玻璃导体中两种阳离子共存时的特殊现象

玻璃导体中一价阳离子含量的多少,对玻璃电导率的影响极大。有趣的是当在玻璃导体中含有两种一价阳离子时,电导率反而比仅含一种阳离子时低很多。笔者通过对0.5[XNa_2O-(1-X)Li_2O]—0.5P_2O_5系列玻璃的制备和测量获得该系列玻璃的转变温度T_g、电导率σ_T、激活能E_a和指数前项σ_0随两种碱金属氧化物Na_2O和Li_2O含量变化的基本规律。     

共沉淀法制备Li[Li0.1 Ni0.45-xMn0.45-xSn2x]O2微米球及其电化学性能研究

目的:制备正极材料Li[Li_0.1Ni_(0.45-x)Mn_(0.45-x)Sn_2x]O_2微米球,并研究其电化学性能与掺杂Sn^2+的物质的量的关系。方法:通过共沉淀法以SnSO_4、Na_2CO_3、MnSO_4?H_2O和NiSO_4?6H_2O为原料,制备前驱物(Ni_(0.45-x)Mn_(0.45-x)Sn_2x)(CO_3)_0.9,与Li_2CO_3充分混合,高温煅烧得到正极材料Li[Li_0.1Ni_(0.45-x)Mn_(0.45-x)Sn_2x]O_2微米球。结果:正极材料的物相用X射线衍射（XRD）进行检测,表观形貌利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）进行研究,采用恒流充放电测试对电池电化学性能进行分析。结论:添加Sn^2+可以有效提高Li[Li_0.1Ni_(0.45-x)Mn_(0.45-x)Sn_2x]O_2系列锂离子正极材料的电化学性能。     

具有非晶态结构的锂离子导体

到目前为止,已有不少关于非晶态快离子导体的报道。关于B_2O_3-xLi_2O-yLiCl系統也已有人作了初步研究,确定出它的玻璃态形成范围为O≤x≤0.85,O≤y≤0.85,其中Li_4B_7O_(12)Cl在300℃时的电导率可达10~(-2)((?)cm)~(-1)。为了将非晶态与晶态材料进行对比,我們研究了B_2O_3-0.7Li_2O-0.7LiCl的电导率和激活能。結果表明:此种成分的非晶样品与多晶样品相比,电导率高两个数量級,激活能低16%。     

Li_2O-Ta_2O_5-GeO_2系统玻璃的EXAFS研究

本文测量了xLi_2O·0.15Ta__2O_5·(0.85-x)GeO_2三元系统玻璃的GeK边和TaL边的EXAFS谱。利用计算机进行曲线拟合得出了玻璃中[CeO_4]四面体和[KeO_6]八面体的百分含量,所得结果表明:该三元系统存在着“锗反常”现象。随着Li_2O的加入,玻璃中[GeO_4]部分转变为[GeO_6]。当 Li_2O含量为25mol％时,[GeO_6]含量达到极大值.即[GeO_6]为25％,当继续加入Li_2O时非桥氧的[GeO_4]增加,而下稳定的[GeO_6]减少。钽L边的EXAFS研究表明:钽在玻璃中主要以[GeO_6]八面体存在,T-O键长为1.98A·左右。同时探讨了玻璃的结构模型。     

HgI_2-Ag_2S-As_2S_3硫系玻璃离子选择电极

研究了适合作为离子选择电极的HgI_2-Ag_2S-As_2S_3和HgS-Ag_2S-As_2S_3系统的玻璃形成区。通过对这些玻璃性质与结构分析,发现xHgI_2·(100-x)(0.5Ag_2S·0.5As_2S_3]系列玻璃是很好的传感膜材料。采用该系列玻璃制成了对Ag~+离子10~(-6)～10~(-1)mol/L浓度范围具有能斯特响应斜率60mV/mol·L~(-1)和对Hg~(2+)离子10~(-6)～10~(-1)mol/L浓度具有能斯特斜率30mV/mol·L~(-1)的电极。这些电极具有优良的电化学性能。结合非晶态固体电解质的离子迁移模型,提出了这类硫系玻璃屯极的响应机理。     

