聚合物熔体前沿追踪的Level set方法研究

基于广义Hele—Shaw流动模型,对熔体流动方程求解。采用有限差分法求解压力场与速度场,运用重新初始化的Level set方法实现了流体运动前沿的追踪。     

粉末注射成型的分数微分模型及其数值模拟

在Hele—Shaw近似下采用有限元／有限差分混合法求解粉末注射成型充填过程．首次提出利用分数微分替换运动方程中的经典导数,压力场方程演变为线性方程,数值计算代价显著减少．数值实验表明该方法有效．     

金属粉末动态注射成型充模过程的理论分析

基于连续介质理论和幂率模型,研究振动场对金属粉末喂料熔体充模过程的影响,建立了适合金属粉末喂料熔体等温填充中心浇口圆盘型腔的过程的物理模型和相应的数学模型,通过对数学模型的推导求解,得到了喂料熔体动态充模过程的速度分布方程、熔体前沿位置方程以及模腔入口压力方程.实验表明,在振动场作用下的熔体充模过程中,当平均注射流率不变且振动频率固定时,模腔入口处压力随振幅的增大而波动上升.理论计算的模腔压力值与实测值吻合较好,证明了理论计算的正确性.     

玻壳模具冷却腔内流动传热的数值模拟

给出了玻壳模具冷却腔的流动换热模型及模具冷却腔内表面传热系数的计算方法,采用雷诺时均方程法和可实现是k-ε湍流模型对凸模冷却腔中冷却水的流动和传热进行数值模拟,近壁区域的处理采用壁面函数法．以此为基础,可以计算出冷却水的速度场、换热系数场等的分布,为玻壳模具温度场的数值分析提供了必需的边界条件．     

电磁力驱动载流金属熔体内剪应力的差分方法

依据差分方法将电磁流体控制方程及牛顿粘性方程离散化，得到差分方程，计算了在电磁力作用下方形铸模腔内载流金属熔体的剪应力，计算分析了电磁力对载流熔体流动的作用，讨论了不同励磁电流、频率对熔体剪应力的影响和电磁力作用与熔体内剪应力的相互关系。     

可变形天然裂缝动态宽度流-固耦合计算模型

针对当前的天然裂缝宽度预测模型没有考虑裂缝在缝内流动净压力作用下变形的问题,开展了可变形天然裂缝动态宽度流-固耦合计算模型研究。首先,根据天然裂缝的变形控制方程和缝内流动净压力方程建立流-固耦合漏失动力学模型,得到漏失速率和漏失前端侵入速度的控制方程;然后,运用自适应搜索法求取天然裂缝等效平均宽度,结合体积等效原则求得天然裂缝初始宽度,联合初始宽度和漏失速率的几何控制方程建立天然裂缝形态系数的求解方法;最后,基于漏失前端侵入速度的几何控制方程进行天然裂缝形态约束求解得到法向刚度,进而得到天然裂缝动态宽度流-固耦合计算模型。建立的可变形天然裂缝动态宽度流-固耦合计算模型,经验证其计算结果与现场测量数据吻合较好,仅需钻井液性能、井漏现场测量的漏失速率序列及漏失体积序列,就能进行天然裂缝动态宽度预测,便于现场应用。     

大曲率结构化表面湍流流场特性对比研究

湍流模型选择对于小尺寸大曲率圆管内软性磨粒流湍流流场模拟计算具有重要影响.针对此问题,提出使用标准k-ε模型与考虑两相磨粒流平均流动中的旋转及旋流流动情况的重整化群(RNG)k-ε模型进行仿真对比研究的方法.基于颗粒动力学理论的欧拉模型,对软性磨粒流的控制方程进行求解.通过使用两种湍流模型,对小尺寸大曲率圆管内湍流流动进行仿真计算,得到了两湍流模型下软性磨粒流流场的速度、压力、湍动能等数值模拟结果.仿真结果对比分析表明:标准k-ε模型模拟得到的速度值与实验值存在一定误差,而RNG k-ε模型仿真的速度值误差相对较小;标准k-ε模型对湍动能的估值计算比RNG k-ε湍流模型高,难以计算有滞止点的流动过程;RNG k-ε湍流模型能更有效地模拟有大曲率带分离的湍流流动,从而证明该模型更适合小尺寸大曲率圆管内软性磨粒流湍流流动的研究.     

基于Helmholtz速度分解的黏势流耦合方法

针对Navier-Stokes(N-S)方程,根据Helmholtz速度分解,将流场速度分解为势流部分和非势流部分,剥离势流部分后得到黏势流耦合的变形N-S方程.变形N-S方程求解的是非势流部分速度分量,其在远场的影响较弱,故较传统计算流体动力学(CFD)方法求解N-S方程计算区域小,计算效率较高.以圆柱绕流为例,势流部分速度分量采用解析解,并在OpenFOAM平台内实现了变形N-S方程的黏势流耦合计算.对不同雷诺数下圆柱绕流进行了计算模拟,并将耦合方法计算获得的流场中的速度、压力,与文献中的试验及传统CFD等计算的结果进行仔细比较和分析,相关结果吻合良好.研究表明,该方法适用于层流和湍流模型的计算模拟,为改善黏流计算效率提供了新的途径.     

注射成型的计算机数值模拟中参数S的探讨

在注射成型的数值模拟中,流导S是一个在压力场和温度场求解过程中耦合压力方程和能量方程的关键参数,基于材料非弹性、非牛顿、非等温的流动充填机理及边界条件,建立了温度、剪切速率、粘度、流导S的数学模型,并采用了外推法和非流温度法计算流导,研究结果表明：流导S与压力的相关性决定了压力代数方程的线性性;S是模腔半厚度h的增函数;非流温度法减少了外推法过度外推引起的误差。     

基于Fluent的高速内冷铣削加工区数值模拟

针对高速内冷铣削加工区流场内流体流动的复杂性,应用计算流体力学软件Fluent对高速内冷铣刀切削加工区的速度场和压力场进行研究,得到了不同冷却介质、铣削转速和不同直径的铣刀铣削同一孔径时的速度场与压力场分布,为进一步研究流场对高速内冷铣削加工区刀具寿命和工件质量的影响提供理论依据.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.