Comparison of Low Stress Mechanical Properties of Light Weight Wool and Wool Blend Fabrics using the KES-F and FAST Instruments

This study compares the test results of the FAST (Fabric Assurance by Simple Testing) with those of the KES - F (Kawabata Evaluation Systems for Fabrics) for a range of nineteen light weight wool and wool blend fabrics in terms of the low - stress mechanical properties of bending, shear, and tensile deformation. It is found that there are very significant correlations between the corresponding parameters for extensibility and shear rigidity obtained from the test results of the two systems. The correlation between the values of bending rigidity obtained from the two systems is only moderate. Furthermore, for the fabrics tested in this study, the values of bending rigidity, shear rigidity, and extensibility measured using the KES - F instruments are higher than those of the corresponding parameters measured using the FAST instruments. The linear regression equation is given for each pair of corresponding parameter.     

Investigation in Longitudinal Compression of Wool Based Suiting Fabrics

This paper describes an investigation in the fabric longi-tudinal compressibility of thirty-one suiting and trouse-ring materials using a newly developed device attached to the advanced Instron extensometer Model4466.The at-tachment was designed mainly to ensure a correct align-meat of fabric plane at the start of compression.Usingthe newly developed testing method,fabric longitudinalcompression curve was obtained and the results of longi-tudinal compressibility measured by two different com-pression load ranges(from 0 to 0.5 N/m width and 0 to1 N/m width)were examined.In addition,their rela-tionships with the fabric low-stress mechanical proper-ties measured by the KES-F system were investigatedusing statistical analysis.The results clearly indicatedthat significant differences existed when substituting fab-ric longitudinal compressibility with fabric extensibilitymeasured using the KES-F system under a low-load.Significant infiuence of yarn rotational movement in fab-ric on the longitudinal compressibi     

Evaluation of Woven Fabrics for Comfort Properties in Children’s Summer Wear

This paper evaluates the comfort properties of eightkinds of woven fabric commonly used for children'ssummer wear in Hong Kong,China.Due to the expan-sion of children's wear market and the quality require-ment for parents,objective and subjective measurementsare the main methods used to evaluate the chosen fabricsfor garment deslgners and consumers as reference. Objective measurement was carried out through ex-periments by means of the Kawabata Evaluation Systemfor Fabrics(KES-F).Experimental tests on fabrics in-clude compression,surface,bending,air permeability,thermal and tensile.Subjective measurement was con-ducted by a market research on consumers' opinions onfabrics for children's summer wear in the form of ques-tionnaire survey.These two ways of measurement onfabrics were analyzed and compared. It was found that Fabric Sample 6 which is com-posed of polyester and cotton fibre has the best perfor-mance in terms of its comfort properties.Besides,Sam-ple 4 composes of rayon and cotton fibre also ha     

低温等离子体处理对羊毛织物性能的影响

采用空气低温等离子体对羊毛表面进行改性处理,探讨了等离子体处理对羊毛织物抗毡缩性、强力、白度、润湿性、染色性能等的影响.正交试验结果表明:等离子体处理羊毛织物的实验室最佳工艺为时间3min、压强50Pa、功率150W.经空气低温等离子体处理,羊毛织物的毡缩率和白度降低,而润湿性、强力和弱酸性普拉红B染色K/S值提高.单独经过空气等离子体处理的羊毛织物达不到"机可洗"的要求.     

Comparison of the Fabric Mechanical Properties Measured by the KES-F and FAST Systems

In order to clarify the connections and differences be.tween KES- F and FAST, fifteen polyester- based fab-rics were selected and the experiments were strictly mea-sured. The test results between the two systems in termsof mechanical properties were compared, and highly sig-nificant correlation between two systems were obtaineddespite some considerable differences in the measurementprinciples of KES - F and FAST systems.     

