基于投影寻踪主成分分析法的综合国力评价模型研究

综合国力是一个国家基本实力的体现,综合国力评价方法研究是一重要课题,当前评价综合国力的方法不多,一般使用方法比较简单,且易受主观因素影响.综合国力评价涉及的评价指标较多,利用投影寻踪主成分分析综合评价法是一个科学合理的方法.本文给出投影寻踪主成分分析综合评价模型,并应用到综合国力的评价中.     

水环境质量综合评价的ACSIM

为提高评价模型的计算精度,本文利用投影寻踪、蚁群算法、插值型曲线和水环境质量评价标准,为水环境质量综合评价建立了一种新的模型--蚁群插值模型.该模型可依据样本自身的数据特性寻求最佳投影方向.通过最佳投影向量和评价指标向量的内积把水环境质量多维评价样本指标综合成一维投影指标.根据该投影指标值和对应等级的分布,可建立水环境质量评价的蚁群分段插值模型(ACSIM).文中给出了新模型实施的详细步骤,并在各等级中产生建模样本500个,利用该模型对长江流域19个主要站点的水环境质量进行了综合评价.ACSIM评价结果介于Bayes判别分析方法和主成分分析方法之间,且精度较高.ACSIM的评价结果是实数值,可自动优化指标权重,具有直观、有效和通用性,可应用于环境质量综合评价问题.     

投影寻踪模型在建筑业综合评价中的应用

建筑业综合评价涉及众多评价指标,属于高维数据的处理问题。本文提出采用高维降维技术——投影寻踪评价模型,来解决高维数据空间向低维子空间的转化问题。避免了传统综合评价模型中需要人为确定各个评价指标权重系数的人为干扰性,建立了建筑业投影寻踪综合评价模型,使得评价结果更加科学、准确,为该方面研究提供了新的研究思路和方法。     

投影寻踪模型在国民经济综合评价中的应用

选择15个经济评价指标,利用2006年福建省统计年鉴数据建立投影寻踪模型,对福建省8个省辖市和一个计划单列市(厦门)的国民经济进行综合评价和分析.研究表明:应用改进单纯形法求解投影寻踪模型参数,对国民经济进行综合评价,方法可行,便于操作,具有较强的适用性和应用性.     

基于K-Means动态聚类的投影寻踪分类模型

投影寻踪分类模型作为一种多因素影响问题的综合评价方法,已经被研究者广泛应用在各个领域并取得了良好的效果.然而模型本身还存在密度窗宽不确定以及模型无分类规则等尚需解决的问题.针对这些问题,提出一个基于K-Means动态分类的投影寻踪分类模型,定义了一个新的投影指标.实证分析说明了该模型的可靠性和可操作性.     

数控机床质量投影寻踪综合评价方法

针对数控机床质量评价指标多维性问题,提出了基于投影寻踪(projection pursuit,PP)模型的综合评价方法。引入正弦余弦算法(sine cosine algorithm,SCA)计算数控机床质量评价指标的客观权重,结合专家经验利用层次分析法(analytic hierarchy process,AHP)得到各指标的主观权重,基于最小信息熵原理将客观权重与主观权重相结合得到数控机床质量评价指标的组合权重,最后由投影寻踪投影值算法得出综合评价值。实例研究表明该方法可行。     

上海市公路网安全宏观评价投影寻踪模型

从道路交通安全系统工程的角度,构建了上海市公路网安全宏观评价指标体系．基于投影寻踪算法的基本原理和求解过程,建立了上海市公路网安全宏观评价模型．该模型能从待评样本寻求各评价指标的客观权重,更重要的是能通过增加主观约束条件,来体现决策者对某些评价指标的偏好,实现了评价指标的主、客观权重的综合考虑．采用实码加速遗传算法优化投影指标函数,求解最优投影向量,有效地解决了高维数据全局寻优的问题．     

高光谱遥感波段选择的非线性投影寻踪方法

针对高光谱遥感波段选择问题，提出了一种非线性投影寻踪指标，构造了投影寻踪迭代算法．对植被高光谱遥感图像的实验分析表明，该方法所选出的三个特征波段基本上相当于三个主成分方向所包含的信息量，特别是提高了易混类别的分类精度．     

地下水水质评价的FA优化灰色关联投影寻踪模型

为解决水质评价中的不相容性和模糊性等问题,在综合考虑从优隶属度和灰色关联的基础上,改进了灰色关联投影法(Grey Relation Projection Method,GRPM),将改进后的方法与投影寻踪(Projection Pursuit,PP)法相结合,提出了用于地下水水质综合评价的灰色关联投影寻踪模型.该模型把地下水水质综合评价作为一个灰色多目标决策问题,运用投影寻踪技术,构建了可以反映地下水水质状况的投影目标函数,引入萤火虫算法(Firefly Algorithm,FA)对投影目标函数进行优化,寻求灰色关联投影值的最佳投影方向,求得标准样本和评价样本的灰色关联投影值,实现了地下水水质综合评价.随机选取北京市2013年枯水期水样10例,运用该模型进行了水质综合评价,将其结果与综合评分法(F值法)结果进行比较,验证了该模型的有效性和可行性.实例应用表明,该模型评价结果可客观反映地下水水质状况,可为对比分析同一级别水质样本,分析水质变化趋势提供依据,使评价结果更趋于实际.     

区域水资源潜力综合评价的遗传投影寻踪方法

为解决单项水资源潜力评价指标评价结果的不相容问题,提高水资源潜力综合评价各层次的分辨力和评价模型的精度,采用大样本数据,利用投影寻踪、遗传算法、阶梯型曲线和水资源潜力评价标准,为水资源潜力综合评价提出了一种新的方法---遗传投影寻踪方法(GPPM).文中给出了实施GPPM的详细步骤,作为示例,对黄河中游关中地区水资源潜力进行了综合评价.结果表明,GPPM的评价结果可靠、直观、适用性强,不仅可以对水资源潜力进行综合评价,同时可以科学地确定评价指标的权重和对评价指标的合理性进行检验.GPPM可广泛应用于各种水资源的综合评价.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.