锂离子电池正极材料LiNi_(0.5-x)Mn_(0.5-x)Zr_(2x)O_2的制备及电化学性能研究

目的制备离子电池正极材料LiNi_(0.5-x)Mn_(0.5-x)Zr_(2x)O_2微米球,并研究其电化学性能与掺杂Zr4+量的关系。方法以NiSO4·6H2O,MnSO4·H2O和Na2CO3等为原材料通过共沉淀的方法制备前驱物(Ni0.5Mn0.5)CO3,然后前驱物与ZrO2,Li2CO3混合均匀,在500℃下煅烧3h,900℃下煅烧16h得到正极材料LiNi_(0.5-x)Mn_(0.5-x)Zr_(2x)O_2。结果 X射线衍射分析证明得到的产物为纯相,扫描电子显微镜图像显示得到的产物具有3~5μm左右的微米球形结构,并对锂离子电池的电化学性能进行了研究。结论 LiNi0.5Mn0.5O2掺杂了Zr4+后能有效降低锂/镍混排度,而且可提高具有微米球结构的LiNi_(0.5-x)Mn_(0.5-x)Zr_(2x)O_2系列锂离子电池正极材料的电化学性能。     

M型(Ca_xSr_(1-x)Fe_(12)O_(19))与W型(Ca_xSr_(1-x)Fe_(18)O_(27))六角铁氧体的研究

Ca离子在M型(Ca_xSr_(1-x)Fe_(12)O_(19))和W型(Ca_xSr_(1-x)Fe_(18)O_(27))六角铁氧体中的最大固溶量X_m≈0.5,在固溶量范围内,Ca~(2 )离子代换Sr~(2 )离子对本征磁性能如居里温度θ_f,比饱和磁化强度σ_s,以及磁晶各向异性场H_A没有明显的影响,因此有可能在不使这两种类型的钙锶铁氧体的磁性能变坏的情况下降低成本。     

玻璃相变的DTA研究

应用差热分析方法(DTA)研究Li_2O—Al_2O_3—SiO_2系统、PbO—ZnO—B_2O_3系统和CaO—MgO—Al_2O_3—SiO_2系统基础玻璃的相变,指出配合以TG、EGA、EGD以及XRD.SARX可以得到满意的结果。 指出了基础玻璃及微晶玻璃的吸热效应和放热效应的种类和DTA在研究玻璃相变中的应用范围。本文兼作纪念法国学者H·le Chatelier发表DTA研究论文一百周年。     

AgI-Ag_2O-P_2O_5-B_2O_3四元系快离子玻璃形成范围及其电性能研究

从提高玻璃快离子材料的稳定性出发,用B_2O_3部分替代三元系AgI-Ag_2O-P_2O_5中的P_2O_5,来调整玻璃网格结构;探讨四元系AgI-Ag_2O-P_2O_5-B_2O_3玻璃形成范围、热稳定性、离子导电性及结构变化;确定了0.20 AgI-0.80(Ag_2O-P_2O_5-B_2O_3)四元系玻璃形成区、T_g～X_(AgI)、lgσ～X_(AgI)、E_α～X_(AgI)的关系以及离子迁移数,并使用红外光谱对四元系玻璃结构进行了探讨。     

掺杂氧化物对V_2O_5-P_2O_5-Bi_2O_3系玻璃的性能影响

为减少电子浆料配制中含铅玻璃粉.对环境的污染,以V_2O_5-P_2O_5-Bi_2O_3为基体,添加Na_2O、Li_2O、Sb_2O_3、CuO、B_2O_3为辅助原料,采用高温熔融和水淬的工艺制备低熔点钒磷铋系玻璃.通过差热分析法、热膨胀测试法和块体失重法研究5种氧化物添加对钒磷铋系玻璃的特征温度、热膨胀系数和化学稳定性的影响.结果表明,Na_2O、Li_2O和Sb_2O_3的掺杂均可提高其特征温度.玻璃样品的热膨胀系数与Na_2O和Sb_2O_3含量近似成正比.当Li_2O含量为5%,其玻璃的热膨胀系数最小.Na2O和Sb2O3的添加能使玻璃的化学稳定性上升.Li2O破坏了网络结构,导致玻璃样品的化学稳定性下降.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-