湖南锡田和邓阜仙燕山期花岗岩的源区差异及其意义

对湖南茶陵锡田和邓阜仙复式岩体燕山期二云母花岗岩进行岩相学、锆石及岩石元素地球化学特征的对比研究,以探讨其源区可能的差异对钨锡多金属成矿的影响。研究结果表明:锡田与邓阜仙二云母花岗岩均显示为高硅、高铝、富碱特征,较高的10 000w(Ga)/w(Al)(分别为3.58~4.20和2.04~4.11,w为质量分数)指示其为A型花岗岩;w(Nd)/w(Th)15和w(Th)/w(U)1特征指示两者为壳源,但锡田岩体较邓阜仙岩体含磷低,更富稀土元素,其Eu负异常(δ(Eu)=0.03~0.04)较邓阜仙岩体(δ(Eu)=0.24~0.85)更显著,轻重稀土分馏程度更低,其稀土配分曲线呈"对称"型,而邓阜仙岩体为"右倾"型;由锆石组分计算的锡田与邓阜仙岩浆结晶温度分别为823~945℃和613~922℃,氧逸度lg(fo_2/10~5 Pa)分别为-14.7和-16.8,表明两岩体均为形成伸展背景下的A型花岗岩,是元古宙地壳部分熔融产物;源区以碎屑岩为主,锡田岩体源区应更富火成岩,这表明同为壳源,且同期、空间相邻岩体仍可存在源区和成岩环境的差异,这种物源背景差异对成矿产生影响。     

河南栾川县松树台钼钨矿床及其控矿岩体地质地球化学特征

松树台隐伏钼钨矿位于著名的南泥湖钼矿田黄背岭钼成矿带内,区内小型酸性侵入体广泛分布,断裂构造发育,成矿背景好。矿体产于三川组大理岩与花岗斑岩的接触带,矿石类型包括大理岩型钼矿石、矽卡岩型钼矿石和花岗斑岩型钼矿石。钼、钨资源储量达到中型规模,矿石品位较高,钼平均品位0.12%,伴生钨平均品位0.08%。黄背岭似斑状花岗岩与成矿关系最密切,该岩体为高硅—富钾的钙碱性岩石,SiO2平均含量73.83%,Na2O+K2O平均含量8.97%,σ=2.01~3.283.3;轻稀土元素相对富集,Ce、Eu负异常明显,δEu平均0.40,δCe为0.56~0.78;Sr、Ba亏损较大,大离子亲石元素相对富集。这些特征与南泥湖及上房岩体相似。综合认为松树台钼钨矿床与南泥湖及上房钼矿类型一样为斑岩—矽卡岩型钼矿床。矿体深部未封底,有较大的找矿增储潜力。     

准苏吉花斑岩型钼铜矿床岩体特征及成矿机制研究

通过对辉钼矿的Re-Os及锆石U-Pb同位素年代学研究, 得到辉钼矿的Re-Os等时线年龄为297.2±4.3 Ma, 赋矿花岗斑岩的锆石U-Pb年龄为 301.1±4.0 Ma, 确定准苏吉花斑岩型钼铜(Mo-Cu)矿床的成岩成矿时代为晚石炭世至早二叠世。准苏吉花矿区不含矿花岗闪长岩的锆石U-Pb 年龄为301.2±2.2 Ma, 与花岗斑岩成岩时代一致。发育角闪石和黑云母的矿物学特征以及高Rb, Th和Ba, 低P和Ti的岩石地球化学特征表明, 花岗斑岩和花岗闪长岩同属于I型花岗岩。较低的Re含量、Mg#值、Nb/Ta值和Zr/Hf值以及低ISr值和正ε_Nd(t)值的全岩Sr-Nd同位素特征表明, 准苏吉花花岗岩的源区为新生下地壳的部分熔融, 岩浆演化过程中, 花岗斑岩和花岗闪长岩均经历较强烈的分离结晶作用, 有利于Mo进一步在残余熔体中富集。通过锆石的Ce⁴⁺/Ce³⁺值计算获得岩浆结晶分异时的氧逸度, 发现花岗斑岩岩浆的氧逸度相对较高(ΔFMQ平均值为+4.8), 花岗闪长岩岩浆氧逸度相对较低(ΔFMQ平均值为+2.2), 表明高氧逸度的岩浆更有利于Mo和Cu富集成矿。     

