碳还原熔渣中氧化物发泡过程特性参数计算

分析了高温熔渣中碳还原氧化物的反应和传热机理,确定了还原反应产生气体量和时间的关系,进而给出了相应的内生气源发泡方程.介绍了计算发泡特性参数软件的特点和功能,特别是对确定消泡过程的开始时间进行了详细的讨论.将在10kg感应炉测定含TiO2渣的实验结果,通过计算程序确定了内生气源引起发泡过程的特性参数.     

预熔型精炼渣发泡性能实验研究

在实验室内利用中频感应炉对CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO熔渣的发泡性能进行研究，分析了熔渣组成、碱度、粘度、表面张力及助熔剂对熔渣的起泡寿命和发泡指数的影响，同时对高碱度熔渣的发泡性能进行具体分析，研究结果表明碱度在3．0（低碱度渣）和10左右（高碱度渣）、渣指数在0．3左右、Al2O3在低碱度区时含量在8％-14％和高碱度区20％-28％时熔渣具有良好的发泡性能，同时研究表明随着粘度的增加，发泡指数和发泡寿命逐渐降低；随着表面张力的增加，发泡指教和发泡寿命逐渐增加。这对于实际生产的合理配渣衣指导意义。     

预熔型精炼渣发泡性能实验研究

在实验室内利用中频感应炉对CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO熔渣的发泡性能进行研究,分析了熔渣组成、碱度、粘度、表面张力及助熔剂对熔渣的起泡寿命和发泡指数的影响,同时对高碱度熔渣的发泡性能进行具体分析,研究结果表明碱度在3.0(低碱度渣)和10左右(高碱度渣)、渣指数在0.3左右、Al2O3在低碱度区时含量在8%-14%和高碱度区20%-28%时熔渣具有良好的发泡性能,同时研究表明随着粘度的增加,发泡指数和发泡寿命逐渐降低;随着表面张力的增加,发泡指数和发泡寿命逐渐增加.这对于实际生产的合理配渣有指导意义.     

碳酸盐矿物分解引起的熔渣泡沫化行为

提出平均发泡寿命作为熔渣发泡效果的实验评价指标．在Ｎａ２Ｂ４Ｏ７－ＣａＯ－ＭｇＯ熔体中,采用碳酸盐矿物作发泡剂,进行内生气源熔渣发泡实验．结果表明,发泡剂粒度、种类对熔渣平均发泡寿命的影响,可归因于熔渣中碳酸盐热分解行为的差异．在一定浓度范围内,熔体中ＣａＯ、ＭｇＯ含量的变化,不仅改变熔体的物理性质,而且直接影响碳酸盐矿物的分解速度与生成气泡的大小,对熔体起泡过程和泡沫渣的稳定性也起重要作用．     

纳米SiO2对聚丙烯微孔发泡行为的影响研究

通过二次开模注塑成型法制备了聚丙烯／纳米SiO2复合材料的微孔发泡塑料。研究了SiO2对微孔发泡材料的泡孔结构和力学性能的影响。用扫描电镜对发泡样品的泡孔结构进行了表征。结果表明：在聚丙烯中加入纳米SiO2可以使泡孔直径减小、泡孔密度增加；但对发泡材料与未发泡材料的力学性能改变不大。     

CeO2对自保护药芯焊丝性能的影响

通过向BaF2-Al-Mg渣系自保护药芯焊丝药芯中加入稀土氧化物CeO2，研究了CeO2对该渣系自保护药芯焊丝焊接工艺及熔敷金属低温冲击韧性的影响．研究表明，用适量CeO2代替传统使用的MgO、Al2O3加入到药芯中，经冶金反应生成铈铝复合氧化物CeAlO3，能够有效调整熔渣的物化性能，减小焊接飞溅，改善熔渣覆盖和脱渣性；更为重要的是，以CeO2代替MgO、Al2O3造渣，降低了熔敷金属中大尺寸AIN、MgO·Al2O3等脆性夹杂物的含量，从而提高并稳定了自保护药芯焊丝熔敷金属的低温冲击韧性．     

熔融还原合成渣中碳还原Fe2O3的发泡特性参数

测定了Fe2O3在熔融还原合成渣中被碳还原时，还原气体产生泡沫渣的高度与时间的关系，由发泡特性参数方程计算了不同条件下的发泡特性参数，从而可以对熔融还原过程中由内生气源引起的发泡过程进行定量描述，为在铁浴中控制泡沫渣现象提供了必要的基础。     