六氟丙烯等离子体处理纯棉织物的研究

以六氟丙烯为气氛对纯棉织物进行等离子体处理，通过改变处理功率、时间和压力等条件，考察处理后的纯棉织物表面的拒水性能。采用接触角作为评价拒水性大小的依据，当改变压强、时间和功率中的某一因素时接触角呈现规律性的变化，每个因素都存在相应的最适条件。经过皂洗后，等离子体处理过的纯棉织物的拒水性有一定的下降，再经过数次皂洗则趋于平稳。等离子体处理后织物的拉伸强力增大，颜色和透湿量的变化不大，基本不影响其服用舒适性。     

异收缩长丝仿毛原料及其织物风格研究

以高收缩丝、微细旦POY丝、低弹丝(DTY)等差别化长丝为原料,加工成异收缩复合空变纱,对其纱线及仿毛织物进行了基本力学性能研究,对比纯毛织物得出:高收缩涤纶丝(单丝纤度为0.3tex左右)与POY皮芯复合空变加工成异收缩变形纱,其织物仿毛效果好;涤纶混色空变纱织物或与网络弹力丝进行交织的织物仿毛效果也较好。     

Shrinkage Properties of Wool and Acrylic/Wool Plain Knitted Fabrics Treated with DC109

This paper examines the effects of shrink - resist treatment, washing cycle and fabric tightness on the shrinkage properties of plain knitted fabrics made from 100% wool, acrylic/wool (50/50) and acrylic/wool (70/30). It was found that shrinkages of both treated and untreated wool fabrics were negatively correlated to fabric tightness and exceeded the IWS shrinkage limits (5% in length and 8 % in area) after 2 - 5A washing cycle. The effect of tightness was not as obvious with acrylic/wool (A/W) fabrics, but the shrinkage was seen to increase with stages of washing cycle for untreated A/W fabrics with some exceeding IWS standard. By applying the DC 109 shrink - resist solvent treatment, it was identified that by with higher percentage of acrylic fibre blended with wool, shrinkage could be reduced considerably and within acceptable limits.     

Preparation of TiO2 Coated on Fabrics and Their Photocatalytic Reactivity

Nanoscale titanium dioxide functional films were prepared on the surface of the cotton woven fabric and the polyester knitted fabric at room temperature by Radio Frequency （RF） magnetron sputtering process. The surface microstructure and morphology were characterized by scanning electron microscope （SEM） and X-ray diffraction （XRD）. Photocatalytic property of two treated fabrics was tested in solar and ultraviolet （UV） radiation respectively, and their photocatalytic activity was compared. The results showed that the nanoscale titanium dioxide deposited on the surface of the treated fabrics was at different anastasia phase. The treated fabrics have excellent photocatalytic property, and after 30 launderings, the photocatalytic activity still maintained at a high level. Also, it indicated that the photocatalytic activity of the treated fabrics in UV radiation was higher than in solar radiation, but the effect wasn＇t very distinct. And at the same experimental magnetron sputtering parameters, the cotton coated with the nanoscale titanium dioxide showed better performance than the polyester fabric coated with the nanoscale titanium dioxide in terms of the photocatalytic property.     

低温等离子体处理羊毛和棉纤维的电子自旋共振法研究

用电子自旋共振（ＥＳＲ）方法研究经氧、氮、氩、氢、一氧化碳及四氟甲烷气体低温等离子体处理的羊毛和棉纤维的自由基。结果表明低温等离子体反应在纤维基质中生成自由基，自由基的强度与纤维基质、微观结构、等离子体气体种类以及处理条件有关。考察了自由基的热稳定性和经时变化。     

