高速公路建设项目集成化管理评价体系

为促进高速公路工程集成化管理的发展,解决超工期、超预算等问题,该文运用文献调研和编码分析方法提出高速公路建设项目集成化管理评价指标体系,包括全寿命期集成、目标集成、组织集成以及信息化管理4个维度共13个评价指标;给出各指标分值的调查和计算方法;采用专家调研法确定各指标的权重。应用上述评价体系得出惠州市惠莞和惠深沿海高速公路的集成化管理水平评分分别为4.028和3.563;最后调查上述2个高速公路项目的管理绩效,证明集成化管理水平越高,项目目标实现得越好。     

基于集成思想的高速公路BOT项目价值网构建及评价

根据全过程集成、全参与方集成、全寿命周期集成等工程项目集成管理的原理,建立了价值网团队共同的目标体系并构建了基于集成思想的高速公路BOT项目价值网,分析了价值网管理的流程和步骤;为了更好地指导和促进高速公路BOT项目增值管理,利用数据包络分析法(DEA)的C2R模型对价值网团队进行了评价,并以"团队协作度"为例进行举例分析。     

基于蒙特卡罗的高速公路项目全寿命周期成本模型

在分析高速公路项目全寿命周期成本构成的基础上,采用成本现值和等额成本年值指标构建了高速公路项目全寿命周期成本数学模型,并针对成本计算中的不确定性,运用蒙特卡罗方法对实例进行了模拟,验证了模型和模拟方法的实用性,为高速公路项目建设方案决策和节约成本提供了科学方法和理论依据.     

基于蒙特卡洛法的全寿命周期成本计算

以高速公路生命进程为序,以时间点为界,把公路全寿命分为3个阶段:建设前期阶段,建设阶段,建设后阶段;包括4种成本:首善成本、作业成本、服务成本,声誉成本。借助Excel软件建立基于蒙特卡罗法的全寿命周期总成本计算模型,使得决策者清楚明了在一定的概率下,项目全寿命周期要多少成本。     

高速公路可行性研究阶段风险分析

高速公路工程设计、施工及运营全寿命周期内,均面临着各种风险.可行性研究阶段是高速公路基本建设程序中的关键环节.文章从项目可行性研究的角度,结合工作实践经验,提出可研阶段主要从市场风险、工程技术风险及政策风险三个方面进行风险分析,采用财务可持续发展指标对项目进行评估.     

大型公共建筑项目施工招标全寿命周期管理探讨

工程的招投标制度是我国建筑管理体制的一项重大改革,对规范建设市场、建立投资责任约束机制、提高投资效益起到了一定的作用。该文提出大型公共建筑项目的施工招标的管理目标体系,并运用全寿命周期的理论全面分析大型公共建筑项目施工招标的招标流程构建及影响要素,进而将招标目标管理细化为过程与要素的管理,采用项目协同管理的理念针对过程和要素的管理提出解决办法;运用关键路径法对施工招标全寿命周期工作流程进行优化,分析利益相关方以加强施工招标的组织协同。     

高速公路BOT项目全寿命周期融资风险评价及控制

针对高速公路建设资金筹集困难、筹资主要渠道单一的现状,在高速公路项目采用BOT模式进行融资的基础上,提出了高速公路BOT项目全寿命周期融资风险的灰色模糊评价方法.运用灰色模糊预警模型对高速公路BOT项目在全寿命周期融资过程中所面临的风险进行评价分析,利用专家打分法进行风险指标权重的确定,结合层次分析法并运用白化权函数等对评价模型进行优化.最后通过案例验证了模型的科学性和合理性,并对模型计算结果进行了评价及风险控制研究.     

佛开高速公路改扩建工程新大雁山收费站机电工程施工经验总结

新大雁山收费站是佛开高速公路沿线收费站之一,也是佛开高速公路谢边至三堡段扩建工程机电工程的重要实施内容之一,本文结合项目设计方案,简单介绍了新大雁山收费站机电工程的具体施工过程,总结提炼了高速公路扩建项目收费站机电工程的实施经验,以期对类似项目收费站机电工程的施工工作起到一定程度的借鉴和指导作用。     

项目的全寿命周期风险管理的研究

本文首先论述了项目全寿命周期中的风险及其关系 ,指出项目全寿命周期风险管理的核心在于持续的风险管理 ,同时分析了基于沟通和知识共享的团队风险管理的优点。最后提出了项目全寿命周期风险管理的系统模型。     

面向装备规划计划的体系贡献率评估方法

 当前的体系贡献率研究主要集中在装备立项论证阶段，亟需加强规划计划阶段自顶向下的体系贡献率研究。从体系贡献率主导的装备全寿命周期管理思想出发，提出了包括“作战概念牵引、能力需求主导、价值定位核算、使命手段匹配、能力贡献评估”的五步评估方法，根据装备项目对体系能力差距的满足程度评估项目体系贡献率，并构建体系贡献率配比模型。将体系贡献率评估前推到规划计划阶段，能够加强装备全寿命周期管理的顶层设计和整体指导，克服当前分散式、碎片式体系贡献率研究的不足。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.