高碱度LF合成精炼渣泡沫化性能研究

在实验室条件下采用钼丝挂渣法测量熔渣发泡高度,以相对发泡高度作为衡量指标,结合理论分析,系统研究了高碱度合成精炼渣的泡沫化性能.结果表明:熔渣相对发泡高度随着黏度的增大、表面张力和密度的减小而增大.在精炼渣成分一定时,随温度升高和吹气量增加,熔渣相对发泡高度都有先增加后降低的趋势.具有较好泡沫化性能的精炼渣组成范围是:ω(CaO)/ω(SiO_2)为5～8,ω(Al_2O_3):27%,ω(CaF_2)为3%～6%,ω(MgO)=8%,ω(FeO)<0.5%.     

PI／TiO2纳米复合膜的H2／CH4和H2／N2分离性能

以可溶性聚酰亚胺为基质，经乙酸修饰后的钛酸丁酯为TiO2溶胶前体，NMP为共溶剂，采用溶胶—凝胶法可制得PI／TiO2纳米复合膜。采用XPS、TEM和气体透气性能测试等手段，对复合膜的结构和H2分离性能进行了表征。结果表明，复合膜中钛酸丁酯已转化为TiO2，PI与TiO2两相结合完好。TiO2以颗粒状均匀分布在PI基质中，其颗粒粒径约为10nm。复合膜的H2，N2和CH4透气系数随着TiO2含量的增加而明显增加。当TiO2含量为22．3％时，对H2的透气系数为14．1Barrer，对H2/N2和H2／CH4的分离系数分别为187．5和143．2，因此，该复合膜是一种较为理想的H2分离和回收膜材料。     

发泡条件与09—Ⅱ浆状炸药爆轰感度的关系研究

０９－Ⅱ浆状炸药是一种利用废火药作敏化剂和含能添加剂的浆状炸药，这类炸药爆轰感度较低。该文以实验为基础，研究了发泡条件与０９－Ⅱ浆状炸药中敏化气泡数、爆轰感度之间的关系，这些条件包括发泡剂含量、发泡剂及交联剂的加入次序和发泡温度。文中提出了有利于提高这种浆状炸药爆轰感度的发泡条件是，（１）发泡剂含量为外加０．２％－０．３％；（２）泡剂与交联剂同时加入到炸药体系中；（３）发泡温度在４５℃左右。     

生活垃圾焚烧炉渣负载TiO2自清洁泡沫混凝土的制备

介绍了生活垃圾(MSW)焚烧炉渣的化学性质,表明了生活垃圾焚烧炉渣成分与天然砂石料非常相近,属于CaO-SiO_2-Al_2O_3-Fe_2O_3系统,可作为混凝土中的部分替代骨料。紧接着将具有光催化特性的TiO_2与炉渣相结合,通过添加发泡剂H_2O_2来制备自清洁泡沫混凝土。研究了自清洁泡沫混凝土的TiO_2含量、孔隙率、堆积密度、表面孔隙度和微观结构对亚甲基蓝(MB)的光催化性能的影响。结果显示,TiO_2含量为0.4wt%的自清洁泡沫混凝土拥有较多的孔隙和较完整的孔隙结构,允许紫外光线更加深入的穿透进去活化TiO_2,光降解性能最优。     

Rheological behavior and constitutive equations of heterogeneous titanium-bearing molten slag

Experimental studies on the rheological properties of a CaO–SiO₂–Al₂O₃–MgO–TiO₂–(TiC) blast furnace (BF) slag system were conducted using a high-temperature rheometer to reveal the non-Newtonian behavior of heterogeneous titanium-bearing molten slag. By measuring the relationships among the viscosity, the shear stress and the shear rate of molten slags with different TiC contents at different temperatures, the rheological constitutive equations were established along with the rheological parameters; in addition, the non-Newtonian fluid types of the molten slags were determined. The results indicated that, with increasing TiC content, the viscosity of the molten slag tended to increase. If the TiC content was less than 2wt%, the molten slag exhibited the Newtonian fluid behavior when the temperature was higher than the critical viscosity temperature of the molten slag. In contrast, the molten slag exhibited the non-Newtonian pseudoplastic fluid characteristic and the shear thinning behavior when the temperature was less than the critical viscosity temperature. However, if the TiC content exceeded 4wt%, the molten slag produced the yield stress and exhibited the Bingham and plastic pseudoplastic fluid behaviors when the temperature was higher and lower than the critical viscosity temperature, respectively. When the TiC content increased further, the yield stress of the molten slag increased and the shear thinning phenomenon became more obvious.     