Finishing Effect on Warmth Property of Cotton/Kapok Blended Knitted Fabric

Nowadays,more and more natural or functional fibers are being investigated due to their utilization in thermal underwear.Kapok fiber is one of the natural cellulosic fibers whose source is the kapok plant. It has hollow body and sealed tail,which exhibits desirable features required for functional textiles of this nature. In this study,cotton / kapok( 80 /20 by mass) blended yarn with two types of yarn size 18. 5 and 14. 8 tex,respectively are knitted into plain stitches. The fabrics are undergone with an optimal preparation plan according to orthogonal design. Then,after dyeing and softening,fabric properties including thermal and water-vapour resistances, wicking property, pilling behaviour, and surface morphology,are tested and scrutinized for their candidacy for thermal underwear. The results showed that cotton / kapok blended fabrics have good thermal resistance which is significantly higher than those of cotton / modal blended fabrics,and the same water vapour resistance compared with cotton / modal blended fabrics which are normally used as underwear. Cotton / modal blended knitted fabrics has better pilling grade than cotton / kapok blended fabrics. Meanwhile, the cotton / kapok blends fabrics have good wicking property. Collectively,it was concluded that cotton / kapok blended fabric was appropriate for thermal underwear. However,the main limitation of these fabrics is their pilling properties.     

Fabrication of cotton nano-powder and its textile application

A combination of chemical and mechanical treatment of cotton produced cotton powder （fibrils） with a mean diameter of 97 nm is analyzed by Laser Particle Size Analyzer. Transmission Electron Micro- scope （TEM） study showed that the diameter of the fibrils was about 10--30 nm and the length was from 70nm to over 400 nm. The powder was then coated onto fabrics （100% polyester fabric, 100% wool fabric and 100% cotton fabric）. Scanning Electron Microscope （SEM） study showed that cotton fibrils were adhered to the surface of treated fabrics （fibers）. The ultraviolet protection factor （UPF） value （AS/NZS 4399： 1996） for cotton fabrics increased about 20% after the treatment. This implies that the treated samples give a better protection from UV light. The moisture management test （MMT） of the fabrics such as wetting time at bottom, top maximum absorption rate, bottom maximum absorption rate, bottom maximum wetted radius and bottom spreading speed, et ah, showed that there were significant changes after the treatment. These changes gave better moisture management ability to the treated fabrics and thus made the fabric more comfortable. However, Wide-angle X-ray Diffraction and Fourie Transform Infrared Spectroscopy analysis proved that supermolecular structure and chemical struc- ture of treated fabrics were the same as the original fabrics. Other properties of the treated fabric such as thermal conductivity, wrinkle recovery, hand, et al., did not change. This implied that the basic func- tion of the treated fabrics for the clothing industry was the same as untreated fabrics. This study is a foundation for further researches on textile application.     

AN FTIR SPECTROSCOPIC STUDY OF LOW TEMPERATURE PLASMA TREATED WOOL FABRIC

FTIR-ATR technique with second-order derivative measurement was used for assessing the amount of oxidation products of cystine present on the plasma-treated wool fabric surface. In this paper, three non-polymerising gases namely oxygen, nitrogen and 25% hydrogen/75% nitrogen gas mixture were used for the plasma treatment of wool fabric. The oxidation products of cystine studied included S-sulphonate, cysteic acid, cystine monoxide and cystine dioxide. The variations of the amount of these products as a function of treatment time were studied. Experimental results showed that the oxygen plasma could produce a large amount of oxidation products of cystine on the wool fabric surface followed by nitrogen plasma and gas mixture plasma.     

Improvement of Linen Fabric Wickability by Low Temperature Plasma Treatment

Low temperature plasma treatments were applied to linen with oxygen and argon, various level of discharge power and exposure time. Tbe fabric weight loss increased with the exposure time. Their effects on surface chemical properties and morphology of flax fiber, and fabric wickability were investigated. X - ray photoelec-tron spectroscopy discovered that the surface oxygen content of the plasma treated sample was increased. Formation of voids and cracks on the fiber surface was revealed by the scanning electron microscopy. Fabric wickability first was increased and then decreased with the prolonged exposure.     