云南都龙锡锌矿床中白钨矿微量元素及稀土元素地球化学

云南马关都龙Sn-Zn多金属矿床位于滇东南老君山锡锌钨多金属成矿区南部,是我国三大锡石硫化物矿床之一,近年来矿区外围西部-金石坡矿段的地质勘探与找矿,发现矿区深部燕山期隐伏花岗岩外接触带存在大量W(-Cu-Mo)矿化,呈细脉(网脉)状、星点状、团斑状产于碎裂状石榴石-透辉石夕卡岩、节理与裂隙发育的夕卡岩化大理岩及片岩和花岗岩顶部硅化壳接触带.研究表明,其中矿石矿物-白钨矿以富集Sn,Mo,Pb,Zn,Cu为特征,Sr和Ba相对富集,其稀土配分模式为中等向右倾斜曲线,这些微量元素富集与稀土元素元素组成特征与隐伏花岗岩基本一致,仅Eu正异常明显,可能是继承了花岗岩中长石类矿物的Eu正异常特征所致,W等成矿物质主要来源于深部燕山晚期隐伏花岗岩,其矿化应与深部隐伏花岗岩侵入活动过程中的结晶分异作用有关,该成矿阶段,成矿流体具有较高的温度和氧逸度.此外,从矿区深部(靠近隐伏岩体)至地表浅部,矿化类型(W-Fe-Cu-Mo-Sn→Sn-Zn)和夕卡岩类型(无水夕卡岩:石榴石化和透辉石→含水夕卡岩:绿泥石、阳起石、透闪石)均呈有规律变化,其垂直分带特征与典型夕卡岩型矿床较类似.因此,都龙Sn-Zn多金属矿床应属于与燕山晚期花岗岩有关的夕卡岩型多金属矿床,其中层状夕卡岩的形成应为成矿流体顺层交代的结果,矿化类型和围岩蚀变的差异与隐伏岩体距离和控矿构造有关.     

华东南铀成矿省铀矿成岩成矿年代学研究现状及存在问题

华东南铀成矿省位于华南新构造区,是中国铀矿资源最为集中的成矿省,位于东经110°～120°,北纬24°～30°区域,呈带状集中分布在赣杭、桃山-诸广、武夷山3个铀成矿带,铀成矿类型主要包括花岗岩型、火山岩型。结合前人成果,收集了该区域典型矿床近10年同位素测年不同方法获得的成岩成矿年龄数据。通过对华东南铀成矿省的地质背景及主要铀矿床成岩-成矿时差统计分析,得出以下结论:成矿主要受华南大陆与华北板块完成拼合的印支运动,以及太平洋板块向欧亚板块俯冲形成的燕山运动影响。3个铀成矿带主要成矿期较为一致,分别是早白垩世早期、早白垩世晚期和晚白垩世。花岗岩岩体成岩集中在130～160 Ma,成矿作用在47～145 Ma都有分布。成岩-成矿二者在物质来源、地球动力学背景和条件等方面存在差异,可能为不同岩浆-流体成矿体系的产物。同时认为存在以下问题:由于测年方法、样品的不同导致同位素年代数据存在较大差异,影响了岩矿时差的准确测算。目前对成岩物质、成矿物质的精确测试和分析的研究较少。     

吉林抚松县龙湾铅锌矿床地质地球化学特征研究

龙湾铅锌矿床赋存于早白垩世正长花岗岩与中奥陶统马家沟组碳酸盐岩接触带附近,围岩蚀变强烈.铅锌矿石微量元素特征与正长花岗岩较为相似,矿石Co/Ni值为2.93~4.32,具有岩浆热液成因矿床的特征.矿石稀土元素配分模式为右傾的轻稀土富集型,自矿石到花岗岩体,其稀土总量73.92×10~(-6)到277.42×10~(-6)逐渐升高.碳氧同位素特征显示成矿热液主要为岩浆水.矿床成矿物质主要来源于花岗岩体,矿床为典型的矽卡岩型矿床.     

西藏多巴—班戈地区燕山晚期花岗岩的成因与找矿前景

探讨西藏多巴—班戈地区燕山晚期花岗岩类岩体的成因,评价找矿前景.通过对花岗岩类岩体的地质、地球化学、成分演化程度、分异程度和氧化状态的分析,结果表明,早白垩世花岗岩的岩石组合为英云冈长岩-花岗闪长岩-二长花岗岩,属偏铝质—过铝质高钾钙碱性I型,具弱的斜长石分离结晶,形成于火山弧环境,角闪岩部分熔融而来; SiO2含量低...     

