可以三角化的矩阵

令σ是数域 F 上 n 维向量空间 V 的一个线性变换,则σ可以对角化的充分必要条件是:(i)σ的特征多项式的根都在 F 内;(ii)对于σ的特征多项式的每一根λ,特征子空间 V_λ的维数等于λ的重数那么条件(i)意味着什么呢?本文将证明它正是σ可以三角化(即存在 V 的一组基,使得σ在该基下的矩阵是三角形矩阵)的充分必要条件。为此先证明     

Subortho-紧空间的逆极限性质

证明了如下结果:设X=lim←{Xσ,πσρ,Λ},|Λ|=λ,并且每个投射πσ:X→Xσ是开满的,(1)若X是λ-仿紧的并且每个XσSubortho-紧空间,则X是Subortho-紧空间:(2)若X是遗传λ-仿紧的并且每个Xσ是遗传Subortho-紧空间,则X是遗传Subortho-紧空间.     

正规弱■-可加空间的逆极限

证明了如下结果:设X=lim←{Xσ,πσρ,Λ},|Λ|=λ,并且每个投射πσ:X→Xσ是开满射,(1)若X是λ-仿紧的并且每个Xσ是正规弱θ-可加空间,则X是正规弱θ-可加空间;(2)若X是λ-仿紧的并且每个Xσ是遗传正规的遗传弱θ-可加空间,则X是遗传正规的遗传弱θ-可加空间。     

正规弱(θ-)-可加空间的逆极限

证明了如下结果:设X=lim←{Xσ,πσρ,Λ},|Λ|=λ,并且每个投射πσ:X→Xσ是开满射,(1) 若X是λ-仿紧的并且每个Xσ是正规弱(θ-)-可加空间,则X是正规弱(θ-)-可加空间; (2) 若X是λ-仿紧的并且每个Xσ是遗传正规的遗传弱(θ-)-可加空间,则X是遗传正规的遗传弱(θ-)-可加空间.     

正规弱θ—可加空间的逆极限性质

本文证明了如下结果：设X＝lim{Xσ,πρ^σ,∧},│∧│=λ,并且每个投射,πσ：X→Xσ是开满射,（1）若X是λ－仿紧的并且每个Xσ是遗传正规的遗传弱θ－可加细空间,则X是遗传正规的遗传弱θ-可加细空间。     

关于θ—可加空间的逆极限性质

获得了如下结果,设X＝lim{Xσ,πσρ,A},Α=λ,并且每个投射,πσ：X→Xσ是开满的,若X是λ-仿紧的并且每个Xσ是正规θ－可加空间,则X是正规θ－可加空间,进一步还可得到遗传正规的遗传θ－可加空间的类似结果。     

弱次亚紧空间和遗传弱次亚紧空间的逆极限

证明了：若X＝lim{Xσ,πσρ,∧},｜∧｜=λ,并且每个映射πσ：X→Xσ是开满射,那么若X是λ－仿紧的,并且每个Xσ是正规弱次亚紧空间,则X是正规弱次亚紧空间,进一步还得到了遗传正规的遗传弱次亚紧性的类似结果。     

关于欧氏空间的变换的一点注记

在欧氏空间 V 中,我们知道以下的事实成立:假设σ是 V 的一个线性变换,如果σ保持内积不变,那末σ必定保持向量的长度不变;反之,如果σ了保持向量的长度不变,那末σ也必定保持内积不变。进一步可以证明:假设σ是欧氏空间 V 的一个变换,如果σ了保持内积不变,那么σ     

一类算子的谱理论(Ⅰ)——(AC)算子的基本性质

设X是复B-空间,B(X)是X上有界线性算子全体,C是复平面,F是C的一切闭子集类,我们引入一类算子,并研究它的谱理论,算子T∈B(X)称为(AC)算子,若T有性质(A)与(C),我们证明:(1)T∈B(X)是(AC)算子当且仅当对F到X的闭子空间类的同态X(·)满足下述条件:(ⅰ)(F_1∩F_2)=X(F_1)∩X(F_2);(ⅱ)X(φ)={0},X(C)=X;(ⅲ)TX(F)X(F);(ⅳ)σ(T|X(F))F;(ⅴ)对x∈X若存在解析函数x(λ):CF→X,使(λI-T)x(λ)=x,则x(λ)∈X(F),λ∈CF,(2)设T∈B(X)是(AC)算子,则对任何F∈F,有:(ⅰ)若X_T(F)≠{0},则F∩σ(T)≠φ;(ⅱ)若X_T(F)={0},则F∩σ_p(T)=φ,(3)设T∈B(X),σ(T)位于光滑Jordan曲线Γ上,又对每个z∈Γ,存在Γ邻域V上非零解析函数f(z),使 ‖f(z)R(λ,T)‖≤M_z,λ≠z,λ∈V,M_z>0,则T是(AC)算子。     

Banach空间上有界线性算子的广义谱分析

在文献[1]的基础上,进一步在Banach空间上讨论了有界线性算子T的广义谱集σG(T),证明了当λ∈σR(T)∪σP(T)时R(Tλ)闭,则σG(T)即为经典谱分类中的T的连续谱集σC(T).     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.