变温四探针电阻率测试仪的开发及本科教学实践

为了便于测量半导体薄膜在变温下的电阻率,满足本科生《半导体材料》课程的教学要求,利用现有一台室温四探针测试仪和一台恒温加热台,开发了一台变温四探针电阻率测量仪,测量温度范围从室温到300oC。通过磁控溅射法制备了热致相变材料二氧化钒薄膜,利用自组装的变温四探针测试仪测量了该薄膜在不同温度下的电阻率,得到了相变转变温度。教学实践表明：该变温四探针能够很好的满足关于半导体材料电阻率与温度变化关系实验测量的教学大纲要求,取得了良好的教学效果。     

基于虚拟仪器的薄膜电阻率测量系统设计

基于虚拟仪器技术及Rymaszewski四探针双电测组合法设计了薄膜电阻率自动化测量系统.在虚拟仪器软件LabVIEW和数字量输出模块NI 9401的控制下,利用基于CD4052芯片的接口电路实现电流探针、电压探针的自动切换,并通过LabVIEW程序控制Keithley 2400数字源表实现两次电压测量;同时根据两次电压测量结果由LabVIEW程序完成范德堡修正因子和方块电阻的计算;最终实现薄膜电阻率自动测量、记录和显示.试验结果表明,所设计的自动测量系统不仅可以满足多种薄膜电阻率测量要求,而且提高了测量精度和自动化程度,同时精简了薄膜电阻率测量过程.     

掺铝氧化锌透明导电薄膜生长及光电性质研究

采用磁控溅射在载玻片上制备掺铝氧化锌AZO透明导电薄膜,并用扫描电子显微镜观察薄膜的表面形貌,四探针电阻率测试仪测量样品的方块电阻和电阻率,分光光度计测量薄膜透射率.结果表明当功率、温度、氢气掺杂比为200 W、300℃、8%时,制备的AZO薄膜具有最小的方块电阻和电阻率,且在可见光区域内透射率均超过80%.     

一种高温下测量薄膜电阻温度特性的方法

介绍了Rymaszewski四探针法测薄膜方块电阻原理,设计并搭建了可测室温到550℃的四探针测试仪。该系统可在保护气体下变温测量薄层电阻,弥补了四探针法在较高温度测量薄膜电阻率的不足。制备并测试了多晶硅及铂薄膜的电阻温度特性,用多项式拟合了在该温度范围内电阻温度系数,并分析了方法可靠性。     

半导体薄膜电阻的测量技术研究

电阻率是描述半导体材料性能的重要参数之一,四探针技术是测量半导体材料电阻率的主要手段。本文对四探针技术测量半导体薄层电阻的重要性进行了分析,结合常用的四探针测量技术探讨半导体电阻率的测量方法,重点讨论直线四探针技术和矩形四探针技术,对比了常用的几种四探针技术的优劣。     

电阻率测量技术研究

通过对测量半导体样品电阻率的四探针法的介绍,详细讨论了常规四探针法、双电测四探针法和范德堡法的测量方法,并给出了相应计算电阻率的公式和直排四探针法厚度修正公式,同时也对图像识别技术和电阻抗成像技术在电阻率测量中的应用进行了展望。     

探针压力对四探针法测量银薄膜电阻率的影响

本文用四探针法测量了220纳米厚的银薄膜的电阻率,研究了探针压力对银薄膜电阻率的影响。结果表明：随着探针压力从1.47牛顿增大到4.41牛顿,银薄膜的电阻率略微增大,最大探针压力时的电阻率比最小探针压力时的电阻率大约增加了7%。     

四探针测量任意方形样品电阻率的修正因子

采用三维无限电像分布,推导了?点接触、任意形状排列探针测量任意大小方形样品电阻率的普遍表达式,作为特例,计算了点接触直线四探针的修正因子,并与实验比较,结果表明所推导的公式可准确计算任意大小方形材料的电阻率;当样品边界与探针的距离都大于探针间距四倍时,可近似看作半无穷大样品。     

半导体小圆形薄片电阻率四探针测量的修正因子

本文推导了任意形状排列四探针测量小圆形薄片电阻率时同时考虑厚度和半径影响的修正因子表达式:作为特例,计算了直线和方形两种常用的探针排列情况下的修正因子,并用直线四探针对硅单晶片进行实验测量.结果表明所推导的公式可较准确地测量任意厚度小圆形薄片的电阻率.     

K-2127B土壤电阻率测试仪使用初探

本文介绍了K-2127B土壤电阻率测试仪的适用范围,四级法测量电阻、电阻率原理及使用中应该注意的问题。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.