新疆黄山南含矿镁铁-超镁铁杂岩体的岩石学特征及成因探讨

新疆哈密黄山南含矿镁铁-超镁铁杂岩体侵位于下石炭统干洞组片岩中,岩体可划分为两个侵入期四个岩相。其原始岩浆具富镁贫钙、碱质钛略偏低特征,属拉斑玄武岩系列,是上地幔经部分熔融的产物。岩体成岩温度为1900～750℃,压力为223.8～285.4MPa,氧逸度为10~(-13)～10~(-14)。     

胶西北大尹格庄斑状花岗岩地球化学特征及地质意义

郭家岭型花岗岩主要分布于胶西北北部的上庄、丛家、郭家岭一带,近年在大尹格庄金矿钻孔中发现了斑状花岗岩。本次研究采取大尹格庄斑状花岗岩样品,测试了岩石主量元素、微量元素和稀土元素含量。岩体具有高的Ba(1 187×10~(-6)~1 897×10~(-6))、Sr(931.25×10~(-6)~989.54×10~(-6))、轻稀土(113.17×10~(-6)~167.68×10~(-6))含量,低的Nb(3.81×10~(-6)~6.09×10~(-6))、Ta(0.18×10~(-6)~0.31×10~(-6))和重稀土(4.21×10~(-6)~5.63×10~(-6))含量,轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损(LREE/HREE=26.07~32.04),无明显Eu异常,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、P、Ti,与上庄岩体同属郭家岭型花岗岩。岩浆具有壳幔混合特点,成岩背景为活动大陆边缘。大型金矿附近都有郭家岭型花岗岩存在,金矿的形成与郭家岭型花岗岩相依;成岩时间早于金矿成矿时间5~10 Ma,与岩浆期后热液矿床成岩成矿时间差相符;郭家岭型花岗岩为金矿成矿提供了成矿物质、热源和矿化剂,胶东金矿的形成与郭家岭型花岗岩关系密切。     

江西九岭南缘古阳寨地区铍矿化伟晶岩独居石U-Pb定年及其地质意义

以江西九岭南缘古阳寨地区铍矿化伟晶岩为研究对象,选取规模较大的藏龙洞铍矿化伟晶岩脉,通过野外地质调查和LA-ICP-MS测定独居石U-Pb年龄测定,初步了解了九岭南缘古阳寨地区花岗伟晶岩地质特征。结果表明,九岭南缘古阳寨地区铍矿化伟晶岩成岩成矿年龄为(138.57±0.78) Ma,归属于早白垩世。铍矿化伟晶岩侵入于九岭南缘古阳寨中细粒含斑二云母二长花岗岩体内部,形成时代略晚于燕山期古阳寨岩体,显示两者在空间和时间上具有密切的成因联系,推测古阳寨地区铍矿化伟晶岩为古阳寨岩体二云母二长花岗岩结晶分异而成。建议针对古阳寨二云母二长花岗岩体内部和外接触带0～5 km范围内,加强调查力度,以期实现该区域内伟晶岩型铍矿找矿突破。     

阿尔泰地区霍热木德克花岗岩体年代学、地球化学特征及构造意义

中阿尔泰构造带出露大面积晚三叠世花岗岩,对其进行详细研究是了解阿尔泰造山带构造演化和陆壳增生过程的重要途径。本文对霍热木德克岩体进行详细的岩石学、锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学及Sr-Nd同位素研究。霍热木德克花岗岩体主要有粗粒二长花岗岩、细粒二长花岗岩和正长花岗岩。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学研究结果表明,其结晶年龄为(222.3±1.8)Ma(MSWD=1.6),为晚三叠世岩浆活动产物。地球化学研究表明,岩石具有高SiO_2、Al_2O_3、ALK,低TiO_2、MnO、MgO、P_2O_5的特征,轻稀土富集、轻重稀土分馏明显,具有Eu的负异常(δEu=0.37~0.50),富集大离子亲石元素、相对亏损高场强元素,显示出强过铝质S型花岗岩的特征,花岗岩具有负的εNd(t)(-3.7~-2.7)和较老的二阶段模式(T2DM)年龄(1.2~1.3Ga)。综合分析认为,霍热木德克花岗岩由富含白云母和黑云母的变泥质岩经历部分熔融形成,其源区有富钙斜长石、钛铁矿的残留,为同碰撞造山阶段挤压环境下地壳加厚而发生部分熔融的产物,形成于同碰撞构造环境。     

