静电纺丝技术制备TiO_2纳米纤维的研究

以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)的乙醇溶液为基体,加入体积分数为6%的钛酸异丙酯,制得前驱体溶液,在高电场强度下用静电纺丝法制备了PVP/Ti(OCH(CH3)2)4复合纳米纤维,经600℃高温煅烧得到金红石和锐钛矿混杂的二氧化钛(TiO2)纳米纤维,直径约150～200 nm.研究了不同电纺参数对PVP/Ti(OCH(CH3)2)4复合纳米纤维的形貌的影响.通过差热-热重分析(TG-DSC)、红外光谱(IR)、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)等分析测试手段对制得的TiO2纳米纤维进行表征.     

球形ZnO/TiO_2颗粒的制备及其光催化研究

以ZnSO4·7H2O和Ti(SO4)2·9H2O为原料,PVP(聚乙烯吡咯烷酮)为表面活性剂,采用液相沉淀法制备了球形ZnO/TiO2复合颗粒.研究结果表明:在制备球形ZnO/TiO2复合颗粒过程中,若ZnO/TiO2的摩尔比为1︰6,在50%(v/v)的乙醇水溶剂中加入6 g/L PVP时,所得复合颗粒为圆球形,且光催化活性较强.在800℃下煅烧ZnO/TiO2复合颗粒30 min,得锐钛矿型TiO2,结晶相当完善,具有稳定且较高的光催化活性.     

TiO2/SiO2复合光催化剂制备工艺参数优化及其表征

先以无机钛盐、硅酸盐为原料制取聚合硅酸硫酸钛,再通过液相水解法制得TiO2/SiO2复合光催化剂,并用SEM、XRD、BET和甲基橙脱色率对复合光催化剂进行表征.结果表明,TiO2/SiO2复合光催化剂制备优化工艺参数为:Ti(SO4)2作钛源、Ti/Si摩尔比为12∶1、水解反应pH值为6、煅烧温度为650℃,以此条件制备的复合光催化剂对甲基橙脱色率可达98.6％以上；TiO2/SiO2复合光催化剂为一种分散均匀的纳米级球形颗粒,其成分为以锐钛矿为主的TiO2,SiO2的复合有效抑制了TiO2晶粒的生长,同时提高了TiO2的热稳定性.     

低温水解制备TiO2/ACF复合光催化剂及其对茜素红S的降解应用

以四氯化钛为原料,利用低温直接水解法制备了纳米二氧化钛,同时将其负载于活性碳纤维表面得到TiO2/ACF复合光催化剂.SEM照片显示二氧化钛在ACF上以纳米团簇的形式均匀附着;XRD结果表明所得TiO2/ACF中TiO2的晶型为金红石相,微晶尺寸为7.02 nm,350℃下煅烧后金红石相TiO2结晶更好,微晶尺寸为9.88 nm; XPS分析表明Ti元素以Ti4+的形式存在.将350 ℃煅烧得到的TiO2/ACF复合光催化剂应用于对茜素红S的光催化降解,实验表明其光催化性能良好.     

静电纺丝技术制备二氧化铈纳米纤维

采用静电纺丝技术制备了PVP／Ce（NO3）3复合微米纤维,研究了反应体系的最佳组成,获得了最佳制备条件。将PVP／Ce（NO3）3复合微米纤维在600℃焙烧10h,获得了晶态CeO2纳米纤维。XRD分析表明,PVP／Ce（NO3）3复合纤维为无定型,CeO2纳米纤维为立方晶系,空间群为OH^5-F^M3m。SEM分析表明,PVP／Ce（NO3）3复合微米纤维表面光滑,平均直径约为1．0～2．0μm;所制备的CeO2纳米纤维的平均直径为300nm,长度大于50μm。     

尿素加压共沉淀法制备纳米ZnO-TiO2复合粉体

以Zn(NO3)2,Ti(SO4)2为原料,以尿素为沉淀剂宿主,采用高温加压共沉淀法将Zn2+及Ti4+同时沉淀出来,在热分析的基础上于一定温度下煅烧1h,制得纳米ZnO TiO2(锐钛矿型)复合粉体,其平均粒径约为45nm。结果表明,采用该方法制备复合粉体时,只有在一定的反应物配比范围内才能实现纳米ZnO与纳米TiO2的复合。     

TiO2/SiO2复合光催化剂制备工艺参数优化及其表征

先以无机钛盐、硅酸盐为原料制取聚合硅酸硫酸钛,再通过液相水解法制得TiO2/SiO2复合光催化剂,并用SEM、XRD、BET和甲基橙脱色率对复合光催化剂进行表征。结果表明,TiO2/SiO2复合光催化剂制备优化工艺参数为:Ti(SO4)2作钛源、Ti/Si摩尔比为12∶1、水解反应pH值为6、煅烧温度为650℃,以此条件制备的复合光催化剂对甲基橙脱色率可达98.6%以上;TiO2/SiO2复合光催化剂为一种分散均匀的纳米级球形颗粒,其成分为以锐钛矿为主的TiO2,SiO2的复合有效抑制了TiO2晶粒的生长,同时提高了TiO2的热稳定性。     

水热法制备不同晶粒尺寸的纳米二氧化钛

以Ti(SO4)2为前驱体,H2SO4或NaOH为pH调节剂,通过水热法合成了不同晶粒尺寸的锐钛矿相纳米TiO2,并研究了反应体系的pH值、反应时间和Ti(SO4)2浓度对TiO2晶粒尺寸的影响。结果表明,纳米TiO2的晶粒尺寸与反应时间近似成对数关系,Ti(SO4)2浓度与反应体系的pH值对纳米TiO2晶粒尺寸的影响有近似线性叠加关系。通过对pH值、反应温度和Ti(SO4)2浓度的调节,可实现纳米TiO2的可控合成。     

纳米ZnO/TiO2复合颗粒制备及紫外屏蔽性能研究

以Ti(SO4)2和Zn(AC)2为原料,在制备金红石型纳米TiO2粉体的基础上,用溶胶凝胶法制得纳米ZnO／TiO2复合粉体．实验结合纳米TiO2和纳米ZnO的优点制得一种广谱防晒剂．TEM显示该复合颗粒为核一壳式结构;XRD分析该复合颗粒内核为金红石型TiO2,表面包覆一层六方晶系ZnO且该复合颗粒中存在强的化学键．UV-Vis测试表明该复合颗粒在整个紫外区的吸收能力达到85％,在UVA(320-400nm)区吸收性能比纯的TiO2强得多．     

TiO_2纳米纤维的制备、表征及其抗紫外性能

结合溶胶凝胶法和静电纺丝工艺,制备了聚醋酸乙烯酯(PVAc)/TiO2杂化纳米纤维,经300～700℃的焙烧后得到TiO2纳米纤维.使用热失重分析仪(TGA)、X射线能谱分析仪(EDX)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对所制得纳米纤维的成分、晶型和形貌进行了表征,使用紫外可见光谱反射仪对纳米纤维的紫外透过率进行测试.结果表明:随着焙烧温度的升高,TiO2纳米纤维的成分、晶型和表面形貌都发生了明显的变化;400℃焙烧所得的TiO2纳米纤维具有最佳的抗紫外效果.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-