基于多元线性回归和BP神经网络的单井能力预测

为提高单井能力预测的精度和可靠性,提出利用地震属性数据,结合多元线性回归方法和BP神经网络方法进行预测。首先提取了研究区目的层的地震属性,然后利用多元线性回归方法和BP神经网络方法建立了单井能力与地质、地震属性之间的函数关系,得出了半定量-定量化的单井产量设计模型,并且验证了模型的预测结果。结果显示:单井能力预测精度总体在80%以上,其中BP神经网络模型预测精度更高,吻合度更好,证明了利用多种地震属性联合预测单井产能是一种卓有成效的方法。     

高速公路小修保养工程量的预测模型

为了科学合理地预测高速公路小修保养工程数量,分析了影响高速公路小修保养工程量的主要因素,提出了基于Matlab的BP神经网络高速公路小修保养工程量预测方法;以沥青路面年小修保养工程量历史统计数据为样本,将路面质量等级评分值、路面使用性能指数、年均日交通量、年均日重车量、计算使用年限、年均降雨量、年平均温差、路面厚度、路面宽度确定为影响沥青路面小修保养工程量的量化指标,建立了预测沥青路面小修保养工程量的多元非线性模型;以调研路段沥青路面实际破损维修数量为样本,分别用BP神经网络模型和多元线性回归模型进行预测分析。研究结果表明：将预测结果与实际维修量数据进行比较,BP神经网络模型预测误差为5%,多元线性回归模型预测误差为14%,说明BP神经网络模型是预测高速公路沥青路面小修保养工程量的一种较为合理可行的方法。     

基于BP神经网络的江西省铁路货物周转量预测

采用灰色关联分析法筛选出江西省铁路货物周转量的主要影响因素,在此基础上建立了BP神经网络预测模型,并采用多元线性回归模型、二次指数平滑法、灰色GM(1,1)模型分别对江西省铁路货物周转量进行预测,再对结果进行比较和误差分析。研究表明,BP神经网络模型预测精度明显高于其它三个模型,平均误差为0.76%,可用于实际预测。     

饱和醇结构-保留定量相关的人工神经网络模型

以拓扑指数为结构描述符,用基于Levenberg-Marquardt优化的BP神经网络建立了醇类化合物的结构与色谱保留值的相关性模型,用于未知醇类化合物在SE-30和OV-3两根色谱柱上保留指数的同时预测,其学习速率优于文献中普通BP神经网络法,预测准确度与普通BP神经网络法接近,但优于多元线性回归法,因而是一种较好的预测有机化合物气相色谱保留指数的方法.     

基于离散型二项式系数组合模型的黄土湿陷性评估

为了快速精确地利用基本物性指标预测湿陷性黄土的湿陷性系数,基于多种数据挖掘方法提出了离散型二项式系数组合预测模型。首先,采用相关系数法和随机森林重要性指数法综合选取模型基本物性指标为饱和度、干密度、液性指数和天然含水量;然后,分别利用多元线性回归、BP神经网络、支持向量机回归（SVR）和随机森林（RF）回归对黄土湿陷性系数进行预测,并将预测结果进行组合,得到4种单一模型、2种传统组合模型和离散型二项式系数组合模型预测结果;最后,利用6种不同精度指标对上述7种预测模型展开精度分析。结果表明：组合预测模型精度整体高于单一预测模型,且提出的离散型二项式系数组合模型各精度指标均为最优,平均相对误差为3.43%。可见提出的离散型二项式系数组合模型可为湿陷性黄土地区的工程设计提供参考。     

一种基于组合模型的时间序列数据挖掘系统

提出了一种新的时间序列数据挖掘方法———基于BP(Back Propagation)神经网络和回归分析的组合时间序列数据挖掘模型.重点讨论了神经网络———回归———线性神经网络组合模型的建立过程,强调了通用性,并应用于浙江省可持续发展预测,取得了满意的结果.该组合模型采用神经网络技术来确定权重系数,提高了对复杂非线性系统的拟合能力,为时间序列数据挖掘提供了一种新的实用方法.     

基于最优加权的组合预测模型及应用

针对各种单一的传统预测方法中存在的问题,提出了一种基于最优加权的组合预测方法．根据珠江三角洲天河水文站的水位预测要求,运用最优加权法建立了多元线性回归、灰色系统GM（1,1）和BP神经网络的组合模型．实验结果表明,组合预测方法比各单一模型有更高的预测精度．     

最小二乘支持向量机在害虫预测中的应用

针对害虫发生量数据的小样本、非线性特点,提出一种最小二乘支持向量机的害虫预测方法.首先采用多元线性回归分析法选择害虫发生量的影响因子,然后通过遗传算法对最小二乘支持向量机参数进行优化,最后建立害虫发生量与影响因子之间复杂的非线性关系模型.采用二代玉米螟百株幼虫虫量对模型性能进行检验,结果表明,相对于多元线性回归、BP神经网络模型,最小二乘支持向量机提高了二代玉米螟发虫量的预测精度,是一种有效的害虫变化预测方法.     

基于线性回归与神经网络的储层参数预测复合方法

为提高储层参数的预测精度,提出一种利用测井资料,结合多元线性回归和神经网络预测储层参数的新的复合方法,具体分两步:(1)通过多元线性回归分析建立回归值y'的计算模型,将y'作为储层参数的初步预测值;(2)通过RBF神经网络建立y'的残差Δd的预测模型,将预测结果Δd作为y'的非线性误差补偿,最终建立储层参数解释模型,y=y'+Δd。基于该方法,结合测井资料和岩心数据,建立了鄂尔多斯盆地某致密砂岩气田M3井区S_2~2、T_2~2段孔隙度和含水饱和度的测井解释模型,结果显示,新方法建立的模型预测值与S_2~2、T_2~2段实际岩心孔隙度、含水饱和度值的平均相对误差均小于17%,明显优于单独根据多元线性回归分析或RBF神经网络建立的解释模型,预测精度更高。     

基于贝叶斯超出表现模型的城市需水量组合预测

运用营口市人均综合用水量的历史数据,分别采用多元线性回归模型和BP神经网络模型对该市人均综合用水量进行预测,最后建立贝叶斯超出表现模型对所得到的单项预测值进行组合,实证分析结果表明,该组合预测模型获得了更为精确的预测效果,可以作为城市人均综合用水量预测的有效工具.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-