Fe2O3-CaO-SiO2系微晶玻璃微观组织结构的研究

利用溶胶-凝胶法制得Fe2O3-CaO-SiO2系基础玻璃,根据DSC曲线制得Fe2O3-CaO-SiO2系微晶玻璃.晶化后的微晶玻璃中析出主晶相为磁铁矿(Fe3O4),同时析出次晶相硅灰石(CaSiO3)和少量赤铁矿(Fe2O3)及玻璃相.玻璃相中含有大量细小的柱状晶体、球状晶体,属于三维析晶.不同升温速率下得到的微晶玻璃表面形貌是不同的.在2℃/min升温速率下,晶粒呈柱状或球状;在15℃/min升温速率下,晶粒有的呈片状,有的呈柱状.     

热处理对CoFe2O4/SiO2纳米复合材料结构的影响

本文采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了CoFe2O4/SiO2纳米复合材料,利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、红外吸收光谱(IR)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究了纳米复合材料的结构、晶粒尺寸和形貌。结果表明,随着热处理温度的提高,钴铁氧体晶化程度提高,CoFe2O4/SiO2纳米复合材料的晶粒尺寸从6nm增大到52nm。当热处理时间为2小时,晶体结构已经较完整,继续延长热处理时间对晶体结构基本无影响。     

卵磷脂参与沉淀法制备纳米羟基磷灰石

改进传统的沉淀法,利用卵磷脂形成囊泡时产生的特殊反应环境限制羟基磷灰石(HAP)晶体的生长,得到了纳米HAP粉体．经500℃灼烧晶体粒径为10～20nm,700℃灼烧粒径保持在50nm左右,比相同热处理条件下由沉淀法获得的晶体(700℃灼烧时粒径在80～120nm左右)粒径显减小．这一结果与卵磷脂-水体系形成的高度分散的反应微环境的影响有关。     

BaNd0.01Ti1.02O3陶瓷的制备及其介电性能

目的研究钛过量对溶胶-凝胶法制备的掺钕钛酸钡粉体及其陶瓷的相组成、显微结构和介电性能的影响。方法采用溶胶-凝胶法制备BaNd0.01Ti1.02O3纳米晶粉体及其陶瓷，通过TEM，SEM，XRD等对钛酸钡基纳米晶粉体及其陶瓷的相组成和显微结构进行了表征，并测定陶瓷的介电性能。结果溶胶-凝胶法合成出BaNd0.01Ti1.02O3纳米晶粉体(35—50nm)，主晶相为立方相，在1350℃／2h烧结后为四方相细晶陶瓷，其居里温度为100℃，最大介电常数为8596，介电损耗为0．014。结论溶胶-凝胶法可制得BaNd0.01Ti1.02O3纳米晶粉体及其细晶陶瓷，钛过量可改善陶瓷的微观形貌和介电性能。     

钛酸铅纳米陶瓷粉体的制备和表征

本论文以溶胶-凝胶法为基础,以醋酸铅(Pb(Ac)2)、钛酸四丁酯(Ti(OC4H9)4)为原料,乙二醇甲醚为溶剂,制备纳米级钛酸铅粉末。钛酸铅干凝胶在400℃下热处理2h后,可以得到结晶程度很高的纳米级钛酸铅粉体。由衍射峰的位置确定晶体为四方晶系,由透射电子显微镜可以观察到粒子粒径在20～70nm之间。     

尖晶石LiMn_2O_4纳米粉体的制备及其电化学性能

采用溶胶-凝胶并结合热处理工艺制备纳米LiMn2O4粉体,利用热重-差热分析,X射线衍射,透射电镜,循环伏安,充放电测试等方法对前驱体的热分解行为、粉体的结构、形貌及电化学性质进行了表征.结果表明:直接以聚丙烯酸(PAA)为螯合剂合成了稳定的溶胶和凝胶, PAA与金属离子摩尔比为0.3:1时,获得凝胶在烧结过程中产生的燃烧热促进了尖晶石LiMn2O4的形成,避免杂相Mn2O3的产生.随着烧结温度的升高,LiMn2O4颗粒粒径逐渐增大,结晶度提高,晶体生长更加完整.其中,750°C烧结8 h获得了由纳米粒子构成、分布均匀、形貌规整、结构稳定的LiMn2O4粉体,首次放电比容量可达135 mAh/g,20次循环后比容量仍有124 mAh/g,具有良好的充放电循环性能以及较高的充放电效率.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备CoFe2O4/TiO2纳米复合薄膜及其磁性能研究

以钛酸丁酯和金属盐酸盐为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶工艺成功制备了磁性CoFe2O4/TiO2复合薄膜.通过X射线衍射仪(XRD) 、拉曼光谱(Raman)、扫描电镜(SEM)分析探讨了复合薄膜相结构和表面形貌,使用振动样品磁场计(VSM)测试样品磁性能.研究发现:复合薄膜中两相组分晶体各自析出长大,没有生成新的物相,薄膜生长过程中TiO2网状结构起到控制CoFe2O4的晶粒大小的作用.对比不同温度下薄膜的形貌,得出薄膜的形貌对热处理温度依赖性较大,前驱液为pH =2-3、热处理温度为800℃时,可得到平整的纳米CoFe2O4/TiO2磁性复合薄膜.随着热处理温度的升高,复合薄膜的磁性增强.     

纳米TiO2的制备表征及其光催化性能研究

以钛酸四丁脂为前驱物,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO2纳米粉体,在制备过程中,抑制剂HNO3的加入可有效地降低TiO2纳米粒子的粒径,利用XRD、TEM等分析测试手段对制备的TiO2粉体的晶相组成、晶体形貌进行了表征,研究了热处理温度对TiO2纳米粒子晶体结构和光催化性能的影响,同时讨论了纳米TiO2粉体重复使用对降解的影响。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备羟基磷灰石粉体化学机理分析

利用硝酸钙醇溶液和五氧化二磷醇溶液,通过溶胶-凝胶法,制备了羟基磷灰石（HAP）粉体．对前驱体和不同热处理温度的HAP粉体试样进行了FTIR与XRD测试分析,讨论分析了在溶胶-凝胶法制备HAP过程中HAP生成化学反应的机理．     

纳米Al2O3/PVAc复合材料的制备与表征

用硝酸铝和碳酸铵为原料,以聚乙二醇为分散剂,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了纳米Al2O3溶胶.用液-液混合分散法将制得的纳米Al2O3溶胶分散于聚醋酸乙烯酯(PVAc)的丙酮溶液中,得到无色透明的纳米Al2O3/PVAc复合溶胶,将溶胶刮涂制膜,得无色透明的Al2O3/PVAc复合膜.用透射电子显微镜和拉曼光谱对复合材料进行了表征.激光粒度分析仪分析表明,Al2O3在PVAc粒径在30～35 nm范围内,平均密度31.2 nm、体积平均27.5 nm、数均25.3 nm .Zeta电位值为-42.5 mV.并对Al2O3/PVAc复合溶胶进行紫外吸收测试,结果显示,与纯PVAc溶液相比,最大吸收峰蓝移10.4 nm,且吸光度增加2.3倍.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-