不确定性条件下经济开发区环境规划方法与应用研究(Ⅰ) 不确定性多目标混合整数规划模型及算法研究

以经济开发区环境规划的动态性、不确定性和多目标性为出发点,提出用不确定性多目标混合整数规划(IMOMIP)模型解决经济开发区的环境规划问题,并发展了一种基于目标偏离容忍水平(ODTL)的交互式算法,从而在模型求解过程和结果中直接反映系统的不确定性,并能有效协调不具有明显相关性的目标.     

旅游城市的不确定性多目标环境规划优化模型框架研究

简要分析了旅游城市环境规划的特点,针对性地提出了一套不确定性模糊多目标旅游环境系统规划优化方法,这是首次将不确定性多目标规划方法应用于以旅游业发展为重点的城市环境规划领域。并相应地建立了旅游城市环境不确定性模糊多目标系统规划优化模型（ＩＦＭＯＰＯＭＴＵＥ）,既把各种环境要素和经济要素有机地整合入模型中,又充分考虑了旅游城市环境发展的不确定性,通过人机交互式方法,将专家和决策者的意见落实在模型参数上     

不确定性系统下经济开发区环境规划方法与应用研究（I）

以经济开发区经济规划的动态性、不确定性和多目标性为出发点，提出用不确定性多目标混合整数规划（ＩＭＯＭＩＰ）模型解决经济开发区的环境规划问题，并发展了一种基于目标偏离容忍水平（ＯＤＴＬ）的交互式算法，从而在模型求解过程和结果中直接反映系统的不确定性，并能有效地协调不具有明显相关性的目标。     

不确定多目标电源规划模型

在综合考虑电源规划方案经济、社会和环境等多元目标的基础上,汲取概率和工程模糊集理论的思想方法,通过对规划方案中不确定性指标进行分类和规格化,建立不确定多目标电源规划模型,并给出评价决策方案优劣的方法．应用算例表明,该模型能够处理在随机情况下不具有明显相关关系的系统多目标之间的协调问题,且求解过程中易整合决策者和专家意见,为解决不确定系统的多目标问题提供了一种具有实用性的方法．     

西部地区反贫困与生态环境可持续性研究——以新疆和墨洛地区为例

我国广大西部地区面临着严重的贫困问题和生态环境问题,而其贫困也多为环境制约型贫困,贫困与生态环境问题往往交织在一起,互为因果。对于环境制约型贫困的西部地区,只有打破贫困与环境之间的恶性循环,建立经济与生态环境的良性循环才是反贫困的根本途径。因此,我国西部地区的反贫困与生态环境的可持续性研究尤为重要。本研究以新疆和墨洛地区为案例,对反贫困与生态环境可持续性的关系进行了深入的剖析,并在此基础上,采用不确定性多目标方法,构建了和墨洛地区经济与生态环境可持续发展规划模型,通过交互式反馈,最终得到有效合理的规划方案。这样,通过系统分析和建立规划模型从而既定性又定量地进行西部地区反贫困与生态环境可持续性研究。     

考虑经济性与碳排放的电-气综合能源系统多目标规划

为加速电-气系统快速、经济的低碳转型，构建了一种综合考虑经济性成本与碳排放量的电-气综合能源系统多目标随机优化规划模型.首先建立电-气网络与相关设备的数学模型，并运用场景法表征电、气负荷与光伏出力的不确定性.其次建立综合考虑系统经济性成本和碳排放量两个指标的混合整数二次约束规划(MIQCP)模型，对电网馈线、气网管道、变电站、配气站、燃气机组、电转气装置、光伏及储能装置进行统筹规划.最后，构建算例验证模型的可行性及有效性.结果表明：在不同的目标函数权重选择下，模型可以充分考虑电-气网络线路与多种综合能源设备间的耦合关系，获得整体最优的规划方案.     

西北内陆干旱区水资源可利用量计算方法研究

对西北内陆干旱区水资源形成和消散过程进行分析,结合生态、生产、生活用水的要求,将水资源复合系统划分为既相互独立又相互作用的社会经济系统和生态环境系统．以多年平均水资源总量为限制条件,利用大系统、多目标优化方法对两大系统进行优化研究,建立协调模型．通过引进向量,把多目标问题转化为单目标问题．分别给出图解法和库恩一塔克条件法两种模型求解方法。计算出社会经济需水量(包含河道外生态环境耗水量)即水资源可利用量的大小．     

配电网分布式风电与电池储能的协调优化配置

分布式风电(DWG)与电池储能(BES)在配电网中的位置与容量均会影响配电网的运行状态,为提高风电消纳能力,削弱风电出力不确定性对配电网运行的影响,在规划阶段应对二者进行选址定容协调优化配置.文中以计及风-储系统的随机潮流全面反映含DWG及BES的配电网运行状态及不确定性,以等年值综合收益最大化作为目标函数建立机会约束规划模型;提出改进多种群遗传算法,引入有效的寻优机制以增强算法性能.IEEE 33节点配电网算例的仿真分析验证了优化模型的合理性及算法的有效性.     

考虑路径风险的不确定需求应急物流定位-路径问题

针对突发事件发生后路网和救援物资需求的不确定性,考虑路径运行时间超期风险、路网通行能力风险、路径复杂性及应急物资需求不确定性,以应急物资运达总时间最小和系统总成本最小为目标,建立了基于随机机会约束规划的多目标应急物流定位-路径模型,设计了改进的遗传算法对其进行求解,采用罚函数法处理模型中的约束条件.算例分析验证了模型的合理性和算法的可行性.     

抵港时间不确定的多目标泊位-岸桥分配

针对不确定性因素造成的船舶提前或延迟到港的问题,考虑船舶抵港时间不确定性,建立以船舶在港时间和港口装卸成本最小化为目标的泊位-岸桥分配非线性混合整数多目标规划模型,利用优化技术处理非线性多目标问题.研究结果表明:模型能有效减少船舶抵港时间不确定性对港口运营造成的损失,优化船舶装卸操作成本和船舶在港作业时间,为集装箱码头提供了更合理的解决方案.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to