承钢高炉炉缸沉积物的形成机理

在热力学分析的基础上,研究了承钢高炉炉缸沉积物的形成机理。结果表明:承钢高炉炉缸沉积物中的高熔点物质主要为TiC及少量的Ti(N,C)、Ti(C,N)。炉渣中的TiO2与焦炭发生直接还原反应生成TiC,随着铁液的形成,渣中的TiC被铁滴吸附,包裹在铁滴周围。TiC包裹着铁液沉降到炉底形成炉缸沉积物;在渣-铁界面和铁水-炉底耐火材料界面,由于浓度梯度和温度梯度的存在析出Ti(N,C)、Ti(C,N),铁水和炉渣团聚在炉缸中形成炉缸沉积物。     

电炉粉尘循环利用造泡沫渣

在实验室中研究了电炉粉尘和煤粉加入量及温度对泡沫渣高度的影响。结果表明,在电炉渣中加入0－30％的电炉粉尘和3％－12％的煤粉（质量分数）时,随粉尘煤粉加入量的增加以及温度的提高,泡沫渣的最大发泡高度增加;在加入电炉粉尘造泡沫渣过程中,随温度升高,渣中ZnO的还原挥发速度加快,反应6min,Zn的挥发率大于97％,在本实验条件下,反应3min,渣中pb小于0．02％,温度对PbO的还原挥发速度无明显影响。     

Influence of aluminium nitride as a foaming agent on the preparation of foam glass-ceramics from high-titanium blast furnace slag

To effectively reuse high-titanium blast furnace slag (TS), foam glass-ceramics were successfully prepared by powder sintering at 1000℃. TS and waste glass were used as the main raw materials, aluminium nitride (AlN) as the foaming agent, and borax as the fluxing agent. The influence of the amount of AlN added (1wt%–5wt%) on the crystalline phases, microstructure, and properties of the produced foam glass-ceramics was studied. The results showed that the main crystal phases were perovskite, diopside, and augite. With increasing AlN content, a transformation from diopside to augite occurred and the crystallinity of the pyroxene phases slightly decreased. Initially, the average pore size and porosity of the foam glass-ceramics increased and subsequently decreased; similarly, their bulk density and compressive strength decreased and subsequently increased. The optimal properties were obtained when the foam glass-ceramics were prepared by adding 4wt% AlN.     

TiC颗粒对CaO-SiO_2-MgO-Al_2O_3-TiO_2炉渣电导率的影响

采用交流阻抗谱法测定了含有不同的TiC颗粒含量和粒度的CaO SiO2 MgO Al2O3 TiO2拟五元炉渣在1633K时的表观电导率·根据炉渣的交流阻抗谱,提出了合理的等效电路;根据表观电导率随温度变化的关系,估算了1633～1693K温度范围内TiC含量和粒度不同的炉渣的表观活化能·结果表明:炉渣体系的表观活化能随TiC颗粒的含量增高及粒度减小而增大,而对TiC质量分数为0 5%的炉渣其表观活化能随TiC颗粒粒度减小而稍有减小;在1633K时,炉渣体系的表观电导率随TiC颗粒的含量增高及粒度减小而减小,而对TiC质量分数为0 5%的炉渣其表观电导率随TiC颗粒粒度减小而稍有增大;在163...     

Electrorheological effect of Ti-bearing blast furnace slag with different TiC contents at 1500℃

The electrorheological properties of CaO–SiO2–Al2O3–MgO–TiO2–TiC slags were investigated to enhance understanding of the effect of TiC addition on the viscosity, yield stress, and fluid pattern of Ti-bearing slags in a direct-current electric field. The viscosities and shear stresses of 4wt% and 8wt% TiC slags were found to increase substantially with increasing electric field intensity, whereas virtually no rheological changes were observed in the 0wt% TiC slag. The Herschel–Bulkley model was applied to demonstrate that the fluid pattern of the 4wt% TiC slag was converted from that of a Newtonian fluid to that of a Bingham fluid in response to the applied electric field; and the static yield stress increased linearly with the square of the electric field intensity.     

C—SiC—TiC—TiB2复合材料原位合成及热压烧结

以熟焦,碳纤维,Ｂ４Ｃ,ＳｉＣ,Ｓｉ,ＴｉＯ２和ＴｉＣ为原料,采用原位合成及热压技术研究了不同ＴｉＯ２和ＴｉＣ含量对多组份碳／陶复合材料的组成、结构和性能的影响。