Influences of Cotton Fabric Treatments on Human Physical Responses during Exercise and Recovery

We investigated the influences of liquid water transfer property of cotton fabric on human physiological responses, such as ear canal temperature, heart rate, blood pressure, stress hormone, during exercise and recovery. Long sleeves cotton knitted sportswear treated to have special liquid water transfer property were prepared; （1） Hydrophilic; （ 2 ） Hydrophobic; and （ 3 ） Moisture Management （MM）. Wearing these garments, human subjects ran on treadmill according ＂to a pre-designed experimental protocol. It was found that during exercise hydrophilic cotton caused significantly higher mean skin temperature than MM and hydrophobic cotton fabrics, while during recovery, hydrophilic and MM cotton fabrics caused significantly higher mean skin temperature than hydrophobic cotton fabric. Hydrophilic cotton fabric caused significantly lower heart rate than MM cotton fabric, lower systolic blood pressure than MM and hydrophobic cotton fabrics. Hydrophobic cotton fabric caused significantly higher urinary catecholamine volume than hydrophilic and MM cotton fabric, indicating stronger physical stress. Hydrophilic cotton fabric caused significantly stronger thermal and humidity sensations than MM and hydrophobic cotton fabrics at the end of first and second exercise sessions. Hydrophilic cotton fabric caused significantly stronger discomfort sensation than hydrophobic cotton fabric at the end of first session of exercise. In the end of wear trial, MM cotton fabric caused significantly higher tiredness sensation than hydrophilic and hydrophobic cotton fabrics.     

Strength Properties of 3D Solid Orthogonal Panel Fabrics

IntroductionWith the development of high performance fiber andtextile perform manufacturing technology, fiber reinforcedcomposite materials are getting more and more attractivebecause they have many advantages such as their highstiffness and strength at low density, high specific energyabsorption behavior, and excellent fatigue performance.Therefore they are frequently used in a wide variety ofapplications[1], although most of them are two dimensional(2D) laminated comp…     

Wool Surface Modification and Its Adhesion with Nano Finishing Agent

The launderability of wool fabrics treated by nano finishing agent influences directly the functional endurance of the treated wool fabric.In order to investigate the effect of wool fibers surface modification on the functional endurance of nano finishinp wool fibers,in this paper,for the first time wool fibers were chemically modified by using NaClO aqueous and KMnO4 aqueous,and then chemically modified wool fibers and native wool fibers were treated using nano ZnO finishing agent,respectively.The laundera...     

Comfort of Light-weight Wool and Wool Blend Woven Fabrics

The comfort of the light-weight woven fabrics was investigated by conducting the wear trials under the controlled climatic conditions. The wear trial under the neutral environmental conditions showed that the lightweight wool and wool blend fabrics are generally less comfortable than the silk fabric, cotton poplin and polyester/cotton poplin fabrics tested in this study. The main shortcoming in terms of comfort for these lightweight wool fabrics is the prickle. Besides, the fabric softness was found to be a very important factor influencing the comfort of the clothing worn next to the skin.     

高膨松性非织造布的加工方法和产品性能的分析比较

本文对三利,不同粘合加固纤维网方法(乳液喷洒法,双组分低熔点纤维和热熔粉末粘合法)所制得的高膨松非织造布的性能进行了测试,并对各生产过程特点和产品性能逆行了比较。在高膨松性非织造布的体积密度范围内,有空气对流传热机理存在。导热系数随体积密度增加而降低,在单位面积重量相同条件下,膨松度高的非织造布。织物表现厚度大,虽然导热系数高,但织物传热量较低,其绝热保暖性好。     

织造和染整加工前后精梳毛纱拉伸性能的关系

为了根据织造前纱线的拉伸性能和织造、后整理工艺预测织物的拉伸性能,研究了织造和染整加工前后精梳毛纱拉伸性能的关系,获得了三方面的结论:(1)经常规后整理加工的各种精梳毛织物中经纱的伸长变形能力没有显著差异,但其纬纱的伸长变形能力与织造和染整工艺有关。(2)坯布染色情况下织造前纱线的伸长变形曲线在伸长率方向扩大一定倍数以后与织物中纱线的伸长变形曲线相当。纱线染色情况下织造前纱线的伸长变形曲线的某一部分与织物中纱线的伸长变形曲线相当。(3)后整理加工中的经向张力和拉幅张力对精梳毛织物中纱线的伸长变形能力的影响特别大。树脂整理有降低织物变形特别是变形回复能力的作用。