半固态AZ91D镁合金触变压铸充型过程的数值模拟

以半固态AZ91D镁合金浆料的流变性能的实验研究为基础,通过曲线拟合的方法建立半固态AZ91D镁合金的表观粘度的触变模型.根据此触变模型开发了半固态AZ91D镁合金触变压铸充型过程中的表观粘度计算程序,并嵌入在Castsoft软件中,实现了半固态AZ91D镁合金触变压铸过程的流场和温度场的模拟计算.模拟结果表明:充填速度和浆料温度对半固态AZ91D镁合金浆料的充填过程有显著影响, 最佳充填速度的范围为2～5m·s-1,半固态浆料的最佳温度范围为570～580℃.     

铝合金半固态触变充型过程的计算机模拟

分析半固态AlSi7Mg合金触变充型过程中各个阶段浆料的压力和速度变化特征,建立耦合半固态表观粘度的三维流场数学模型,在考虑半固态边界条件和气体阻力方程基础之上,采用SOLAVOF法对铝合金件的触变充型过程进行模拟计算.结果表明, 入流速度大小对半固态浆料充填流态有显著影响.小的入流速度浆料充填流态倾向于采用平稳充型,同时气孔等缺陷产生倾向也小.与刹车泵体轴向注入工艺相比,在一定入流速度下,采用径向注入工艺成形阻力较小,充型中不会出现充不满的铸造缺陷.上述模拟结果与实际相吻合.     

A356铝合金半固态成形的数值模拟

利用ANSYS有限元模拟软件,通过对温度场与速度场的耦合数值模拟,分析了触变成形过程中充型温度对A356合金半固态浆料流动及温度分布的影响.模拟结果表明:当充型温度为590℃,压射速度为5 m/s时,半固态浆料充型平稳,没有形成喷溅和卷气现象,温度分布没有明显的热节区域形成,半固态浆料成形效果最理想,有利于获得充型完整、轮廓清晰、内部组织致密的半固态成形件.通过实验对数值模拟所获得的工艺参数进行了验证.     

铝合金半固态成形性

采用液相线铸造(在液相线温度铸造)和常规铸造的铝合金２６１８和７０７５,在２００ｋＮ材料试验机上采用具有不同模孔(直径１０,２０,３０ｍｍ)的一系列模具进行半固态模锻,以坯料充填高度作为衡量成形性能指标,考察不同变形温度(４９０～６００℃),不同锻压速度(ｖ＝０．１５～０．６ｍｍ／ｓ)和不同锻压力(ｐ＝５８～９７．２ｋＮ)对其半固态成形性的影响,结果表明,液相线铸造铝合金半固态成形性优于传统的固态成形,在液固相温度区间,随着温度的升高,成形性提高,并且在５８０～６００℃成形性均最好·     

成形速度对7075半固态模锻组织均匀性的影响

在半固态模锻过程中,经常会出现液相偏析现象,使零件出现"弱点"或"弱区",这些"弱点"或"弱区"通常又是潜在的裂纹源和服役条件下失效的起因。为了分析研究半固态模锻液相偏析的影响因素,应用DEFORM-3D软件对7075铝合金半固态模锻充型过程进行了模拟,研究了成形速度对7075铝合金杯形件充型过程的影响规律。在模拟的基础上,利用压力机及杯形实验模具,进行了半固态7075铝合金流变模锻成形,研究了成形速度对7075铝合金杯形件半固态模锻组织均匀性的影响。模拟和实验结果表明:成形速度越高,充型越不平稳;在压头温度400℃、成形比压50 MPa、合金温度628℃的条件下,随着成形速度的增加,杯形件的液相偏析度增加,组织越不均匀,当成形速度为5mm/s时,杯形件的液相偏析度高达18.2%。     

浇注温度对合金熔体冷却规律和半固态组织的影响

介绍了一种实验室自主研发的轻合金半固态浆料制备设备--锥桶式流变成形机(TBR),该设备利用刻有凸纹和沟槽的内、外锥桶的相对转动,使合金熔体在凝固过程中受到剧烈的剪切搅拌,从而获得合金半固态浆料.对TBR工艺的传热模型进行了推导,以A356为实验材料得出制备的A356铝合金半固态浆料温度与浇注温度的关系式,同时分析了不同浇注温度下合金熔体的冷却规律和获得的半固态组织形貌.结果表明,适当降低A356合金熔体的浇注温度可以延长初生固相受到的剪切时间和增加剪切次数,从而获得细小、均匀的半固态组织.当浇注温度为640℃时,初生固相平均晶粒尺寸为68μm,形状因子为0.82.     

