盐胁迫对芸豆体内可溶性糖含量的影响

文章讨论了单盐(Na^ )条件下，芸豆根和叶中可溶性糖的含量变化情况．为进一步研究单盐毒害对植物的生理影响提供依据．实验得到，不同盐浓度对芸豆根和叶中可溶性糖的含量有不同影响．叶中的可溶性糖含量在受到50mmol／L和100mmol／L浓度NaCl胁迫时，随盐浓度增长而呈上升趋势，而在175mmol／L时出现下降趋势；根中的可溶性糖在50mmol／L NaCl胁迫时出现上升趋势，而在100mmol／L，175mmol／L NaCl胁迫时随盐浓度升高，出现下降趋势．     

甘草根愈伤组织诱导与可溶性蛋白含量变化

利用胀果甘草无菌苗根作为外植体诱导愈伤组织,经过多次继代培养筛选出4种类型的愈伤组织,并以不同质量浓度的NaCl胁迫处理Ⅰ型愈伤组织.测定了在根愈伤组织诱导过程中,不同类型愈伤组织继代培养中和Ⅰ型愈伤组织在NaCl胁迫处理条件下的生长情况及可溶性蛋白含量的变化情况.结果显示,以苗龄10d的无菌苗根为外植体可以诱导产生愈伤组织,以MS培养基附加1.0mg/L 2,4-D和0.2mg/L6-BA时,根愈伤组织的诱导率最高,继代培养生长状况良好为Ⅰ型愈伤组织;根外植体两端开始形成愈伤组织时可溶性蛋白含量最高,为2.01mg/g;不同培养基上继代培养的根愈伤组织生长状态不同,可溶性蛋白含量也有不同,以Ⅰ型愈伤组织中可溶性蛋白含量最高;Ⅰ型愈伤组织在5g/L NaCl胁迫下,继代培养21d后,愈伤组织生长量明显提升,在14~21d愈伤组织可溶性蛋白含量明显提高.本研究表明甘草愈伤组织对低质量浓度的盐胁迫有一定的适应性,使其可溶性蛋白含量升高,在可溶性蛋白含量剧烈变化期间,愈伤组织生长量明显提高.     

NaCl胁迫对胀果甘草子叶愈伤组织总黄酮合成的影响

用不同浓度的NaC1处理胀果甘草子叶愈伤组织,分别在处理7 d、14 d、21 d、28 d、35 d和42 d取样,测定甘草子叶愈伤组织鲜重和总黄酮含量.结果表明当培养基中添加NaCl的浓度低于85.5 mmol/L时,随着NaCl胁迫程度的增加,胀果甘草子叶愈伤组织的生长量总体呈现升高的趋势,黄酮含量随NaCl浓度的增加而升高.其中在第28 d时,85.5 mmol/L NaCl处理的子叶愈伤组织中甘草黄酮含量达到最高值,为1.41 mg/g,比未作NaCl处理的对照愈伤组织的黄酮含量(1.31 mg/g)提高了7.83％(为0.10 mg/g),约为对照的1.078倍.试验结果表明一定浓度的NaCl胁迫可以提高胀果甘草子叶愈伤组织的甘草黄酮含量.     

向日葵耐盐突变体筛选

以MS为基本培养基,研究了不同激素对康地5号向日葵愈伤组织的诱导效果,筛选出了最佳诱导愈伤组织培养基;以子叶、下胚轴及真叶作为外植体。确定了子叶和下胚轴作为康地5号组织培养的最佳外植体;在含50、100、及150mmol／L NaCl不同盐浓度培养基上分别诱导出向日葵耐盐愈伤组织,继代培养后得到不同耐盐程度的新株系,移栽后得到完整植株．     

黄芪愈伤组织的培养及其蛋白质含量的测定

使用不同激素浓度组合的MS培养基对黄芪无菌苗的子叶进行愈伤组织的诱导,并对愈伤组织的可溶性和非可溶性蛋白含量进行测定。结果表明：该外植体在MS＋6-BA0．5mg／l＋NAA1．0mg／l培养基上的愈伤组织诱导率很高。两种蛋白质在前三十天的生长阶段都不断积累,之后开始下降。其中可溶性蛋白质含量在后期有所回升,而非可溶性蛋白质含量下降趋势则更加明显。     

