磁光调制技术在光偏振微小旋转角精密测量中的应用

提供了一种实验装置,在光偏振微小旋转角的测量中,应用磁光调制技术,对薄膜样品的克尔效应、药物原料的离光效应和化学试剂的费尔德常数进行了观测、测量。其中在费尔德常数的测量中,精度达到了亚毫度的数量级,详细介绍了该装置的工作原理,以及在实验中获得的数据。     

基于磁光调制及基频信号检测的高精度波片测量

为提高波片相位延迟量的准确性,提出了一种基于磁光调制的波片相位延迟量测量方法.在标准1/4波片和检偏器之间插入磁光调制器,调整元件转角使出射光强只剩下偶次谐波成分,利用该特性,通过检测基频成分的残余量而非整个光强信号来进行波片相位延迟量的精密测量.利用琼斯矩阵推导了相应的理论公式并建立了波片测量系统,误差分析表明当环境温度变化范围为0.1℃时,系统测量不确定优于5',对1/2波片和1/4波片的重复测量实验表明测量标准偏差约为2'.      

正弦相位调制型光纤传感器的一种解调方案

正弦相位调制型光纤传感器以正弦相位调制的全光纤光路,采用电子电路解调方案实现了实时相位解调,该光纤传感器测量微小位移分辨率达nm量级,工作频率范围为0.1～300Hz,不但可测微小位移及振动,也具有对瞬态位移进行检测的独特性能.文中阐述了此光纤传感器的工作原理及实验结果。     

载波散斑相关条纹的调制频率

针对载波电子散斑干涉(CESPI)偏转物面调制法出现的载波相关条纹的调制频率(f)的合理取值问题,通过CESPI迈克尔逊测量系统光路图分析了偏转角(Δα)与调制频率之间关系,根据散斑大小与散斑空间位移间的相关约束条件,推导出载波相关条纹调制频率的极大值公式;根据载波相关条纹图的频谱分离要求,推导了载波相关条纹调制频率的极小值公式.为了有效提高调制频率,提出了一种基于偏转参考镜面的调制方法,并建立了几何光路模型进行理论分析.实验结果表明:该方法能克服散斑尺寸对调制频率的约束,可以有效提高载波相关条纹的调制频率,特别适用于大载荷形变的CESPI测量.     

滚转角测量方法的研究

采用直角坐标系统的机床或测量机共有２１项结构误差，其中１８项误差可以用现成的干涉仪测量，另外３项滚转角误差没有现成的仪器测量。提出了一种动态测量滚转角误差的方法，基于偏振面旋转角的测量，用半波片作传感元件，自动读出法给出测量结果。文中介绍了３个关键的问题：法拉第盒的设计、反馈方法消除旋光漂移以及进一步提高分辨率的方法。实验结果表明，这种方法具有良好的线性，分辨率为０．１″，漂移量为０．１５（″）／ｈ。     

基于激光自混合干涉法的微振动测量

激光自混合干涉法由于其测量精度高、光路简单、准直性好等优点,十分适合于微小振动的测量.然而在测量微振动时,由于被测目标振幅微小且大多情况下其表面反射系数很低,造成测量信号的幅值较小以及光反馈导致的信号波形倾斜不明显,给测量信号解调带来了很大难度.在自混合干涉光路中添加一个预反馈镜,构成带预反馈的干涉光路系统,可将测量信号增强2~4倍.同时,推导"基频-极值点判定算法"的频率幅值解调公式,建立了模型算法,实现自混合干涉信号的解调.理论分析和实验表明,频率测量的误差小于2.5%,振幅测量的误差小于5%.      

线性结构光心的自适应迭代提取法

针对线结构光测量系统中如何提高光刀中心位置提取精度的问题,根据系统量传递理论,建立了线结构光截面强度的偏态分布分析模型,采用一种基于重心法的自适应迭代算法来提取光刀中心位置,并且分析了被曲面调制后的光刀强度分布变化对光刀中心位置提取精度的影响.分别对45°标准斜面和自由曲面进行了实验,并与阈值重心法、自适应阈值法进行了比较.实验结果表明,自适应迭代提取算法可以得到较稳定、更准确的光刀中心位置数据,精度可从50μm提高到10μm左右,并具有受外界干扰影响较小的特点,因此满足了线结构光测量系统的测量精度要求.     

车辆横摆转动惯量及轮胎侧偏刚度识别方法的研究

车辆参数辨识在汽车正逆向开发及控制器设计等方面是必要前提与技术难点.目前参数的获取主要有两种方法:通过仪器测量的方法和系统辨识技术.研究了一种能够识别横摆转动惯量及轮胎侧偏刚度的实验辨识方法.该方法通过汽车转向盘转角脉冲输入获得的实验数据,首先采用时域法辨识车辆横摆角速度对转向盘转角和侧向加速度对转向盘转角的传递函数,再通过非线性最小二乘法拟合传递函数中包含的横摆转动惯量和前后轮胎侧偏刚度,使所得频响特性和辨识所得频响特性误差最小,最后通过仿真验证该方法的理论可行性.所提的实验辨识获得横摆角速度和轮胎侧偏刚度参数的优点是无需特制或购买专用测量设备,尤其在实验条件受限情况下,更具有重要的工程实际意义.     

基于干涉法测微小位移

本文提供一种应用迈克尔逊干涉仪及微弱电信号检测处理系统测量微小位移的设计方案。在光学平台上搭建出实验光路,并通过后续电路完成光电转换和信号放大,通过计算机对数字信号的分析实现对微小位移的测量。     

基于CCD的实时成像与微小尺寸测量系统的设计

设计了一种基于CCD的实时成像与微小尺寸测量系统,该系统由CCD摄像头、视频解码芯片、FPGA、USB芯片和上位机组成.用FPGA控制视频解码芯片获取CCD摄像头采集的光学信号,通过USB传给上位机,利用多线程技术实现控制命令的发送、图像数据的接收、处理和显示,以及微小尺寸的测量.结果表明:经过多次测量实验得到系统误差不超过3μm,满足测量精度要求;通过选用不同分辨率的CCD,可以实现不同精度的微小尺寸测量.此外还对双棱镜干涉实验所形成的干涉条纹间距进行了测量,验证了系统的功能.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to