换热器板片波纹结构辊压成形工艺设计

不锈钢换热板片的形状参数较为复杂,考虑到传统冲压成形工艺制备效率低、缺陷多等问题,提出了一种辊压成形和冲压工艺相结合的加工方法,基于冲压工艺及冷弯成形工艺中的弯曲理论,对板片波纹结构的辊压工艺参数进行了数学建模和优化设计.研究结果表明:换热器板片波纹结构可采用制备效率高的辊压工艺单道次成形,通过量化研究变形回弹,板片各物理参数加工精度基本满足技术标准.     

铝合金板式节点承载力设计方法及构造要求

对铝合金板式节点的承载力进行理论分析,提出了节点板块状拉剪破坏的承载力计算公式以及节点板局部屈曲承载力的计算公式.在试验的基础上,利用ABAQUS软件对铝合金板式节点进行数值模拟研究,数值分析结果和试验结果吻合较好.根据试验结果拟合得到了节点承载力公式中的系数.将承载力计算公式和试验结果进行了对比,验证了公式的实用性.最后提出铝合金板式节点的实用构造要求,并通过试验结果验证了其正确性.     

螺栓滑移引起的铝合金板式节点网壳变形研究

板式节点螺栓滑移会引起铝合金网壳结构发生明显变形,变形主要取决于节点轴向变形,可通过节点轴向刚度模型来模拟螺栓滑移.为考虑实际工程中螺栓尺寸的随机误差,提出节点轴向刚度的随机多折线模型,分析发现,考虑螺栓尺寸误差计算得到的网壳挠度,可采用理想四折线模型结果拟合. 基于轴向刚度四折线模型,分析网壳挠度随螺栓预紧力的变化规律,发现当预紧力高于特定临界值时,网壳变形很小,反之网壳挠度会迅速增大. 进一步分析发现：最大网壳挠度与螺栓孔径差、网格环数呈正比,受跨度、矢跨比和支座形式影响较大,与杆件截面及节点板尺寸、荷载大小相关性较小. 基于此,提出螺栓滑移引起的最大网壳挠度计算公式,并对工程中常见的拉铆钉和普通螺栓,给出孔隙优化建议.     

铝合金板式节点初始刚度

铝合金板式节点变形分为节点板中心区域变形、节点板与杆件错动以及杆件自身变形三部分.对铝合金板式节点的受弯机理进行分析,得到节点初始弯曲刚度公式.在试验基础上,分析试件的抗弯性能,得到弯矩-转角曲线.采用ABAQUES软件对节点进行数值模拟,数值结果与试验结果吻合较好.通过参数分析得知节点板厚度、杆件截面高度、螺栓数量及节点板半径对节点初始弯曲刚度的影响.最后将理论结果分别与数值结果和试验结果进行比较,验证了公式的合理性.     

铝合金板式节点火灾后承载性能

对铝合金板式节点火灾后性能的研究可为评估铝合金网壳火灾后承载性能提供依据。完成了6061-T6铝合金材料过火后的单向拉伸试验,给出了其火灾后力学性能折减系数的计算式。完成了12件6061-T6铝合金板式节点过火后的承载性能试验,得到其承载力和破坏模式。试验结果表明,铝合金材料性能及铝合金板式节点力学性随过火温度的变化均呈现三折线趋势。建立数值模型并进行参数分析,分析了材料性能、过火温度、尺寸规格对铝合金板式节点过火后承载性能的影响规律。最后,拟合得到铝合金板式节点火灾后的弯曲刚度及承载力计算式以及火灾后的弯矩-转角曲线四折线模型。     

材料参数对汽车发动机隔热板冲压成型性能影响

本文利用拉伸试验获得的样本数据,通过冲压性能试验和膨胀性实验,分析汽车用铝合金板材料参数和其成形性之间的对应关系,建立了评估铝合金板胀性成形性和拉深性的指标,为发动机隔热板冲压成形合理选材和预测成形性提供可靠的依据,为其它铝制品零件冲压加工中合理选材和预测成形性提供参考性的依据。     

节点刚度对铝合金板式节点网壳稳定性能的影响

本文提出了考虑铝合金板式节点半刚性的杆件单元力学模型,建立了考虑铝合金板式节点试验弯矩-转角曲线关系的网壳结构数值模型,并通过数值算例进行验证.数值计算结果表明,铝合金板式节点半刚性特性显著降低了网壳结构的承载力.进一步的参数分析表明,结构跨度对网壳稳定承载力的影响最大,荷载分布模式和支撑条件对网壳稳定承载力的影响较小.     

考虑节点几何位置偏差的既有网壳结构稳定计算方法

基于概率和数理统计理论,提出了一种通过分析已抽检节点实测几何位置信息并采用截断高斯分布函数形成未抽检节点几何位置信息的方法.基于蒙特卡罗法,得到既有网壳结构的一组稳定系数,通过概率论方法给出了临界稳定系数的确定方法,最后提出了考虑几何位置误差的既有网壳结构整体的计算流程.以一个K6型单层网壳结构为算例,验证了该方法的可行性.     

AM50A镁合金U形件回弹影响因素分析

为了使镁合金冲压产品在尺寸和形状方面达到更高的精度,利用Dynaform对AM50A镁合金U形件进行了冲压模拟,得到了部分模拟参数对冲压成形及回弹效果的影响,同时进行回弹分析比较。确定了某种电路叉板U形件冲压参数:凹模间隙0.4mm,压边间隙1.1mm,压边力40kN,板料厚度2mm,凹模静摩擦系数0.001。为回弹补偿设计提供依据。     

Q235B钢螺栓球柱节点的受拉承载力

基于3个单向受拉螺栓球柱节点的试验,采用ABAQUS软件建立单向受拉螺栓球柱节点的数值模型,并将数值分析结果与试验结果进行对比,验证了数值模型的有效性。随后建立了87个数值模型对螺栓球柱节点的单向受拉承载力影响参数进行了分析,定义了节点单向受拉极限承载力的取值准则。数值计算结果表明,圆柱筒径越小、壁厚越厚、筒壁高度越高,节点的单向受拉承载力越高;增大螺栓间距和尺寸对节点的刚度和强度有一定提高;增设加劲肋可提高螺栓球柱节点的刚度和承载力;当螺栓拧入深度不足时,节点易发生螺栓拔出破坏,实际工程中建议螺栓拧入弧形端板的深度大于螺栓直径。基于理论分析,拟合得到了螺栓球柱节点单向受拉承载力的实用计算式。拟合算式计算结果与有限元分析结果及试验结果的相对误差均在10%以内。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.