低聚二氧戊环二元醇离聚物的合成

从乙二醇和三聚甲醛出发，合成了1，3-二氧戊环，并进一步以1，4-丁烯二醇为起始剂，采用三氟化硼乙醚 络合物为催化剂，合成了含双键的低聚二氧戊环二元醇，与亚硫酸氢钠进行加成反应得到了一种新型的低聚二氧 戊环二元醇离聚物．用红外分析、1H-NMR和元素分析等方法对其结构进行了研究，讨论了合成条件对反应及产物 的影响．     

用相转移催化反应合成1.3—二氧戊环—IH—1.2.4—三唑

本文用2—溴甲基—4—羟甲基—2—(2.4—二氯苯基)—1.3—二氧戊环与四丁基三唑基铵盐作用,合成1—[2—(2.4—二氯苯基)—4—甲醇—1.3—二氧戊环—2—基甲基1—1H—1.2.4—三唑,收率75—85%。讨论了通过聚乙二醇单甲醚合成它的中间体。该化合物和它的中间体的结构经红外和核磁氢谱鉴定。本文的合成方法比现有方法具有反应条件温和,操作简单,收率高的优点。     

1,3-二氧戊烷光敏氧化机理的研究

1,3-二氧戊环和它的2位,4位取代物能被空气中的氧气所氧化。在加入增感剂并用紫外光照射时,此氧化反应可以加速10倍左右。为了研究取代基的种类和位置对氧化反应速度的影响,我们比较了1,3-二氧戊环及其几种取代物的氧化速度,同时观察了紫外光和增感剂所起的加速作用。得出的实验结果列于表1。从表1中的数据可以看出:单独     

1.3—二氧戊环—咪唑新型杀菌剂的合成和定量构效关系的研究

本文合成了十二个1—[2—(2.4—二氯苯基)—4—甲醇—1.3—二氧戊环—2—基甲基]—1H—咪唑类新衍生物,在(口恶)环4位上为甲氧羰基(甲氧磺酰基)。从这十二个化合物中选取有生物活性的九个化合物,回归得到 QSAR 方程:log(1/EC_(50)=-1.248+0.00149logp+0.2048(10gp)~2N=9 r=0.886 s=0.258 F=11.0该方程表明:1.3—二氧戊环—咪唑类化合物对棉花炭疽病菌抑菌活性只取决于疏水性参数 logp,通过该方程能够预测系列化合物生物活性。     

缩酮制备方法的改进

缩酮是一类重要的有机化合物.前人对缩酮反应的研究很多,所采用的催化剂大多数是质子酸。2,2-二甲基-4-羟甲基-1,3-二氧戊环是链状酮缩合的代表物,其制备方法的研究具有典型意义。Fischer对该化合物的合成做了多次的改进。本文使用铁盐及负载催化剂,对该化合物的制备反应进行了研究,不仅提高了产率,而且简化了实验操作。将其用于环状酮缩合代表物——螺环-1,4-二氧癸烷的制备,也取得了良好结果。     

3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩及其二聚体的电化学聚合性能研究

聚3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩(PEDOT)具有能隙低、电化学掺杂电位低、响应时间短、颜色变化对比度高、稳定性好等优点,是目前国际上有机电致变色材料的研究热点。本文设计合成了3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩二聚体(Bis EDOT),并分别研究了Bis EDOT、3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩(EDOT)的电化学聚合性能,对二者性能进行了系统分析。实验结果表明所得聚合物PEDOT和Pbis EDOT均具有良好的电化学活性和稳定性。     

聚己二酸乙二醇酯二元醇的分子量对聚氨酯热性能的影响

以不同分子量的聚己二酸乙二醇酯二元醇,2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯(2,4-TDI)、二元醇扩链剂1,4-丁二醇以及催化剂二丁基二月桂酸锡为原料,通过一步本体聚合法合成了一系列的聚氨酯.用傅立叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)表征聚氨酯的结构,用差示扫描量热法(DSC)和热失重分析(TGA)研究聚己二酸乙二醇酯二元醇分子量对聚氨酯热性能的影响.结果表明:(1)随着聚己二酸乙二醇酯二元醇分子量的增加,聚氨酯软段的玻璃化转变温度降低,而对聚氨酯硬段的玻璃化转变温度没有影响;(2)聚己二酸乙二醇酯二元醇的分子量对聚氨酯的热分解温度影响不明显.     

2,2—二硫代—1,3,2—(3′—甲基)苯并二氧磷杂戊环三乙铵盐晶体结构研究

含磷杂环化合物是重要的有机磷化合物,这类化合物的物理、化学性质、反应机制,生物活性等研究发展很快。据报导,苯并二氧磷杂戊环化合物可作为杀虫剂、杀菌剂,但对其结构型研究尚不多。标题化合物是一种新的1,3,2—二氧磷杂戊环衍生物,文献已报导了其合成方法。为了进一步探讨含磷氧杂环化合物的生物活性与其结构的关系,本文报导标题化合物的晶体结构。     

聚苯并噁嗪预聚体的结构与固化行为的研究

采用以甲苯为溶剂的溶液法合成了一种成环率高的聚苯并噁嗪预聚体即聚双 (3,4-二氢-3-苯基-1-,3-苯并噁嗪)预聚体, 通过¹H-NMR、FT-IR、GPC和DSC对预聚体的结构和固化行为进行了研究。结果表明 ,该预聚体的成环率与溶剂的极性有关, 溶剂极性越强, 成环率越低; 成环率对预聚体的固化温度和T_g有一定的影响, 成环率越低, 预聚体的固化温度越低, 其固化产物的T_g越低。     

(S)-6-乙烯基-2,2’-甲叉二氧基-1,1’-联萘的合成

以(S)-联萘酚为起始原料通过多步反应合成了(S)-6-乙烯基-2,2’-甲叉二氧基-1,1’-联萘﹒首先将(S)-联萘酚通过2步合成了(S)-6-溴-2-特戊酰氧基-2’-羟基-1,1’-联萘;再脱去特戊酰基得到了(S)-6-溴-2,2’-二羟基-1,1’-联萘;然后羟基醚化得到(S)-6-溴-2,2’-甲叉二氧基-1,1’-联萘;接下来与DMF反应得(S)-6-甲酰基-2,2’-甲叉二氧基-1,1’-联萘;最后通过维蒂希反应得标题化合物﹒研究优化了各步反应的实验条件,获得了较好的合成方案,通过~1H NMR和~(13)C NMR对各步产物进行了表征﹒     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.