浇注长度对流变压铸AlSi9Mg组织及性能的影响

采用自制的倾斜流变装置制备半固态合金熔体并直接进行流变压铸,研究了浇注长度对半固态AlSi9Mg组织及性能的影响。结果表明:浇注长度对抗拉强度和伸长率影响较大,对硬度和冲击韧性影响较小。浇注长度为500 mm时,抗拉强度为290 MPa,延伸率为4.1%,硬度为77.9HBS,冲击韧性为0.72 kJ/m2。流变压铸后AlSi9Mg组织晶粒尺寸明显减小,形状明显圆整。浇注长度为500 mm时,流变压铸组织中的初生固相平均尺寸为7.1μm,形状因子为0.73。     

半固态A356合金的压缩变形行为

采用Gleeble 1500热模拟试验机,对半固态铸造铝合金A356进行了半固态压缩和固态压缩实验,分析了它们的应力 应变关系·结果表明:在变形速率小于5s-1的中、低变形速率下压缩,随着变形速率的升高,流动应力增加;在变形速率大于5s-1的高变形速率下压缩,流动应力下降:随变形程度的增加,半固态压缩发生应变 软化现象;分析了半固态压缩变形过程中的几种变形机制,讨论了半固态触变过程中的金属流动特点,为半固态成形的模具设计提供理论依据·     

半固态挤压扩展成形过程金属流动规律的有限元分析

利用有限元法对半固态连续挤压扩展成形过程中扩展腔内的金属流动规律进行模拟,得到了不同模具设计参数下的金属流动规律·结果表明,高固相率半固态金属浆料以层流方式填充模具,扩展腔内半固态金属浆料流动速度从扩展腔中心区域向两边侧壁逐渐减小·随着扩展角、模具台阶长度的增大,模具出口横断面上金属流动速度趋于更加均匀,随着模具定径带宽度增大,金属流动不均匀性增加,同时台阶太长,模具扩展腔两侧会出现金属流动的死区或涡流·在合理的模具设计条件下,可以实现半固态连续挤压扩展成形·     

液相线铸造铝合金半固态压缩变形特性

采用液相线铸造铝合金２６１８获得适合于半固态加工的细小,等轴,非枝晶组织,并由Ｇｌｅｅｂｌｅ－１５００热学－力学模拟试验机在不同变形温度和变形速率下进行半固态压缩变形。结果表明,铝合金２６１８在半固态时的变形抗力比固态时大幅度下降,液相线铸造组织的成形性能优于常规铸造组织。     

Numerical simulation on the rheo-diecasting of the semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy

The effect of injection pressure, piston velocity, and the forming temperature of semisolid slurry on the filling behavior of the semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy was investigated by simulation methods. The simulation results show that these processing parameters have an important effect on the filling behavior of the semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy. The slurry flows steadily in the cavity when the injection pressure, the piston velocity, and the forming temperature are low, but it is prone to turbulent flow when the injection pressure, the piston velocity, and the forming temperature are much higher. Therefore it is necessary to determine the appropriate processing parameters to get a steady flow of the slurry in the cavity.     

Numerical simulation on reho-diecasting mould filling of an automobile master brake cylinder

An apparent viscosity model of semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy has been developed and the software Castsofl6.0 coupled with the model has been used to simulate the mould filling of an automobile master brake cylinder with the semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy slurry. The simulation results are in agreement with the practical filling process, indicating that the apparent viscosity model is feasible and can be used to simulate the mould filling of the semisolid A356 aluminum alloy slurry and can be used to optimize the filling process and the design of dies. A higher injection pressure, a higher ingate flow velocity of the semi-solid slurry, and a higher slurry temperature are advantageous to the mould filling of the automobile master brake cylinder.     

半固态镁合金压铸充型过程的数值模拟研究

在考虑半固态AZ91D镁合金充型过程的压力和速度变化特征的基础上,建立了模拟计算所需要的表观黏度数学模型.采用ProCAST软件,对半固态镁合金压铸充型过程进行模拟,预测卷气、夹杂物产生的可能性,以便优化其工艺参数和工艺方案.结果表明,与全液态镁合金充型过程相比,半固态金属充型平稳,模具寿命长,铸件质量好;改变内浇道和溢流槽的设置位置和数量,还可有效地减少铸件本身内部杂质,提高铸件质量.     