重金属Pb对烟草愈伤组织的生长和抗氧化系统的影响

Pb污染是重金属污染中的一种重要形式.利用烟草叶片作为实验材料,以加入不同浓度Pb2+的MS培养基作为基本培养基诱导烟草叶片产生愈伤组织,观察经不同浓度Pb2+处理后烟草叶片产生愈伤组织的生长情况,并测定愈伤组织中活性氧水平和SOD、CAT等抗氧化酶的活性变化.结果表明:烟草叶片的出愈率随着Pb2+处理浓度的升高而下降,且愈伤组织出现的时间也随着Pb2+处理浓度的升高而延迟.愈伤组织中O-.2产生速率在培养第53天时达到最大值.在培养第49天SOD活性会显著下降,且SOD活性在稳定后随着Pb2+处理浓度的上升呈先上升后下降趋势.H2O2含量在培养第49天时含量达到最高,且随着Pb2+处理浓度的升高H2O2含量上升趋势越大.H2O2含量的上升会激活CAT的活性,使其活性在培养第53天即显著上升.除80 mg/L Pb2+处理下的CAT活性上升趋势受到部分抑制外,其他浓度Pb2+处理下的CAT活性上升趋势与H2O2上升趋势相同.     

花叶如意叶愈伤组织的诱导及植株再生

研究花叶如意叶愈伤组织的诱导及分化条件．实验结果表明：诱导愈伤组织的培养基为MS 2,4-D1．0mg／L 6-BA2．0mg／L．在此培养基上,叶片比叶柄更易得到愈伤组织．叶愈伤组织的诱导时间过长易褐化,从而影响分化,其最适时间为20d．诱导愈伤组织分化的培养基为MS NAA0．2mg／L 6-BA2．0mg／L．根分化的培养基为1／2MS NAA0．5mg／L．     

苦豆子愈伤组织的诱导与继代培养的去褐化研究

利用苦豆子的子叶进行愈伤组织的诱导与继代,筛选出诱导愈伤组织及继代时的最佳培养基．实验发现各种培养基均能诱导出愈伤组织,0．5—1．0mg／L的2,4-D和0．5—2．0mg／L的细胞分裂素6-BA或与Zt共同添加,诱导的愈伤组织状态较好,且当NAA（浓度为0．5mg／L）存在时可改善愈伤组织的状态;浓度为2．0mg／L的Kt和1．0mg／L以下的2,4-D、NAA分别或同时使用时同样可得状态较好的愈伤组织．低浓度的2,4-D、6-BA混合使用或添加1．0mg／L以下的NAA是愈伤组织继代时较好的激素组合,同时观察到0．5mg／L2,4-D和0．5mg／L Kt以及0．5mg／L2,4-D、0．2m-g／LNAA和0．2mg／LTDZ两种组合也能较好的继代愈伤组织．愈伤组织的去褐化除调节激素的浓度与配比外,还采取了其他的去褐化措施,发现添加0．1％活性炭的条件下快速继代（2d继代一次）以及调整基本培养基是较好的去褐化措施．     

卫星搭载胡萝卜组织培养研究

以经卫星搭载的胡萝卜种子发育而来的嫩叶为外植体，诱导愈伤组织，探讨诱导后胡萝卜愈伤组织对外源激素的反应．实验结果表明，诱导松散型愈伤组织的最佳激素配比是1．0mg／L2，4-D＋0．5mg／L6-BA．此愈伤组织移入含有0．1mg／L的TDZ培养基中能产生大量的芽，但培养20d左右芽膨大透明成绿色，之后将芽移入含有不同种类不同浓度的生根培养基中都能生根且易于移栽．本实验为进一步筛选胡萝卜抗胁迫变异系奠定了基础．     

小麦叶基切段愈伤组织的诱导和植株再生

从3～5d龄小麦籽苗幼叶基部切段诱导出大量愈伤组织。诱导可再生的愈伤组织的培养基为MS 1．5mg／L 2，4-D 0．2mg／L，激动素(KT) 500mg／L，水解酪蛋白(CH) 120mg／L，天冬酰胺 100mg／L，肌醇 3％蔗糖 0．7％琼脂粉。当愈伤组织转移到生长调节物质改变为2mg／L KT，1mg／L NAA和0．1mg／L 2，4-D的MS培养基上培养后，出现了苗的分化。当分化苗在无机盐分减半的MS培养基上培养后，产生了根。愈伤组织的形成和植株再生的频率与外植体的位置和籽苗的发育阶段密切相关，3～4d龄苗叶基1cm处的切段效果最好。叶基愈伤组织的分化能力可保持3～4个月。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-