Emplacement age of the Tahe granite and its constraints on the tectonic nature of the Ergun block in the northern part of the Da Hinggan Range

Large-scale granitic plutons are exposed in the Ergun block in the northern part of the Da Hinggan Range, but their emplacement age and petrogenesis remain unknown. Of these plutons, the Tahe pluton is composed mainly of porphyritic syenogranite and monzogranite, with minor hornblende alkali feldspar granite and gabbro, which have affinities to post-orogenic granitoids. Laser-ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass-spectroscope （LA-ICP-MS） analysis shows that the major rock types of the Tahe pluton formed at 494- 480 Ma ago, indicating its emplacement in the Early Paleozoic. It is concluded, therefore, that the collision between the Ergun and the Xing＇an blocks ended in Early Paleozoic. Considering the geochronological data of the plutons in the adjacent areas, the Early Paleozoic evolutionary history of the Ergun block is similar to the central Mongolia and the Tuvino blocks in Mongolia, and the Ergun block should be a part of the accretionary continental margin in the southern Siberian Craton.     

Zircon LA-ICPMS study and petrogenesis simulation of Dahuabei pluton in the Wulashan area,Inner Mongolia

Dahuabei pluton in the Wulashan area,Inner Mongolia,is an alkaline and peraluminous granitic pluton.LA-ICPMS U-Pb dating of zircons indicates that this pluton crystallized at 330±10 Myr.The pluton did not experience apparent zircon fractionation.The consistent temperatures between Zr saturation (765℃) and the average zircon-rutile Ti equilibrium (780℃),together with zircon ages and their CL images,indicated that there were no inherited zircons in this pluton.Through the simulation of the dry-system crystallization process of magma cooling at 200 MPa and 1100-709℃,the phase diagram and composition evolution tendency of different phases were obtained.The magma reached its liquidus at 1069℃.Sanidine was the first crystallized phase;at 709℃ the residual magma was less than 4%,and the range of 1069-719℃ should be the most suitable approach to the real condition.It is shown that at least some part of the pluton underwent such isobaric equilibrium crystallization processes during its crystallization.     

Uprising period and elevation of the Wenyu granitic pluton in the Xiaoqinling District, Central China

Xiaoqinling District is an important gold-producing area in China. It ranks second to Jiaodong with regard to gold deposits. The uprising period of the Wenyu granitic pluton and the wall-rocks of the deposit, as well as the mineralizing depth and reserved place of gold ore bodies, are significant to ore exploration. Fission-track （FT） analysis of zircons and apatites of granitic rocks from the Wenyu granitic pluton shows that apatite FT （AFT） data modeling indicates a rapid cooling rate of 20℃/Ma from 138 to 120 Ma after emplacement at 138 Ma. Thermal evolution and inversion curves suggest a secondary phase of fast cooling and up- rising from 45 to 35 Ma, and 35 Ma, respectively, with a cooling rate of 6.7℃/Ma and a denudation quantity of -4.3 km. The last cooling phase took place from 〈4 Ma, with an average cooling rate of -11.3℃/Ma and a denudation amount of 1.3 km. Total exhumation quantity of 5.6 km and uprising elevation of 7.3 km are similar to the estimated results of fluid inclusions from the Dongtongyu and Wenyu gold deposits. The 39Ar/40Ar dating of sericite from the fault planes of the Xunmadao-Xiaohe and Taiyao faults demonstrate two uprising activities of the ore-host metamorphic complex. The Huashan and Wenyu granitic plutons inten- sively occurred during 77 and 45 Ma, respectively. These data sets are valuable for understanding the uplifting process and for preserving gold ore bodies in the Xiaoqinling area, as well as for further studies on tectonic evolutions of the Taihua Complex and the Qinling-Dabie Orogen.     

