解调结果线性度和谐波抑制比均受调制深度、载波信号相位延迟等的影响.参数误差每增加一倍,谐波抑制比约下降6dB.     

基于氧化铝陶瓷的无线无源湿度传感器的制备和测试

通过湿度感应技术与近场电磁耦合原理相结合,构成了基于氧化铝陶瓷的无线无源湿度传感系统。此传感器包含叉指电容与电感线圈构成的LC谐振电路和由聚酰亚胺薄膜构成的湿敏结构。当聚酰亚胺薄膜吸收水分子后,聚酰亚胺和水组成的复合体系的介电常数发生变化,导致LC电路的谐振频率发生改变,通过读取天线将传感器频率信号读取出来。搭建湿度测试平台对传感器进行测试,结果表明传感器的谐振频率随着密闭环境中空气湿度的线性增大而呈线性减小的趋势。当湿度从50%RH变化到88%RH的时候,传感器谐振频率从113.712 1 MHz变化到92.311 5 MHz,灵敏度为0.545MHz/%RH。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-