Mold-filling ability of semisolid alloy

The mold-filling ability of the semisolid alloy has very important effects on the quality and properties of the work pieces produced by the semisolid forming process. The factorial experiments show that all of the heating factors, such as mold temperature, heating temperature and the keeping time of billets, have some effects on the mold-filling ability of semisolid alloy. According to the analysis of influencing extent on the filling ability, it is found that the most important one of the factors is the mold temperature instead of the billets temperature, the next one is the heating temperature of the billet, and the keeping time rows on the third. It is also found that there is an interrelation between the billet heating temperature and the mold temperature. The effect of the interrelation on the mold-filling abilityis even stronger than the keeping time. The higher the mold temperature, heating temperature or the keeping time is, the better the mold-filling ability of the semisolid alloy is. The parameter to describe themold-filling ability, defined as the maximum filling height along theupright direction or the maximum filling length along the horizontal direction, can be theoretically determined according to the flowing theory of viscous fluid.     

Effect of rheo-diecast process on the mechanical properties of A390 alloy by serpentine channel

In this paper, the effects of rheo-diecast process parameters and T6 heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the rheo-diecasting (RDC) semi-solid A390 alloy prepared through pure copper serpentine channel were investigated. The results indicate that the mechanical properties of the RDC samples change with the pouring temperature and injection pressure. In this case, a lower pouring temperature results in better tensile strength and elongation of the RDC A390 alloy; however, the tensile strength and elongation decrease when the pouring temperature decreases to 660°C. Higher injection pressures result in the improved mechanical properties of the RDC A390 alloy. To some extent, T6 heat treatment improves the tensile strength and ductility of the RDC A390 alloy compared to those of the non-heat treated alloy. However, when the pouring temperature and injection pressure are greater than 670°C and 70 MPa, respectively, the mechanical properties are sharply diminished.     

A356合金近液相线法铸造坯料及重熔加热组织研究

采用近液相线半连续铸造法制备了A356铝合金半固态坯料,并利用电阻炉加热,采用电子显微镜研究了近液相线铸造A356铝合金在二次加热过程中的组织演变.结果表明:A356铝合金半固态坯料组织呈均匀、细小的蔷薇状分布;在585℃加热,保温10~15 min,可获得半固态加工所需的触变性组织.而且,保温温度和保温时间共同影响着二次加热组织的演变过程.随着加热温度的升高,α相的生长和球化的速度变快,保温时间越长,晶粒球化度越高.     

Investigation of rheo-diecasting mold filling of semi-solid A380 aluminum alloy slurry

The rheo-diecasting mold filling capacity and the microstructure of the semi-solid A380 aluminum alloy slurry were investigated. The results show that the mold filling capacity was strengthened with increasing pouring temperature or increasing injection pressure. Under certain process parameters, the mold cavity was fully filled. However, the mold filling capacity decreased with increasing holding time. The mold filling capacity was improved with increasing shape factor of primary α(Al) grains; however, the solid fraction and the grain size significantly increased at the same time. In addition, the microstructures along the route of the spiral samples obviously differed. The grain size decreased gradually from the near-end to the far-end, whereas the shape factor increased gradually.     

金属材料触变充填及其压力变化特征的模拟

分析了触变合金充填过程的压力变化特征,建立了耦合表观粘度的计算数学模型.对触变铝合金和钢件充型过程及压力变化进行模拟.结果表明,触变合金充型过程具有持续增加的压力变化特征,增加压力主要克服浆料流动阻力与重力,增加幅度约为0.12MPa.在成形充填速度范围内,触变合金呈现稳定的层流充填特征.相比触变铝合金,钢温度高容易引起触变成形过程的降温,表观粘度增大而导致铸件缺陷.半固态刹车泵体两种入流形式的充填压力模拟分析与实际成形结果表明,径向入流方式具有较高的成形质量.     

Preparation of semi-solid aluminum alloy slurry poured through a water-cooled serpentine channel

A water-cooled serpentine channel pouring process was invented to produce semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy slurry for rheocasting, and the effects of pouring temperature and circulating cooling water flux on the microstructure of the slurry were investigated. The results show that at the pouring temperature of 640-680℃ and the circulating cooling water flux of 0.9 m3/h, the semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy slurry with spherical primary α(Al) grains can be obtained, whose shape factors are between 0.78 and 0.86 and the grain diameter can reach 48-68 μm. When the pouring temperatures are at 660-680℃, only a very thin solidified shell remains inside the serpentine channel and can be removed easily. When the serpentine channel is cooled with circulating water, the microstructure of the semi-solid slurry can be improved, and the serpentine channel is quickly cooled to room temperature after the completion of one pouring. In terms of the productivity of the special equipment, the water-cooled serpentine channel is economical and efficient.