雾灵山A型花岗岩系的矿物学特征及成因意义

雾灵山杂岩体由似斑状碱长正长岩及其中的岩石包体、碱性石英正长斑岩、碱性石英正长岩等岩石组成，是冀北地区白垩纪岩浆活动的代表。本文以岩相学工作为基础，讨论了这些岩石中主要造岩矿物的结晶顺序和共生关系，报道了它们的成分特点和演化趋势，推测了不同矿物结晶时的温度、压力、氧逸度、含水量等生成状态和条件，并探讨了由它们所反映出的岩浆演化历史、特点和岩石成因系列归属问题。     

Two granitic plutons in Central Western Kunlun Belt: Their ages and possible sources

Geochronological and isotope studies have been carried out for two important plutons in the Central Western Kunlun Belt. U-Pb single grain zircon dating results show that the North Kudi Pluton (404 Ma) was produced near the end of Caledonian; whereas the previously labeled Hercynian Arkarz Mountain Pluton (215 Ma) is either an Indosinian pluton or a product of multiple-phase magmatism. Sm/Nd isotopic data suggest that their sources are quite heterogeneous, and continental crust played an important role during the generation of these two granitic plutons.     

Triassic U-Pb age for zircon from granites in the Tonghua area and its response to the Dabie-Sulu ultrahigh-pressure collisional orogenesis

Single-grain zircon U-Pb dating was carried out to constrain the emplacement timing of granitic plutons at Chaxinzi, Xiaoweishahe and Longtou in the Tonghua area, south of Jilin Province. The results show that these plutons formed in the Triassic with ages of 203—217 Ma. Geological and geochemical characteristics indicate that the plutons are composed of quartz diorite and granite. The former was derived from partial melting of mafic lower crust, whereas the latter originated from thickened crust with garnet as the residue in the source. It appears that protoliths of these two types of granitits are different although they have the same emplacement age. Considering that these plutons are petrologically different from the coeval granites in the Xingmeng (Xing‘an-Mongolian) to Jihei (Jilin-Heilongjiang) orogenic belt in the north, it is suggested that their formation was related to the Dabie-Sulu ultrahigh-pressure collisional orogenesis since their ages are only 10—20 Ma younger than timing of the ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism, but comparable to that of the first rapid exhumation of the ultra-high-pressure metamorphic rocks and the emplacement of the post-collisional granites.     

黑龙江鹿鸣钼矿床流体包裹体特征

鹿鸣钼矿床位于小兴安岭-张广才岭成矿带中南部.钼矿体产于二长花岗岩与花岗斑岩的接触带内,钼矿化主要载体为石英脉,呈脉状、网脉状分布于矿体的内部.研究了主要含矿石英脉体中流体包裹体的特征,结果表明:包裹体相态类型主要为气液两相,矿床的成矿温度峰值分别为400,220℃,盐度为19%~144%,成矿压力平均为18MPa,成矿深度为09~28km,成矿流体成分富含CO2,H2O,CH4等多种气态组分,以及Na+,Ca2+,SO2-4,Cl-液态组分;矿床初始流体来源于岩浆热液,成矿后期受大气降水的混入.矿床成因类型应划归为与中酸性侵入岩浆活动有关的中高温斑岩型钼矿床.     

藏北羌塘南缘早白垩世青草山强过铝质S型花岗岩的成因: 来自地球化学和锆石U-Pb年代学的约束

藏北羌塘南缘扎普?多不杂岩浆弧内的青草山花岗岩体由花岗斑岩和石英二长斑岩组成, 目前缺乏地球化学和年代学数据来约束其成因和形成时代。用 LA-ICP-MS 方法测得石英二长斑岩锆石 206Pb/238U 年龄加权平均值为122±1 Ma (MSWD=3.9), 花岗斑岩的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb 年龄为114.6±1.2 Ma (MSWD=1.1), 表明岩体形成于早白垩世。岩体含白云母、堇青石, 无角闪石, 具有富铝(A1₂O₃ 含量: 14.81%~15.86%)、贫钙(CaO 含量: 1.10%~2.44%)、总碱含量高(K₂O+Na₂O 含量: 6.86%~8.80%)的特征, 铝饱和指数 A/CNK 为1.06~1.20, 在 CIPW 标准矿物计算中出现刚玉分子(1.20%~2.86%), 未出现透辉石, 表明该岩体为一套强过铝质亚碱性 S 型花岗岩。(La/Yb)N=3.24~16.20, LREE/HREE=4.37~12.4, 在配分曲线上显示左高右低的特征, 富集Rb, Th, U, K, La, Ce 等大离子亲石元素, 亏损Ta, Nb, P, Ti, Y 等高场强元素, 具有较典型的岛弧岩浆岩地球化学特征。研究结果揭示, 青草山花岗岩为班公湖?怒江洋壳北向俯冲背景下, 上地壳杂砂岩质成分发生部分熔融作用的产物。