基于变尺度DCT和PCA的人脸识别方法

针对实际应用中要对不同尺度的人脸图像进行匹配和识别的需求,提出一种基于变尺度DCT(离散余弦变换)结合PCA(主成分分析法)的人脸识别方法.首先将不同尺度的人脸图像进行DCT变换,然后提取出相同的DCT系数,再将提出的DCT系数进行PCA降维,最后进行匹配识别.通过对ORL人脸库及实验采集的多尺度人脸图像进行实验,证明了所提方法对不同尺度图像的匹配识别有效,并测算了DCT变换后的修剪尺度及PCA特征维数对该方法识别准确率的影响.     

基于Gabor特征和EHMM的人脸识别方法

针对传统人脸识别方法在受到表情、姿态和光照等影响时存在鲁棒性差的问题,提出了一种改进的人脸识别方法。在特征提取上,该方法首先提取人脸的Gabor特征,接着利用DCT(discrete cosine transform)压缩使得相似特征得到聚合,最后利用PCA(principal component analysis)分别筛选出最能够代表人脸各个区域的DCT系数。在识别方法上,该方法采用了嵌入式隐马尔科夫模型(embedded hidden markov model,EHMM),并基于人脸的认知结构信息对嵌入式隐马尔可夫人脸结构模型进行了改进。对比实验结果表明,该方法识别率高,复杂度低,并具有较好的鲁棒性,易于在工程上应用。     

DCT和2DPCA降维与识别算法的比较研究

首先分析了DCT用于特征降维的可行性,并给出了DCT特征降维的基本原理.然后以人脸识别和人脸表情识别为背景,在DCT和2DPCA具有相当的降维效果时,给出了DCT比2DPCA具有较高的人脸识别率和人脸表情识别率的理论分析.最后,利用AT&T人脸库和JAFFE人脸表情库,分别对DCT和2DPCA进行了比较仿真实验.     

状态加权合成的CGHMM训练算法

为了克服训练数据不足的问题,提出了一种新的方法——基于状态加权合成的连续高斯混合密度隐马尔可夫模型(continuous Gaussian mixture hidden Markov model,CGHMM)训练算法.首先对每一个待合并模型中的每个状态都选定一个权值,当对多个训练样本进行CGHMM参数重估时,每一次迭代过程都分别对每一个训练样本获取CGHMM参数,再使用仅仅取决于状态数的权值加以合并.最后,将此新算法应用于轴承故障诊断,并与经典CGHMM算法进行了比较.实验结果表明,新算法的诊断精度更高,输出概率更好,获得了更优的训练模板.     

改进的基于DCT与局部保持投影的人脸识别方法

引入基于局部保持能力判据的特征选择算法对融合离散余弦变换(DCT)和局部保持投影的人脸识别方法进行改进.首先对人脸图像进行DCT变换,得到DCT系数,然后以不同频率DCT系数的拉普拉斯值作为局部保持能力判据对DCT系数进行选择,最后对选出的DCT系数执行局部保持投影算法提取识别特征,在ORL人脸数据库上的实验结果证明了该方法的有效性.     

一种新的基于DCT变换的人脸表征

DCT变换是一种与KL变换非常相似的次最优变换算法.由于它独立于信号量,并且在维数下降、特征提取方面都非常接近经典的KL变换算法,因此DCT变换已经适用于模式识别领域.文章针对人脸图像,基于DCT变换,提出了一种融合整体DCT变换和分块加权DCT变换提取人脸图像的整体特征系数和局部特征系数,用于人脸表征的新方法.实验结果表明,本方法无论是在识别率还是在时间性能方面都优于传统的KL变换.     

不同扫描方式在JPEG隐写分析方法中的研究与应用

目前绝大部分JPEG隐写方法都是通过改变DCT系数值来实现秘密信息嵌入,这种嵌入方式必然会对DCT系数的相关性造成影响,在隐写分析时挖掘DCT系数相关性很有必要。共生矩阵是挖掘DCT系数相关性的常用工具,利用该工具在提取特征前需要先对系数进行扫描。现有主流JPEG隐写分析方法主要采用行扫描或列扫描,对其他扫描方式研究较少,没有充分挖掘DCT系数相关性。针对这个问题,该文在研究不同扫描方式后,提出了一种新的JPEG隐写分析方法。该方法首先分析了不同扫描方式对DCT系数的块间和块内相关性的影响,然后使用多种高阶共生矩阵提取DCT系数在不同方向和距离上的相关性作为特征。针对4种隐写方法11种嵌入率的实验表明,与同类型的低维特征方法相比,该方法的检测正确率有明显提升,与同类型的高维特征方法相比,在不明显降低检测正确率的情况下,能使得特征维数得到有效控制,综合性能有一定提升。     

基于连续隐Markov模型的发酵过程关键状态变量软测量

针对生物发酵过程中一些关键状态变量难以用仪表进行在线检测的问题,提出了一种基于连续隐Markov模型(CHMM)的软测量方法.首先,为增加模型预测的鲁棒性,采用多观测样本序列训练CHMM模型库,运用Baum-Welch参数重估修正公式实现CHMM参数优化;然后,将新样本观测向量输入训练好的CHMM模型库,并基于Vite...     

不同扫描方式在联合图像专家小组隐写分析方法中的应用

目前绝大部分联合图像专家小组(joint photographic experts group,JPEG)隐写方法都是通过改变DCT系数值来实现秘密信息嵌入;这种嵌入方式必然会对DCT系数的相关性造成影响,在隐写分析时挖掘DCT系数相关性很有必要。共生矩阵是挖掘DCT系数相关性的常用工具,利用该工具在提取特征前需要先对系数进行扫描。现有主流JPEG隐写分析方法主要采用行扫描或列扫描,对其他扫描方式研究较少,没有充分挖掘DCT系数相关性。针对这个问题,在研究不同扫描方式后,提出了一种新的JPEG隐写分析方法;该方法首先分析了不同扫描方式对DCT系数的块间和块内相关性的影响,然后使用多种高阶共生矩阵提取DCT系数在不同方向和距离上的相关性作为特征。针对4种隐写方法 11种嵌入率的实验表明,与同类型的低维特征方法相比,该方法的检测正确率有明显提升;与同类型的高维特征方法相比,在不明显降低检测正确率的情况下,能使得特征维数得到有效控制,综合性能有一定提升。     

基于正交余弦变换域概率主成分分析的嵌入隐马尔可夫人脸识别模型

提出并证明了概率主成分分析作用于正交余弦变换(DCT)域与作用于空域所获得的结果相同.利用DCT变换的快速压缩性能和概率主成分分析的软降维性能来稳定地获取和表示人脸的局部特征,并把得到的特征向量作为嵌入隐马尔可夫模型的观察向量,建立了基于DCT域概率主成分分析的嵌入隐马尔可夫人脸识别模型.该模型应用于不同表情和光照下的人脸识别,取得了较好的实验结果.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.